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Search for single production of a vector-like T quark decaying to a top quark and a Z boson in the final state with jets and missing transverse momentum at s√ = 13 TeV
No full textA search is presented for single production of a vector-like T quark with charge 2/3 e, in the decay channel featuring a top quark and a Z boson, with the top quark decaying hadronically and the Z boson decaying to neutrinos. The search uses data collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1 recorded at the CERN LHC in 2016–2018. The search is sensitive to a T quark mass between 0.6 and 1.8 TeV with decay widths ranging from negligibly small up to 30% of the T quark mass. Reconstruction strategies for the top quark are based on the degree of Lorentz boosting of its final state. At 95% confidence level, the upper limit on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for a T quark of small decay width varies between 15 and 602 fb, depending on its mass. For a T quark with decay widths between 10 and 30% of its mass, this upper limit ranges between 16 and 836 fb. For most of the studied range, the results provide the best limits to date. This is the first search for single T quark production based on the full Run 2 data set of the LHC.BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (U.K.); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.).
Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science - EOS" - be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" - 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Lendulet ("Momentum") Program and the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2014/15/B/ST2/03998 and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, projects no. 14.W03.31.0026 and no. FSWW-2020-0008, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No.19-42-703014 (Russia); MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe", and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (Greece); the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.).Publisher versio
Improvement of the computational efficiency of metaheuristic algorithms for the crack detection of cantilever beams using hybrid methods
No full textThis study examines the capability of various optimization algorithms and proposes novel hybrid algorithms for more precise prediction of open-edge cracks in cantilever beams. The natural frequencies of the beam with a crack are obtained by modal analysis and experimentally validated by impact testing. The performance of Harris hawk optimization (HHO), electrostatic discharge algorithm (ESDA), pathfinder algorithm (PFA) and Henry gas solubility optimization (HGSO) algorithms from the literature is evaluated to determine the location and depth of an open-edge crack for an Euler-Bernoulli beam. Then, hybrid algorithms (HHO-NM, ESDA-NM and PF-NM) are proposed to improve the results of the aforementioned algorithms. Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid algorithms yield much more precise results with fewer function evaluations than the previously introduced algorithms and, therefore, have superior crack detection capability. Statistical post hoc analysis shows that the proposed hybrid algorithm can be considered a high-performance algorithm, which can significantly improve the efficiency of crack detection applications
Foton istatistiklerinin kuantum rastgele sayı üreticileri ve foton algılama verimliliği üzerindeki etkileri
No full textThe effects of photon statistics on different quantum applications are explained in this thesis. There are mainly two sections: the first section focuses on the randomly bunched and coherently bunched photons' continuous detection. The second section focuses on the anti-bunched single-photon behavior and its single-photon detection. Random numbers are essential resources in cryptography, simulation technologies, and finance. The intrinsic behavior of quantum mechanics makes quantum systems a perfect source of entropy. Quantum random number generation (QRNG) is one of the most preferred quantum technologies with many alternative generation methods. Therefore, among the different technologies in quantum random number generation from the primal applications based on radioactive decay to the multiple ways to use the quantum states of light to gather entropy from a quantum base I have chosen to use the vacuum fluctuation method. In the first part of the thesis, the photon statistics of thermal and coherent light sources and their scatterings are compared. The sources with super-Poissonian distribution are shown to have better randomness than the Poisson distribution. The optimal sampling rate is obtained when the under-sampling is set as two times the lag point for the minimum autocorrelation of the scattered signal. The use of scattering mechanisms as an entropy source increased the speed and shortened the post-processing procedure significantly, opening the way for higher-speed QRNG generation technologies. In the second part of the thesis, I introduce an entanglement-based sensing protocol that achieves a signal to noise ratio (SNR) improvement over the optimal classical scheme in a highly lossy and noisy environment that completely breaks the initial entanglement property. Under high noise conditions, which might occur from the devices used in the experiment or the imperfections sources from the open system of the setup the heralding loss will be high. It is observed that the detectors also show measurement errors, under the effect of high noise conditions and from the limitations caused by their timing jitters. The biased behavior of the detectors in near saturation conditions is supported by the cross-correlogram measurements. Emphasis was placed on the unreliability in the detections when exceeding its limitations. In such conditions, it is not possible to use the quantum advantage of the system without making any adjustments. With the application presented in this section, the result of quantum sensing clearly demonstrates that a quantum resource can be utilized beneficially even when its initial non-classical character is lost, knowing all its shortcomings and limitations.Foton istatistiklerinin farklı kuantum uygulamaları üzerindeki etkileri bu tezde açıklanmaktadır. Temel olarak iki bölüm vardır: Birinci bölüm rastgele demetlenmiş ve eşevreli demetlenmiş fotonların sürekli ölçümü üzerinedir. İkinci bölüm demetlenmemiş tek foton davranışına ve onun tek foton ölçümüne odaklanmaktadır. Rastgele sayılar kriptografide, simülasyon teknolojilerinde ve finansta temel kaynaklardır. Kuantum mekaniğinin içsel davranışı, kuantum sistemlerini mükemmel bir entropi kaynağı yapar. Kuantum rastgele sayı üretimi (KRSÜ), birçok alternatif üretim yöntemi ile en çok tercih edilen kuantum teknolojilerinden biridir. Bu nedenle, radyoaktif bozunmaya dayalı ilk uygulamalardan, kuantum tabanından entropi toplamak için ışığın kuantum durumlarını kullanmanın çoklu yollarına kadar olan kuantum rasgele sayı üretimindeki farklı teknolojiler arasından vakum dalgalanma yöntemini kullanmayı seçtim. Tezin bahsedilen birinci bölümünde termal ve koherent ışık kaynaklarının foton istatistikleri ve saçılmaları karşılaştırılmıştır. Süper Poisson dağılımına sahip kaynakların Poisson dağılımından daha iyi rastgeleliğe sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir. Optimum örnekleme oranı, yetersiz örnekleme, saçılan sinyalin minimum otokorelasyonu için gecikme noktasının iki katı olarak ayarlandığında elde edilir. Saçılma mekanizmalarının bir entropi kaynağı olarak kullanılması, hızı arttırdı ve son işlem prosedürünü önemli ölçüde kısalttı, daha yüksek hızlı KRSÜ üretim teknolojilerinin yolunu açtı. Tezin ikinci bölümünde başlangıçtaki dolaşıklık özelliğini tamamen kıran, oldukça kayıplı ve gürültülü bir ortamda optimal klasik şema üzerinde bir sinyal gürültü oranı (SNR) iyileştirmesi sağlayan dolaşıklık tabanlı bir algılama protokolünü tanıtıyorum. Deneyde kullanılan cihazlardan veya kurulumun açık sisteminden kaynaklanan kusur, kaynaklar oluşabilecek yüksek gürültü koşullarında haberci kaybı yüksek olacaktır. Buna bağlı olarak dedektörlerin ayrıca yüksek gürültü koşullarının etkisi altında ve zamanlama jitterlerinden kaynaklanan sınırlamalardan dolayı ölçüm hataları gösterdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Dedektörlerin doygunluğa yakın koşullarda yanıltıcı davranışı, çapraz korelasyon ölçümleriyle desteklenir. Doygunluk bölgesi ve doygunluk sınırları aşıldığında yanıltıcı ölçüm yapabilen bu cihazların güvenilmezliğene vurgu yapıldı. Bu gibi durumlarda herhangi bir düzenleme yapmadan sistemin kuantum avantajından yararlanmak mümkün olmadığı açıklandı. Bu bölümde sunulan özel teknikli kuantum algılama sistemi sonucu, bir kuantum kaynağının, tüm eksiklikleri ve sınırlamaları bilinerek başlangıçtaki klasik olmayan özelliği kaybolduğunda bile faydalı bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini açıkça gösterilmektedir
The protective role of early prosocial behaviours against young Turkish children’s later internalizing and externalizing problems
No full textThis study examined the protective roles of early prosocial behaviours (at age 4) on later internalizing and externalizing problems (at age 6) and to what extent emotion regulation skills (at age 5) mediated these longitudinal associations in children from Turkey. Participants were 293 Turkish preschool children (M-age = 49.01 months; 141 girls). Results showed that higher prosocial behaviours at age 4 were linked to higher emotion regulation at age 5, which, in turn, was linked to less internalizing problems at age 6. Additionally, prosocial behaviours at age 4 were negatively linked to emotional lability at age 5, which, in turn, was positively linked to externalizing problems at age 6. We also found that higher prosocial behaviours at age 4 were directly and negatively linked to both less internalizing and externalizing problems at age 6. These results were robust for boys and girls and children who lived in big and small cities. Overall, there was supportive evidence on the protective roles of earlier prosocial behaviours on later internalizing and externalizing problems. These findings extend existing models of risk and resilience to a sample of children from a non-Western, relatively collectivist-oriented culture and inform our understanding of these posited relations in young children.TÜBİTA
On a family of coupled diffusions that can never change their initial order
No full textWe introduce a real-valued family of interacting diffusions where their paths can meet but cannot cross each other in a way that would alter their initial order. Any given interacting pair is a solution to coupled stochastic differential equations with time-dependent coefficients satisfying certain regularity conditions with respect to each other. These coefficients explicitly determine whether these processes bounce away from each other or stick to one another if/when their paths collide. When all interacting diffusions in the system follow a martingale behaviour, and if all these paths ultimately come into collision, we show that the system reaches a random steady-state with zero fluctuation thereafter. We prove that in a special case when certain paths abide to a deterministic trend, the system reduces down to the topology of captive diffusions. We also show that square-root diffusions form a subclass of the proposed family of processes. Applications include order-driven interacting particle systems in physics, adhesive microbial dynamics in biology and risk-bounded quadratic optimization solutions in control theory.Publisher versio
1980ler ve 1990lar Türkiye sinemasında kültürel normların ayrım kuramı çerçevesinde yeme içme pratikleri üzerindeki işlevi
No full textFood consumption practices are one of the fields of study that have focused on the increasing interest in food since the 1980s with the effect of globalization. Expressing that food represents a lifestyle, status, and class belonging as a form of consumption, Bourdieu's theory of distinction has become a valuable method in the sociology of food. The focus of this thesis is on eating and drinking practices, which are one of the areas where changes have been effective since 1980, which was a turning point with the military coup that caused political changes and economic liberalization for Turkey. Within the scope of the thesis, which aims to use the films of the period as a data source, the phenomenon of food is evaluated within the framework of Bourdieu's theory of distinction. According to Metz, who applies the method of semiotics to film studies, although films are fictional works, they contain cultural codes in their narrative structure. In this direction, the texts and visual contents of the films of the period were analyzed with structuralist and semiotic methods. The scope of the thesis was extended until 2000 in order to evaluate the approaches that the effects of the 1980s on food habits became evident in the 1990s. Thus, Turkish films released in the 1980s and 1990s formed the research universe and were divided into two sample groups. In order to determine the valid results for the research period, the socio-political structure of Turkey before 1980 was examined and the factors affecting the eating and drinking habits were investigated. Afterward, the prominent scenes among the findings obtained from the films were grouped to determine the analysis titles. Within the help of the theoretical framework, the effects of modernization on table manners and dining etiquette, eating and drinking out practices, and alcohol consumption as a form of status representation were analyzed separately in two sample groups.Küreselleşmenin etkisiyle 1980’lerden itibaren yemek konusuna artan ilginin odaklandığı çalışma alanlarından biri yemek tüketim pratikleridir. Yemeğin bir tüketim biçimi olarak yaşam tarzını, statüyü ve sınıf aidiyetini temsil ettiğini ifade eden Bourdieu'nun ayrım kuramı yemek sosyolojisinde değerli bir yöntem haline gelmiştir. Bu tezin odak noktası Türkiye için gerek siyasal değişikliklere sebep olan askeri darbe gerek ekonomik liberalizasyon ile bir dönüm noktası olan 1980 yılı itibariyle gerçekleşen değişimlerin etkili olduğu alanlardan biri olan yeme içme pratikleridir. Yemek olgusuna Bourdieu’nün ayrım teorisi çerçevesinde yaklaşılan tez kapsamında, döneme ait olan filmlerin bir veri kaynağı olarak kullanılabilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Film çalışmalarına göstergebilim metodunu uygulayan Metz’e göre, filmler kurgusal eserler olmasına rağmen anlatı yapılarında kültürel kodlar barındırmaktadırlar. Bu doğrultuda dönemin filmlerinin metinleri ve görsel içerikleri yapısalcı ve göstergebilim metotlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. 1980li yıllarda yemek alışkanlıklarında ortaya çıkan etkilerin 1990lı yıllarda belirginleştiğine yönelik yaklaşımların değerlendirilebilmesi için tez kapsamı 2000 yılına kadar genişletilmiştir. Böylelikle, 1980'ler ve 1990’larda çekilmiş Türk filmleri araştırma evrenini oluşturmuş ve iki örneklem grubuna ayrılmıştır. Araştırma dönemine yönelik doğru sonuçların tespit edilebilmesi için 1980 öncesi Türkiye’sinin sosyo-politik yapısı ele alınarak yeme içme alışkanlıklarını etkileyen faktörler incelenmiştir. Devamında, analiz başlıklarının belirlenmesi için filmlerden elde edilen bulgular arasında öne çıkan sahneler ile gruplandırma yapılmıştır. Teori kapsamında modernleşmenin sofra adabına ve yeme-içme görgü kurallarına etkileri, dışarıda yeme içme pratikleri ve bir statü temsil biçimi olarak alkol tüketimi başlıkları iki örneklem grubunda karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir
Using Z boson events to study parton-medium interactions in Pb-Pb collisions
No full textThe spectra measurements of charged hadrons produced in the shower of a parton originating in the same hard scattering with a leptonically decaying Z boson are reported in lead-lead nuclei (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. Both Pb-Pb and pp data sets are recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 nb-1 and 320 pb-1, respectively. Hadronic collision data with one reconstructed Z boson candidate with the transverse momentum pT>30 GeV/c are analyzed. The Z boson constrains the initial energy and direction of the associated parton. In heavy ion events, azimuthal angular distributions of charged hadrons with respect to the direction of a Z boson are sensitive to modifications of the in-medium parton shower and medium response. compared to reference data from pp interactions, the results for central Pb-Pb collisions indicate a modification of the angular correlations. The measurements of the fragmentation functions and pT spectra of charged particles in Z boson events, which are sensitive to medium modifications of the parton shower longitudinal structure, are also reported. Significant modifications in central Pb-Pb events compared to the pp reference data are also found for these observables.BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).Publisher versio
Impact of global brand chief marketing officers’ corporate social responsibility and sociopolitical activism communication on twitter
No full textChief marketing officers (CMOs) engage with their stakeholders on social media platforms to create a digital impact. CMO communication on societal issues is understudied despite heightened global attention to brands’ social practices. This poses three research questions: (1) How central is corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sociopolitical activism in the communication of global brands’ CMOs?, (2) Does CMOs’ communication about CSR or sociopolitical activism have a digital impact?, and (3) How do brand origin (i.e., geographic location of headquarters) and CMO nationality (U.S. vs. non-U.S.) moderate the CSR/sociopolitical activism–digital communication impact? Drawing on expectancy violation theory, this research (Ntweets = 17,468 over NCMOs = 81) finds that CMOs rarely publish CSR or sociopolitical activism communication on Twitter (5.3% and 3.2%) and demonstrates a higher digital impact of retweets for CSR and a lower impact for sociopolitical activism tweets than regular communication. Furthermore, non-U.S. headquarters and CMO nationality strengthen the positive effect of CSR communication and weaken the negative effect of sociopolitical activism communication.Marketing Science Institut
A capacitated mobile facility location problem with mobile demand: Recurrent service provision to en route refugees
No full textIn this paper, we help humanitarian organizations provide service via mobile facilities (MFs) to migrating refugees, who attempt to cross international borders. Over a planning horizon, we aim to optimize number and routes and relocations of the MFs over a planning horizon. The problem is represented on a network where several refugee groups relocate in their predetermined paths throughout the periods. To incorporate continuity of service, each refugee group should be served at least once every fixed consecutive periods via capacitated MFs. We aim to minimize the total cost, consisting of fixed, service provision, and MF relocation costs, while ensuring the service continuity requirement. We formulate a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for this problem. We develop a matheuristic and an accelerated Benders decomposition algorithm as an exact solution method. The proposed model and solution methods are investigated over instances we extracted from the 2020 Honduras migration crisis.TÜBİTA
Measurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm quark in proton–proton collisions at √s=8TeV
No full textMeasurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm (c) quark in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8TeV are reported. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 19.7fb-1 collected by the CMS detector at the LHC. The W bosons are identified through their leptonic decays to an electron or a muon, and a neutrino. Charm quark jets are selected using distinctive signatures of charm hadron decays. The product of the cross section and branching fraction σ(pp → W + c + X) B(W → ℓν) , where ℓ= e or μ , and the cross section ratio σ(pp → W ++ c ¯ + X) / σ(pp → W -+ c + X) are measured in a fiducial volume and differentially as functions of the pseudorapidity and of the transverse momentum of the lepton from the W boson decay. The results are compared with theoretical predictions. The impact of these measurements on the determination of the strange quark distribution is assessed.BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Rachada-pisek Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science -EOS" - be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" - 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Lendulet ("Momentum") Programme and the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2014/15/B/ST2/03998 and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, projects no. 14.W03.31.0026 and no. FSWW-2020-0008, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No.19-42-703014 (Russia); MCIN/AEI/10.
13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe", and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 (Spain); the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (Greece); the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Publisher versio