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Book Signing
Get PDFYou\u27re invited to the book signing of: My First Best Cousin Friend.
Written and Illustrated by Lynn C. Pag
Introduction to Re-Imagining “We the People Part Two: Transcripts from the AAJ Education’s Civil Rights and Police Misconduct Litigation Seminar
Get PDFWith this issue of The Bridge, we continue the discussions raised in our Spring 2021 issue: Police Misconduct & Qualified Immunity: Reimagining We the People”, Vol.6, Issue 1. That issue shared the transcription of the virtual national conference by the same name, and featured an esteemed group of experts who discussed the state of racial unrest in this country, historically and currently. To promote further dialogue and support those who work to establish stronger protections against the use and misuse of police violence, we herein highlight several key sessions featured at the recent American Association for Justice Civil Rights and Police Misconduct Litigation Seminar, which illuminate the issues and opportunities that those who litigate or in other ways pursue the civil rights agenda might strengthen their arsenal to move change forward
Hepatoenteric recycling is a new disposition mechanism for orally administered phenolic drugs and phytochemicals in rats
Get PDFMany orally administered phenolic drugs undergo enterohepatic recycling (EHR), presumably mediated by the hepatic phase II enzymes. However, the disposition of extrahepatically generated phase II metabolites is unclear. This paper aims to determine the new roles of liver and intestine in the disposition of oral phenolics. Sixteen representative phenolics were tested using direct portal vein infusion and/or intestinal perfusion. The results showed that certain glucuronides were efficiently recycled by liver. OATP1B1/1B3/2B1 were the responsible uptake transporters. Hepatic uptake is the rate-limiting step in hepatic recycling. Our findings showed that the disposition of many oral phenolics is mediated by intestinal glucuronidation and hepatic recycling. A new disposition mechanism ‘Hepatoenteric Recycling (HER)”, where intestine is the metabolic organ and liver is the recycling organ, was revealed. Further investigations focusing on HER should help interpret how intestinal aliments or co-administered drugs that alter gut enzymes (e.g. UGTs) expression/activities will impact the disposition of phenolics
Learning the Chain Fountain in Steady State Motion
Get PDFA chain of metallic balls or spheres leaps over and above the rim of a container in which it rests tracing a path like a fountain when one end of the chain is given a push towards the ground. This interesting phenomenon was discovered by Steve Mould to describe at atomic level what happens to the molecules in a self-siphoning fluid. However, to his surprise, the chain of beads did not flow over the rim of the container as the self-siphoning fluid did.
But why does this chain do this and what forces cause this fountain? Propositions for the origin of the force that cause of this fountain motion have been presented by Dr. Biggins and Dr. Warner as well as Rogério Martins. Analysis and study of the motion of the chain as it traces this fountain path will help towards the understanding of the origin and nature of this force that leads to the leap into a fountain.
The experiment shall be carried out, and the motion filmed to assist in the study and analysis of this rather interesting effect and the data collected and plots made. Different arrangements of the chain will be attempted, and computer simulation of the motion will assist in the understanding and learning of this entertaining Mould Effect.
It is my objective that at the end of the process – from reviewing previously published literature, undertaking of the experiment with different data collection methods, calculation and simulation – a good understanding of the chain fountain shall be better grasped and appreciated
The Bombay Blood Group: How Does it Fit in the Human Blood Group
Get PDFThe Bombay blood phenotype is one of the rarest ABO blood group. It is autosomal recessive allele and occurs due to a point mutation in the FUT1gene on chromosome 19. The H gene synthesizes the H antigen which is located on the red blood cells (RBCs). This thesis analyzes the Bombay phenotype, more specifically how it fits in the human blood group. It questions whether the differences between the Bombay phenotype and the ABO blood group affects its place as an actual blood group. The goal of this study is to increase the amount of knowledge regarding the Bombay phenotype and the human blood group system
Why So Negative? Street Literature and Its Negative Effects On The African American Psyche
Get PDFUrban literature, more widely known as street lit is a genre of literature that glorifies and exaggerates drugs, violence, and sex in the lives of its African American characters. Through Street lit readers are introduced to the black man as a figure of power through illegal activity in his community, and black women as either overly aggressive or figures in need of protection. These novels choose loyalty over family, drugs, and athleticism over education, and money and power over morality. These novels and their glorifications cause African American people to see dream lives in goals that are not only unattainable but also morally incongruent with the vision of African American life that African Americans want to project. Instead of aiming to show that African Americans are not the aggressive and dangerous people that society believes them to be, these novels instead portray the lives of these characters as somewhat desirable. This emphasizes making “fast money”. This turns the characters away from legal employment until a business can be introduced to clean the money, such is the case in The Cartel trilogy. This lifestyle that the characters live invites readers to sympathize with literal criminals because of the glorification of their profession and home lives. This paper aims to show the way that Street Lit glorifies negative tropes of African American people and makes them seem desirable despite the lack of a moral compass in its characters
Microbial Assessment of Water Samples in Houston, Texas
Get PDFHouston watersheds and air ecosystems are susceptible to microbial contamination and chemical contaminations from bordering industrial facilities. We sought to evaluate bacterial loads in various Houston bayous, and settled indoor household dust, and isolate pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria for characterization. Isolates included Klebsiella aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The specific objectives of the study are (1) Determine bacterial loads and Pb toxicant levels in Houston area watersheds and indoor dust samples; (2) Identify down selected bacterial isolates from environmental samples using ribotyping 16S ribosome RNA and BIOLOG MicroStation identification; (3) Compare environmentally and reference Klebsiella spp. for growth rate, kinetic activity, biofilm production, oxidative stress resistance, and eukaryotic co-culture system. All 17 down-selected colony isolates (including 6 Gram-positive isolates) were identified (using ribotyping and BLAST analysis) and included three human enteric pathogens: K. pneumoniae, K. aerogenes, and Serratia marcescens. We characterized the Mustang Bayou K. pneumoniae and Dickinson Bayou K. aerogenes as pathogenic isolates for all downstream applications. To determine whether exposure to metal contaminants found in Houston watersheds promoted adaptations in the environmental isolates, both the environmental and reference strains were exposed to various Pb concentrations. Pb levels were elevated in bayou water samples exceeding THH criteria of 1.15 ppb and approaching the actionable levels of 15 parts per billion (ppb) limits on drinking water. Only the 50 ppb Pb challenge significantly slowed bacterial growth for all four strains evaluated, while the K. pneumoniae environmental isolate appeared less sensitive to Pb exposure than its reference strain. We exhibited increased resistance to antibiotic chemotherapeutics: ampicillin, gentamicin, streptomycin, penicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Interestingly, Environmental Stains Klebsiella spp. Isolates were slightly more resistant to gentamycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline than their reference strains. For our Biofilm formation, when comparing our K. pneumoniae environmental isolate to the reference strain, there were significantly higher biofilm levels produced by the ecological isolate when challenged with Pb concentrations of 10 and 50 ppb. Determine the effects of Pb- dose-dependent exposure on eukaryotic primary lung Beas-2B and CCD 841 gut cells. We found Pb dose-dependent exposure elicits cytotoxic effects on epithelial lung and gut cells and induces apoptosis measured at 3-, 6-, and 12-hours exposure periods. The cytotoxicity increased at high Pb concentrations level and generated apoptosis effects on Beas-2B, CCD 841 were recorded up to 80% and 60%, respectively, at 12 hours exposure time. When grown in eukaryotic cell co-culture with Beas-2B lung cells and CCD841 gut primary cells in the presence of 20 ppb Pb, Conversely, the K. pneumoniae environmental isolate had a significantly higher fold-increase over 6 hr. in a BAES 2B co-culture than its surrogate counterpart—Taken together, the environmentally isolated Klebsiella spp. Appeared to be more Pb-tolerant than their respective reference strains, a possible environmental adaptation. Such enhanced tolerance can promote environmental persistence and increase the possibility of causing human disease. Keywords: environmental isolate, eukaryotic co-culture, lung, and gut infectio
Green Criminology and Environmental Justice: An Exploratory Analysis of Oil Spills in North America.
Get PDFThe underlying principle of green criminology is understanding environmental harms from a criminological lens, a variation from mainstream criminology\u27s focus on street crimes. Environmental harms and contamination, such as oil spills, remain a growing concern for nations especially disadvantaged communities (low-income and communities of color). This dissertation analyzed the environmental pollution of 3 oil spills in North America to ascertain their impact on disadvantaged communities. This was achieved through secondary research inquiry using a case study analysis. This dissertation also highlighted the impact of forensic science and environmental forensics in oil spill cases. Using an independent sample t-test, this dissertation investigated the occurrence of lung cancer in minority and nonminority communities for the 3 oil spill cases. The results indicated a significant difference between lung cancer cases in 4 out of 13 counties indicating the presence of “unintentional environmental racism” (inadvertent discharge of oil spills leading to environmental racism) coined by this dissertation. Furthermore, this dissertation compared cleanup timelines and compensation structure in minority and nonminority communities but found no indication of environmental racism. Being the first of its kind, this dissertation contributes to the body of green criminology by creating awareness through its analysis of the negative impact of environmental pollution (oil spills) in disadvantaged communities. This dissertation also promotes the adoption of sustainable policies and the transition to renewable energy sources to help disadvantaged communities. It underscores the importance of environmental protection efforts by green criminologists to help disadvantaged communities in the fight for environmental justice