Australian International Academic Centre: AIAC Journals
Not a member yet
4124 research outputs found
Sort by
The Link between Authentic Leadership and Affective Commitment to Change: Teacher Psychological Capital as a Mediating Role in East Hararghe, Oromia, Ethiopia
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the link between authentic leadership practices and teachers' affective commitment to change, with psychological capital serving as a mediator. A quantitative research approach was used. The study employed a descriptive survey design to achieve this objective. Out of a total population of 1386 teachers in 22 schools, a sample size of 302 teachers was chosen through systematic random sampling. Questionnaires were employed as data collection tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, which included percentages, means, tables, pie charts, and correlations. The results showed that teachers perceived school leaders as exhibiting a moderate level of authentic leadership. The findings also indicated that the authentic leadership practices of secondary school leaders had a strong and positive connection with teachers' emotional commitment to change. Additionally, a statistically significant link was found between authentic leadership practices and teachers' affective commitment to change. Teachers’ psychological capital acts as a key mediator in the link between authentic leadership practices and teachers' emotional commitment to change. In conclusion, the study shows a positive link between authentic leadership and teachers' emotional commitment to change in secondary schools, with psychological capital playing a key role. It was recommended that authentic leadership practices be integrated into the evaluation and professional development of school leaders to promote ongoing improvement. Educational policies should focus on developing these skills among secondary school leaders, emphasizing self-awareness and emotional regulation, while also boosting teachers' psychological capital to strengthen their commitment to change
Relationship between Physical Activity Levels, Lower Limb Muscle Strength, and Aerobic Capacity in Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Full text linkBackground: Due to their frequent inactivity, children with intellectual disabilities are more likely to be obese and experience other health problems. Early evaluations of physical activity can lower health risks and increase activity levels. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate physical activity levels and determine their relationship with lower limb muscle strength and aerobic capacity in school students with intellectual disability. Methods: Fifteen female school students (12.4 ± 2.1 years) with intellectual disabilities were recruited purposively in this descriptive cross-sectional study. Physical Activity (PA), lower limb muscle strength, and Aerobic Capacity were assessed during regular school days using a triaxial accelerometer, countermovement vertical jump (CMJ - FCMJ) tests, and the 6-minute walk test, respectively. Results: Physical activity level was generally low (22 min/day of combined MPA and VPA), while the inactivity level was high (8 hours, 45 minutes/day). Inactivity or sedentary behavior (SB) significantly decreases lower limb muscular strength (CMJ, r = -0.559 and FCMJ, r = -0.609). However, muscular strength is significantly increased by light PA (CMJ, r = 0.411 and FCMJ, r = 0.475), moderate PA (CMJ, r = 0.411 and FCMJ, r = 0.449), and vigorous PA (CMJ, r = 0.699 and FCMJ, r = 0.666). Results also showed that the longer the daily vigorous activity was, the higher the aerobic capacity would be (r = 0.890). Conclusion: Adopting programs to improve lifestyle and physical activity for children with intellectual disabilities is crucial. Research should include larger and diverse samples and track activity over weekends
Yogic Practices for Modulating Hematological Indices and Inflammatory Markers: A Non-Pharmacological Approach
Full text linkBackground: Hematological parameters are essential for physiological homeostasis. While yogic practice benefits mental and physical health, its direct impact on blood composition remains underexplored, especially in young adults. Purpose: This study examined the effects of a twelve-week structured yogic intervention on hematological parameters, including haemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count, total white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets, in college students. Methods: Twenty-four male students (ages 17–22) from Shyampahari Government Primary Teacher Training Institute, India, were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 12) practicing yoga (1 hour/day, 6 days/week) or a control group (n = 12) maintaining regular activities. Blood samples were analyzed pre- and post-intervention using the fully automatic Tulip Coralzer Smart 200 hematology analyzer. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (Version 25) at α = 0.05. Descriptive statistics, paired and independent t-tests were analyzed within- and between-group differences. Results: The experimental group showed significant increases in haemoglobin (p =.038), monocyte count (p =.014), and platelet count (p =.049), suggesting improved oxygen transport, immune function, and hemostatic regulation. Significant reductions in WBC count (p =.005) and lymphocyte count (p =.047) indicate a potential decrease in systemic inflammation. RBC count, neutrophils, and eosinophils showed no significant changes (p 0.05). The control group exhibited no significant changes in any hematological parameters. Conclusion: A structured yogic intervention positively influenced hematological parameters, supporting its role as a non-pharmacological strategy for enhancing immune function and reducing inflammation in college students
Pilot Study: Impact of Plyometric Training on Goalkeepers’ Ball-Blocking Performance in Football Penalty Situations
Full text linkBackground: Developing Goalkeeper’s performance is imperative to defence the goal. As the Football match’s nature needs implementning the skill with strength, and speed. so, the Goalkeeper demands special physical abilities that enabling him the ball blocking skill masterly. Objetive: The study aimed to identify the effect of developing some special physical abilities on the goalkeeper’s performance level while blocking executed balls from the penalty mark in football using plyometric training. Methodology: The experimental approach (continuous training that divided into two phases: General preparation, and Special preparation stage) was adopted for one experimental group by pre/post-measurements. The research sample was deliberately chosen from the goalkeepers of “Al-Talaba Club” football club youth who regularly train in Baghdad University stadium. The proposed training program was applied using plyometric training at three units per week for two months during the preparation period for the season (2021-2022). Physical tests (speed, lateral and frontal flexibility, strength characterized by speed, explosive power, and ability) were conducted. While skill performance tests included (ball blocking skill executed from the penalty mark directed towards the upper corners of the goal). Results: The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of 0.05 between the pre and post measurements in favor of the post-measurement in both physical and skill measurements and tests (under research), Conclusion: The training program achieved a positive impact of on the development of the physical abilities of football goalkeepers, due to the employment of plyometric training within the framework of a rationed training program
Exploring the Learning Effect of the 6-minute Walk Test in Patients with Arterial Hypertension
Full text linkBackground: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is widely used for assessing functional capacity in various clinical populations. However, the presence and extent of a learning effect in hypertensive patients remain insufficiently explored, particularly in Moroccan populations. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the learning effect in the 6MWT among hypertensive patients and to identify potential predictors influencing performance variation across repeated tests. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which 90 hypertensive patients completed three consecutive 6MWTs on the same day, with a 30-minute rest period between each trial. The distance walked was measured in meters during each test, while heart rate, blood pressure, and perceived exertion (Borg scale) were recorded before and after each test. Effect sizes were calculated to assess the magnitude of performance changes. Regression analyses were performed to explore potential predictors of the learning effect. Results: A significant improvement in walking distance was observed between the first and second trials (5.11% increase; Cohen’s d = -1.57; p 0.001), with no further significant changes between the second and third trials (Cohen’s d = 0.15; p = 0.152). The Kruskal-Wallis test analysis revealed that baseline walking distance significantly influenced the learning effect (p 0.001, η² ≈ 0.210). Among all variables examined, baseline walking distance emerged as the only significant predictor, with participants who walked less than 300 meters during the first 6MWT trial exhibiting a markedly smaller improvement between trials compared to those with higher initial performance. No significant associations were found with other clinical or demographic factors (p for gender = 0.501; p for weight = 0.334; p for height = 0.387; p for BMI = 0.524; p for physical activity = 0.966). Conclusion: The results demonstrate a clear learning effect in hypertensive patients performing the 6MWT, stabilizing after the second trial. These findings underscore the importance of conducting at least two 6MWTs to accurately assess this population’s functional capacity. Repeated trials in routine practice may help avoid underestimating patients’ true exercise tolerance, thereby aiding more tailored rehabilitation planning
Preservation and Transmission of Jinqian Ban in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
Full text linkThis study focused on the preservation and transmission of Jinqian Ban in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. The study employed a qualitative research method, which involved conducting interviews and making observations. Furthermore, it used ethnomusicology theory. The study results are as follows: The preservation of Jinqian Ban involves systematic documentation of its repertoire, institutional support, and recognition of its practitioners. Efforts include recording songs, archiving performances, and providing platforms for musicians through governmental and community initiatives. Transmission strategies emphasize education, with Jinqian Ban incorporated into school curricula and university programs to engage younger generations. Collaboration between expert inheritors and music educators ensures the continuity of traditional teaching methods, while school-based activities cultivate a broader base of practitioners and enthusiasts. Publicity efforts, including competitions, exhibitions, and digital media, enhance the visibility and appeal of Jinqian Ban. Additionally, integrating the art with local tourism highlights its cultural heritage, offering new opportunities for performers and expanding its audience. This research underscores the importance of a collaborative, multifaceted approach in preserving and transmitting Jinqian Ban, ensuring its relevance in contemporary contexts while maintaining its authenticity. Through these efforts, Jinqian Ban continues to thrive as a symbol of Sichuan’s rich cultural legacy
The Course Design of “Movement and Myofascial Chain” Improves the Level of Exercise Rehabilitation of Medical Students
Full text linkAs the central theme of The Times, innovation has put forward new requirements for the development of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Through investigation, it was found that as an emerging theory, the course development of motor fasciology was in a blank state. This study analyzed the current situation and influencing factors of motor fasciology of undergraduates in a medical college by questionnaire survey. To design the basic theoretical framework of curriculum design based on Taylor’s goal model, choose the teaching content, method, and teaching evaluation of constructivism learning theory, combined with the six steps of medical curriculum design, the standard design of “sports and muscular chain” course in medical college was carried out, including the nature and objectives of the course, teaching content, teaching method, school allocation, and teaching evaluation. Expert consultation was used to demonstrate the critical elements of the course, and finally, the curriculum standards of movement and myofascial chain for medical students were determined. The educational experiment scheme was used to evaluate the effect of the curriculum. The effect of the exercise and myofascial chain curriculum standards was evaluated through a mixed research design combining quantitative and qualitative research, and an experimental evaluation tool was developed. The changes in exercise rehabilitation knowledge and skills based on exercise and the myofascial chain were analyzed before and after the course. Semi-structured personal interviews were conducted to understand the gains and changes in course learning and the evaluation and suggestions for the course. The Movement and Myofascial Chain courses can change students’ cognition of exercise rehabilitation, improve students’ ability to deal with sports injuries, and broaden students’ horizons, enhancing physical literacy by deepening medical students’ understanding of exercise rehabilitation, equipping them with practical skills to address sports injuries, and broadening their perspectives on integrated healthcare practices in both Chinese and Western medicine
Musical Literacy in the Historical Development of the Chinese Pipa in Beijing
Full text linkThe pipa, a traditional plucked string instrument with over two millennia of history, embodies China’s cultural heritage and artistic values. This study investigates musical literacy in the historical development of the Chinese pipa in Beijing. As a political and cultural hub in Beijing, the pipa has undergone transformative changes in its pedagogy, performance practices, and cultural significance. Employing a qualitative research design, the study investigates how musical literacy has adapted to societal, political, and technological shifts. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four expert informants, participant observations of performances and educational practices, and archival analysis of historical documents and music scores. Findings reveal that the pipa’s literacy has expanded from oral traditions to formalized education, cross-cultural collaborations, and technological innovations. Key phases, including the post-1949 reconstruction era, the Reform and Opening-Up period, and the contemporary globalized era, highlight the interplay between tradition and modernity. The research underscores the pipa’s role as a cultural symbol, adapting to changing contexts while preserving its heritage. Suggestions for future research include comparative studies with other instruments, youth engagement strategies, and the use of emerging technologies in pipa education. This study contributes to ethnomusicology and music education by demonstrating the enduring relevance of musical literacy in cultural preservation and innovation
Development of Colleges Basketball Skills and Refereeing Curriculum to Enhance Student’s Learning Outcome
Full text linkThis research aims to determine the learning effectiveness of offering basketball skills and a referee curriculum for college students. Studying basketball rules helps students practice standardized technical movements and understand the characteristics of basketball technology. While also assisting in the improvement of referee ability. Through purposeful sampling, reference materials, interviews, data collection, experimental design, on-site teaching, and result analysis, the research subjects are students of the 2022 basketball curriculum at Xinxiang Medical University in China. A total of 60 students were selected from 2 classes. The results are: (1) Fundamental data and information were investigated to develop a curriculum aimed at improving students’ basketball skills and refereeing abilities. (2) The basketball skills and refereeing curriculum was effectively promoted, enriching students’ opportunities to acquire advanced knowledge and practical skills in basketball. This curriculum served as an innovative approach to enhancing the construction of college education and teaching systems. (3) The learning outcomes of students’ basketball skills and refereeing abilities were systematically evaluated after the implementation of the curriculum, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving the desired educational objectives. This research is significant in advancing physical literacy by developing a comprehensive basketball skills and referee curriculum that enhances students’ technical competence, understanding of standardized movements, and referee skills. This will ultimately foster a lifelong engagement in physical activity and sportsmanship among college students
Educational Management Strategies Development for Improving Students’ Sustainable Learning Ability in Higher Vocational Colleges in Guangdong Province
Full text linkThis study explored strategies to enhance sustainable learning ability among students in higher vocational colleges in Guangdong Province. The research objectives were threefold: (1) to examine the current and expected situations of students’ sustainable learning ability, (2) to develop educational management strategies to improve the students’ sustainable learning ability, and (3) to explore the adaptability and feasibility of the educational management strategies to improve the students’ sustainable learning ability. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 384 students selected via multi-stage random sampling and analyzed using statistical tools, including the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNIModified), as well as qualitative methods like content analysis and expert evaluations. Findings highlighted three key components influencing sustainable learning: school environment, teacher, and student factors. The following results were obtained: (1) the current situation was rated as high (M=3.69), with the school environment scoring highest (M=3.77). Conversely, the expected situation was rated very high (M=4.52), revealing significant gaps in student factors (PNIModified=0.24) and teacher factors (PNIModified=0.23), identified as critical areas for development, (2) the development of educational management strategies was formulated across 8 aspects, encompassing 49 supporting projects, and (3) expert evaluations indicated the strategies had extremely high feasibility (M=4.71) and adaptability (M=4.59), underscoring their practical applicability