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Yüksek katlı konutun dış cephe malzemeleri için karşılaştırmalı enerji simülasyonu: ısınma ve soğuma verimliliği analizi
No full textThe interest in building energy performance and efficiency has been increasing in the last decades. Although several studies on energy-efficient buildings exist in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) literature, none of them addressees the heating and cooling performance of high-rise building envelope materials. Such research would be a valuable guideline for the early decision-making process in energy-efficient high-rise building design. This study aims to (1) build up a knowledge base for exploring the optimal building envelope components based on the relevant aspects of energy performance to design energy-efficient high-rise buildings and (2) analyze and compare the effects of three different building envelope materials (i.e., reinforce concrete, timber wall, and curtain wall) on energy performance of a high-rise residential building. For this purpose, first, Cite Space, VoSViewer, and Gephi were used for building up a knowledge base in building energy performance. Then, various scenarios for evaluating the impact of envelope components (e.g., wall structure, window-to-wall ratio, and site orientation) were developed and analyzed. Efficient scenarios were opted for developing analyses in terms of floor, roof, and glazing type to decrease the heat loss/gain in the roof, floor, and glazing. Design Builder was utilized to design and model the case study building based in Istanbul, Turkey, and perform energy analysis for its heating and cooling efficiency by focusing on walls, roof, and ceiling (considering the building's orientation), window-to-wall ratio (WWR), and insulation. This research contributes to the AEC literature and industry by providing (1) detailed information about influential factors in heat loss/gain, (2) the factors to achieve energy efficiency and to decrease heating and cooling demand in high-rise buildings, (3) combinations for energy efficient building envelope materials, and (4) knowledge base for an efficient heating ventilation air conditioning system design for high-rise residential buildings. Accordingly, the results would be very useful for assisting professionals in the decision-making process of energy-efficient high-rise residential building design. Further, this study reveals promising topics in this scope for future research.Binaların enerji performansına ve verimliliğine yönelik ilgi son yıllarda artmaktadır. Mimarlık, mühendislik ve inşaat (AEC) literatüründe enerji verimli binalar üzerine çeşitli çalışmalar olmasına rağmen, bunların hiçbiri yüksek bina kabuğu malzemelerinin ısıtma ve soğutma performansını ele almamaktadır. Böyle bir araştırma, enerji verimli yüksek bina tasarımında erken karar verme süreci için değerli bir kılavuz olacaktır. Bu çalışma, (1) enerji verimli yüksek binalar tasarlamak için enerji performansının ilgili yönlerine dayalı optimal bina kabuğu bileşenlerini keşfetmek için bir bilgi tabanı oluşturmayı ve (2) yüksek katlı bir konut binasının üç farklı bina kabuğunun (yani, betonarme, ahşap duvar ve perde duvar) etkilerini enerji performansı üzerine malzemeler analiz etmeyi ve karşılaştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla, bina enerji performansında bir bilgi tabanı oluşturmak için ilk olarak Cite Space, VOSViewer ve Gephi kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra, zarf bileşenlerinin etkisini değerlendirmek için çeşitli senaryolar (ör. duvar yapısı, pencere-duvar oranı ve saha yönelimi) geliştirilmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Çatı, döşeme ve camdaki ısı kayıp/kazanımını azaltmak için zemin, çatı ve cam tipi bazında analizler geliştirmek için verimli senaryolar tercih edilmiştir. Design Builder, Istanbul, Turkiye'de olan vaka çalışması binasını tasarlamak ve modellemek ve duvarlara, çatıya ve tavana (binanın yönelimi dikkate alınarak), pencerenin duvara oranına odaklanarak binanın ısıtma ve soğutma verimliliği için enerji analizi yapmak amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma, (1) ısı kayıp/kazancındaki etkili faktörler, (2) yüksek binalarda enerji verimliliğini sağlayan ve ısıtma ve soğutma talebini azaltan faktörler, (3) enerji açısından verimli bina kaplama malzemeleri için kombinasyonlar ve (4) yüksek katlı konut binaları için verimli bir Isıtma Havalandırma Klima Sistemi tasarımı için bilgi tabanı hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi sağlayarak AEC literatürüne ve endüstrisine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Buna göre, sonuçlar, enerji verimli yüksek katlı konut bina tasarımının karar verme sürecinde profesyonellere yardımcı olmak için çok faydalı olacaktır. Ayrıca bu çalışma, gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalar için bu kapsamda umut vaat eden konuları ortaya koymaktadır
The digitalization of studio practices and its impact on the development of design literacy of first-year architecture students
No full textDigital skills are emphasized in the ongoing process of digital transformation in higher education. In this article, digital literacy is discussed within the broader perspective of design literacy and the acceleration of the digitalization process of first-year design education at the time of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020is highlighted. The article interrogates the role of digital skills in the develop-ment of designliteracyof first-year architecture students through a multiple case analysis of ARCH 101 design studio practices executed in the Bachelor of Architecture programmes at the Özyeğin University,Department of Architecture andtheMiddle East Technical University,Department of Architecture. The digitalization processesof ARCH 101 studiosincreased rapidly when the COVID-19 pandemic started and resulted in the integration of digital tools into basic design education in ways thattransformed(1) the communication modalities and the representation and research strategies used by students, and (2) the understanding and methodologiesof the design process when used as generative design toolsPublisher versio
A double-needle gold-silver electrodes continuous glucose monitoring device
No full textObjectives: Diabetes is a serious, long-term disease and the use of continuous glucose monitoring sensors can reduce reliance on other painful invasive blood testing methods such as the finger blood glucose test. According to our work, a low-cost continuous glucose sensor has been developed based on electrochemical measurement techniques. Materials: The sensor is based on a two needles system; a gold and a silver electrode are integrated into a circular shaped electronic printed circuit board (PCB). The sensing part is based on biological electrochemical measurements. Glucose oxidase (Gox) was used as the active sensing element and ferrocene (Fc) as a mediator. Simple and low-cost coating methods were used; these methods are self-assembled monolayers and deep coating. This will reduce the final cost of the sensor as no expensive technique was used. The electrical subsystem contains a low-noise and low-power trans-impedance front-end as well as a single-chip low-power Bluetooth microcontroller with a 12-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). Results: The sensor was tested in various concentrations of glucose. As a result of initial in vitro experiments, detailed analytical performance metrics are presented. The device has consistently shown a sensitivity of 3.059 mV/(mg/dl) reading with a linear range of 0-400 mg/dl. Conclusion: The proposed study shows promising results for glucose detection. Thus, this type of sensor can be used for different analyzes targeting biological applications after further investigations and analysis
Azimuthal correlations within exclusive dijets with large momentum transfer in photon-lead collisions
No full textThe structure of nucleons is multidimensional and depends on the transverse momenta, spatial geometry, and polarization of the constituent partons. Such a structure can be studied using high-energy photons produced in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions. The first measurement of the azimuthal angular correlations of exclusively produced events with two jets in photon-lead interactions at large momentum transfer is presented, a process that is considered to be sensitive to the underlying nuclear gluon polarization. This study uses a data sample of ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.38 nb - 1 , collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measured second harmonic of the correlation between the sum and difference of the two jet transverse momentum vectors is found to be positive, and rising, as the dijet transverse momentum increases. A well-tuned model that has been successful at describing a wide range of proton scattering data from the HERA experiments fails to describe the observed correlations, suggesting the presence of gluon polarization effects.BMBWF
and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq,
CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES
and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC
(China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF
(Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER,
ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC,
and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France);
BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece);
NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran);
SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of
Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM
(Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP,
and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE
(New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland);
FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI
(Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies
(Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA
(Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU
(Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.).Publisher versio
Search for a charged Higgs boson decaying into a heavy neutral Higgs boson and a W boson in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textA search for a charged Higgs boson H-+/- decaying into a heavy neutral Higgs boson H and a W boson is presented. The analysis targets the H decay into a pair of tau leptons with at least one of them decaying hadronically and with an additional electron or muon present in the event. The search is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment during 2016-2018 at root s = 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb(-1). The data are consistent with standard model background expectations. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for an H-+/- in the mass range of 300-700 GeV, assuming an H with a mass of 200 GeV. The observed limits range from 0.085 pb for an H-+/- mass of 300 Ge V to 0.019 pb for a mass of 700 GeV. These are the first limits on H +/- production in the H-+/- -> HW +/- decay channel at the LHC.The Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science -EOS" -be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" -390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe", and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B05F650021 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Publisher versio
Positioning new identities for appeal: Configurations of optimal distinctiveness amid ancestral identities
No full textThe theory of strategic balance argues that organizations that are neither too similar to nor too distinct from their rivals will be best positioned to meet competing demands for legitimacy and competition. This is because a similar identity to other organizations signals conformity, thus generating legitimacy, while adopting a distinctive identity through differentiation provides competitive advantage. Recent studies have noted that various combinations of conformity and differentiation tactics can achieve “optimal distinctiveness,” which, depending on the particular competitive landscape, may be low, moderate, or high. This study disentangles the effect of distinctiveness in a landscape from the effects of conformity to and differentiation from ancestral identities that serve as templates for new identities. Taking a configurational approach, we explore whether distinctiveness, proximity to an ancestral identity, hybridization of multiple ancestral identities, and vertical or horizontal differentiation are necessary or sufficient, alone or in combination, to generate appeal for new identities
Q-learning in regularized mean-field games
No full textIn this paper, we introduce a regularized mean-field game and study learning of this game under an infinite-horizon discounted reward function. Regularization is introduced by adding a strongly concave regularization function to the one-stage reward function in the classical mean-field game model. We establish a value iteration based learning algorithm to this regularized mean-field game using fitted Q-learning. The regularization term in general makes reinforcement learning algorithm more robust to the system components. Moreover, it enables us to establish error analysis of the learning algorithm without imposing restrictive convexity assumptions on the system components, which are needed in the absence of a regularization term.BAGEP Award of the Science Academ
Measurement of the differential t t ¯production cross section as a function of the jet mass and extraction of the top quark mass in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks
No full textA measurement of the jet mass distribution in hadronic decays of Lorentz-boosted top quarks is presented. The measurement is performed in the lepton + jets channel of top quark pair production (t t ¯) events, where the lepton is an electron or muon. The products of the hadronic top quark decay are reconstructed using a single large-radius jet with transverse momentum greater than 400 GeV . The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb-1 . The differential t t ¯ production cross section as a function of the jet mass is unfolded to the particle level and is used to extract the top quark mass. The jet mass scale is calibrated using the hadronic W boson decay within the large-radius jet. The uncertainties in the modelling of the final state radiation are reduced by studying angular correlations in the jet substructure. These developments lead to a significant increase in precision, and a top quark mass of 173.06±0.84GeV .BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (UnitedKingdom); DOE andNSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie doorWetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science -EOS" -be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science& Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; theMinistry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of theCzech Republic; the Hellenic Foundation forResearch and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" 390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; theHungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); theCouncil of Science and IndustrialResearch, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.
r 13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe", and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources& InstitutionalDevelopment, Research and Innovation, grant B05F650021 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; theNvidiaCorporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Publisher versio
Ricostruire Castelvecchio Calvisio (AQ) dove era e come sarebbe potuto essere
No full textThe paper illustrated the design experimentation we conducted during the two years of the pandemic, between 2020 and 2021 in Castelvecchio Calvisio. All of the work was done sitting in one's own chair at the Department of Architecture of our University a Istanbul. It is true that during our summer schools a group of people was in Castelvecchio Calvisio, but we planners have worked remotely. The group coordinated by Giorgio Verdiani, of the University of Florence, carried out a laser scanner survey in 2020 and a drone photogrammetric survey in 2021, of course
staying on site. Today, immersive technologies make it possible to do some very interesting things for the project, and we found out
during the pandemic. During the first edition of the summer school in 2020, with the group coordinated by me (The city and the houses,
Cathedra Gianfranco Caniggia) we set out to identify the evolutionary phases of the urban fabric and building types in the ancient part
of Castelvecchio Calvisio.Publisher versio
Yayin akışını geliştirmek için sunucu ve istemci tarafı algoritmaları
No full textHTTP adaptive video streaming is a technique widely used on the internet today to stream live and on-demand content. Server and client-side algorithms play an important role in improving user experience in terms of metrics such as latency, rebufferings and rendering quality. After explaining the commonly used metrics, we analyzed four main aspects of video streaming (i) bandwidth prediction accuracy, (ii) utilization of playback speed, (iii) adaptive streaming for content-aware-encoded videos, and (iv) head motion awareness for 360-degree videos. 360-degree video streaming requires much higher bandwidth compared to conventional video streaming. We demonstrate that most of the algorithmic improvements achieved for video streaming can also be applied to Viewport Dependent Streaming (VDS) for 360-degree videos. It is also important that in 360-degree video streaming, we have a Head Mounted Display (HMD) device that is capable of pointing the viewport orientation of the user. We also investigate and improve the rate-adaptation algorithms for 360-degree videos by developing several new algorithms making use of the HMD. The new algorithms proposed in this thesis are Low-on-Latency (LoL), Low-on-Latency+ (LoL+), Bang-on-Bandwidth (BoB), Size-aware Rate Adaptation (SARA), Content-aware Playback Speed Control (CAPSC), Head-motion-aware Viewport Margins (HMAVM).We evaluate the proposed new algorithms using the objective metrics discussed in detail and show significant contributions for these new algorithms including up to 91% decrease in rebuffering duration for on-demand streaming, 61.9% decrease in rebuffering duration and 8.1% decrease in latency compared to L2A for low-latency live streaming, 81.3% bandwidth prediction accuracy for interactive streaming, lastly 20% improvement in viewport quality and 50% reduction in motion-to-high-quality delay for 360-degree video streaming.HAS (HTTP adaptive streaming) günümüzde internet üzerinde canlı ve isteğe bağlı içerikleri yayınlamak için oldukça yaygın kullanılan bir tekniktir. Sunucu ve istemci tarafında geliştirilen algoritmalar kullanıcı deneyimini gecikme, donma ve seyir kalitesi metriklerine göre daha iyileştimek için önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Genel olarak kullanılan metrikleri açıkladıktan sonra, video yayınını dört ana kategori altında analiz ettik (i) bant genişliği tahmini doğruluğu, (ii) oynatma hızının ayarlanması, (iii) içeriğe duyarlı kodlanmış videolar için uyarlanabilir yayın, ve (iv) 360-derece videolar için kafa hareketi duyarlılığı. 360-derece video yayımı, geleneksel yayınlara göre çok daha fazla bant genişliğine ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu çalışmada video yayınları için geçerli olan çoğu algoritma iyileştirmelerinin 360-derece VDS (Viewport Dependent Streaming) yayınlarında da kullanılabileceğini gösteriyoruz. 360-derece video yayınında HMD (Head Mounted Display) olarak bilinen bir aparat ile kullanıcının nereye baktığının bilgisini tespit etmek mümkün olmaktadır. Ayrıca, HMD cihazını kullanan yeni algoritmalar geliştirmek suretiyle 360-derece videolar için hız uyarlama algoritmalarını inceliyor ve iyileştiriyoruz. Bu tezde geliştirdiğimiz yeni algoritmalar şu şekildedir; Low-on-Latency (LoL), Low-on-Latency+ (LoL+), Bang-on-Bandwidth (BoB), Size-Aware Rate Adaptation (SARA), Content-Aware Playback Speed Control (CAPSC), Head-Motion-Aware Viewport Margins (HMAVM). Geliştirilen bu yeni algoritmaları detaylıca açıklanan objektif metrikleri kullanarak değerlendiriyoruz ve bu yeni algoritmaların, isteğe bağlı akış için donma süresinde %91'e varan azalma, düşük gecikmeli canlı yayın için L2A algorıtmasına kıyasla donma süresinde %61.9 azalma ve gecikme süresinde %8.1'e varan azalma, interaktif yayında %81.3 bant genişliği tahmin doğruluğu, son olarak 360-derece video akışında görüntü alanı kalitesinde %20 iyileşme ve hareketten yüksek kaliteye gecikme süresinde %50 azalma dahil olmak üzere kayda değer katkılarını gösteriyoruz