5916 research outputs found
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Sharing personal data via incentive-based negotiation: Preference modeling and empirical analysis
No full textIn an age where data is a pivotal asset for businesses, the ethical acquisition and use of personal information has become increasingly more significant. Empowering data providers with greater autonomy over their personal data is more important than ever. To address this, we propose a novel negotiation-based information-sharing framework that empowers individuals to actively negotiate the terms of their data sharing, addressing privacy concerns and ethical data usage. The framework enables users to determine what personal information they share and under what conditions, fostering a more balanced and transparent data exchange process. Our system allows data consumer agents to negotiate with their human users and can operate fully automatically, with agents representing data providers negotiating based on elicited preferences and needs. We propose novel preference modeling approaches and a negotiation framework to facilitate the bilateral sharing of information and incentives between data consumers and providers. User experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our negotiation approach and the effectiveness of the proposed preference models. Empirical results validate the benefits of the proposed framework.Publisher versio
Airline sustainability reporting in Europe: Progress, compliance and challenges
No full textThis study systematically evaluates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting practices of European airline groups, covering both mandatory and voluntary key performance indicators (KPIs) under evolving regulatory frameworks. By analysing annual and sustainability reports from 16 major airline groups, the research identifies significant progress in the reporting of core metrics, with Scope 1 CO2 totals reported by 94 % and emissions intensity by 88 %, reflecting growing regulatory alignment and stakeholder expectations. However, persistent gaps remain: Scope 2 and Scope 3 reporting appears in only 56 % and 50 % of cases, respectively, while non-CO2 emissions are disclosed by just 38 %, despite forthcoming European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) monitoring requirements. Reporting on sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) life-cycle emissions is limited (19 %), and CO2 offsetting disclosures are rare (6 %), complicating verification of decarbonisation claims and readiness for ReFuelEU Aviation and Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). The proliferation of voluntary KPI disclosures further complicates comparability due to a lack of standardization and clear definitions. These challenges are compounded by risks of greenwashing, where airlines selectively report favourable data such as emissions intensity, and greenhushing, where substantive achievements are undercommunicated. The study concludes that while regulatory frameworks such as the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), the EU ETS, CORSIA, and ReFuelEU are driving improvements, further harmonization and methodological clarity are required to ensure transparency, comparability, and genuine progress toward aviation's climate goals.European Union (EU) ; European Research Executive Agency (REA)Publisher versio
Assessment of digital platform requirements for user experience using fuzzy cognitive map approach
No full textRecently, digital platforms have been dominating industries following digital transformation. Customers have become mobile, online, and even virtual, and they use digital platforms to ask about product and service offerings and share their experiences regarding their journeys through digital platforms. The expectations of digital customers have changed how companies interact with their customers. Focusing on user experience on digital platforms has become a priority for companies to satisfy the expectations of customers and consumers and be competitive in the digital market. From this point of view, this study focuses on digital platform requirements for user satisfaction. Developing a successful digital platform that ensures user satisfaction requires considering the complex and multi-faceted structure consisting of interrelated criteria. Therefore, this study aims to identify, analyze, and model the digital platform requirements for user experience. An application in the aviation industry has been conducted to verify the validity, applicability, and usability of the collected requirements. In this regard, the cognitive map (CM) approach has been adopted to analyze the interrelations among the requirements. However, real-life problems are complex, and decision-making processes to model and solve these problems involve human perception and uncertainty. Therefore, the study combines the CM approach with fuzzy sets and utilizes the fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) method. The study reveals the system's complexity regarding digital platform requirements for user experience, identifies the most critical players in this system, and visualizes the model of the multi-faceted complexity of these requirements.Publisher versio
The new media art world in Turkey: Boundary-work in action
No full textIn an age marked by the Post-media condition, the term ‘New Media Art’ remains in use in reference to a professional territory not autonomous, but also different from the territory of Contemporary Art, and its members use various rhetorical tactics to maintain and expand their professional authority. This study aims at analyzing the professional ideology of the New Media Art territory in Turkey using Thomas F. Gieryn’s concept of the ‘boundary-work’. The data obtained via semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with a purposively sampled population of artists, curators and producers are used to assess whether a common cultural repertoire exists in this territory and whether it conforms to or contradicts its global counterpart. The study finds that since the mid-1990s, the professional ideology of the New Media Art territory in Turkey has developed in parallel with the world, but not monolithically. The curators/producers’ ideology is defined by potential for democratization, intersections of art, science and technology, interaction/interactivity and interdisciplinary collaboration. However, they exhibit two repertoire variants positively correlated with the subjects’ career orientations. The artists’ common ideology is similar to the curators’/producers’, but their cultural repertoires are more flexible thanks to the variety of their individual practices. The study concludes that this duality emerges due to the limited funding sources in Turkey.Ozyeğin University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Design, Technology and Societ
MRI pathway for small volume prostate gland index lesions: A single-centre retrospective analysis
No full textObjective By using MRI-guided in-bore biopsy, we examined the specific question of the significance of small volume index lesions that are increasingly prevalent in daily practice.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 602 consecutive men who underwent multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and subsequent MRI-guided in-bore prostate biopsy between January 2010 and February 2025. One hundred seven patients with peripheral zone (PZ) small volume PI-RADS 4 index lesions (<= 7 mm in greatest dimension) comprised the study cohort. Patient age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, PSA density, target size, shape (round/oval, linear/wedge, or subcapsular crescentic), International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Grade Group, and tumour length to core length ratio were correlated.Results In this cohort, the mean age, PSA, prostate volume, PSA density, and lesion size were 63.8 years (range: 45-79 years), 5.6 ng/mL (range: 1.6-18 ng/mL), 53.5 mL (range: 14-151 mL), 0.12 ng/mL2 (range: 0.02-0.43 ng/mL2) and 5.7 mm (range: 3-7 mm), respectively. A total of 107 patients were examined, of whom 71 (66.3%) were found to have prostate cancer (PCa) and 47 (43.9%) had clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The percentage of linear/wedge-shaped targets was 50.5% (n = 54/107) and the detection rates of PCa and csPCa for this subgroup were 61.1% (n = 33/54) and 48.1% (n = 26/54), respectively.Conclusion Our study reveals that a higher percentage of small volume index lesions harbour a high grade (Gleason pattern 4 or 5) component than previously thought, suggesting that lesion size alone does not provide sufficient reassurance to omit biopsy. MRI-guided in-bore biopsy is a valuable technique for accurately sampling and characterizing small-volume index lesions.Advances in knowledge Nearly half of the small volume index lesions on mpMRI are clinically significant regardless of their shape and these lesions cannot be safely ignored
Time resourcefulness of children: From time poverty to time affluence
No full textBased on a review of empirical work on children's time use in different domains of their life (sleep and self-care, school time, schoolwork, work, leisure, and free time), the present chapter proposes a theoretical model that categorizes children's time resourcefulness. Research shows that individuals may be time poor or time rich in conditions of material poverty, as well as in material affluence. Therefore, going beyond the dichotomy of time poverty and time richness is crucial in order to cover different experiences of children in terms of time use. Time and material resources, extending from availability and lack thereof, are the two dimensions that produce four categories of time resourcefulness: time poverty, time deprivation, time abundance, and time affluence. This categorization may serve as a theoretical template to examine children's time use, its predictors, and development in addition to well-being outcomes that may have policy implications for the organization of children's time across the globe. © Alberto Minujin and Enrique Delamonica 2025
Designing trust and privacy: The role of legal design in ensuring compliance with the EU AI Act
No full textLegal design combines proactive law, human-centered design, and technology, embracing human-centricity and transparency as its core. With this paper, we try to shed light on the usability of legal design practices on the compliance and privacy protection regarding the AI Act by analyzing related provisions, where these design practices can be used in order to strengthen privacy by design. By exploring how legal design principles can enhance the implementation of privacy safeguards under the AI Act, including AI literacy, informed consent, meaningful transparency, and practical rights assertion for individuals, this paper contributes to enhancing the human-centric AI policy frameworks and contributes to privacy by design principles
SDN-API-Sec-Fast: a performance-enhanced conflict-free blockchain-based authorization for cross-domain SDNs
No full textSoftware-defined networking (SDN) is a pioneering paradigm that adds a new level of management and programmability to computer networks. Despite its benefits, SDN opens the door for new attacks against the network by targeting different SDN components, especially when they need to interact with each other through application programming interfaces (APIs). In this work, we focus on protecting those APIs by proposing SDN-API-Sec-Fast, a cross-domain access control method based on the key characteristics of blockchain technology. We enhance our previous work SDN-API-Sec by introducing SDN-API-Sec-Fast, which combines conflict detection with read-only mode to achieve better performance. We investigate the performance of the blockchain side and the overall authorization process
Analysis of chromatin structure reveals the connection between sQTLs and the splicing of distant genes
No full textGene expression and regulation with or without alternative splicing are key factors for cells to properly function. Distant splicing quantitative trait loci (distant sQTLs) are genomic mutations that impact the alternative splicing patterns of far-away genes. Nevertheless, the procedures causing a distant sQTL to regulate the alternative splicing of genes are not well defined. Higher resolution chromosome conformation capture experiments like Micro-C or Hi-C together with an expanding number of sQTL datasets on humans help us in understanding the spatial processes governing distant sQTL relationships at a genome-wide scale. In this study, we focus on analyzing whether spatial closeness helps in regulating sQTL-gene interactions over high-order chromatin topological domain structure, which is inferred from chromosome conformation experiments. We discover larger-scale chromatin shape to be in line with sQTL associations. In detail, sQTLs are generally spatially near their splicing genes in 3D, they frequently appear near topologically associating domain (TAD) and frequently interacting region (FIRE) boundaries, and are favorably related to genes over TADs and FIREs. Additionally, we discover that inside-domain sQTLs accompanied by functional regulatory elements, including enhancers and promoters, are spatially closer than all inside-domain sQTLs. This result suggests that spatial closeness between sQTLs and their distant splicing genes obtained from chromatin’s TAD structure has major importance in regulating alternative splicing and thus in gene regulation. Our results are robust across different experiments such as Hi-C and Micro-C, different TAD inference methods, different Hi-C binning resolutions, different alternative splicing events, and once we control for eQTLs, which are shown to be spatially close to their genes. © The Author(s) 2025.TÜBİTAKPublisher versio