Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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Inclusive Education in Government Primary Schools: Teacher Perceptions
Get PDFThe perceptions of primary school teachers towards inclusive education was investigated in mainstream government schools of Islamabad capital territory where inclusive education was being supported by Sight savers and other international organizations. The study was carried out involving 54 teachers in six randomly selected primary schools. The sampled group comprised both, teachers trained in inclusive education and teachers working in same schools, but not trained in inclusive education. Purposive sampling method was used to select the teachers. Structured questionnaire (Likert Scale) and structured interview method was used for data collection. The results of the study revealed that inclusive education is considered to be a desirable practice. The teachers believed that all learners regardless of their disabilities should be in regular classrooms and they showed more favorable attitude towards children with mild disabilities, but were not very optimistic about children with severe disabilities. The study also recognized teachers’ capacity as an essential component of inclusive education and recommends that inclusive education should be a part of pre and in-service teacher education
Importance of Intrinsic and Instrumental Value of Education in Pakistan
Get PDFNormally, effectiveness of any object or thing is judged by two values; intrinsic and instrumental. To compare intrinsic value of education with instrumental value, this study has used the following variables: getting knowledge for its own sake, getting knowledge for social status, getting knowledge for job or business endeavor and getting knowledge for both purposes, which is for its own sake and also for job, business or status. For this research quantitative method was used and a questionnaire was deployed to collect responses from 465 bachelor degree students from all over Pakistan (combining all provinces including Gilgit & AJK). It was found that the students gave mixed responses of acknowledging both values of education during the survey. The research has significant relationship between each of its independent and dependent variables, although the strength of those relationships was weak in nature. However, 60% of the respondents when asked whether they will get their first or bachelor’s degree even if there is no instrumental value attached with it, responded in affirmative. This concludes that bachelor degree students in Pakistan give more value to intrinsic nature of education than its instrumental value
Requirement Correctness Problems and Strategies for Web Applications
Get PDFCorrectness means that application planned tasks as defined by its specification. Thisresearch paper conversing that if poor requirements are not executed in the applicationthere is some difficult existing in the application. Some other resembling problems likeambiguous requirements and inappropriate constraints also exist in the application. Forthese problems some solution techniques provided like documentation, verifyingtechniques of requirements, and use case of completeness validation
Peer Mentoring: Exploring the Impact on the Learning Culture of a Business Institute in Pakistan
Get PDFUniversity education is a new transition from school to undergraduate programs for underprivileged students. Recruiting students from rural areas of Pakistan challenge teachers to teach at a Higher Education while teaching underprivileged students struggling for a better future. The aim of this paper was to introduce peer mentoring between the Business and Professional Speech (BPS) students and the freshmen. The researcher being course faculty of both the Business and Professional Speech and Foundation English students undertook the experiential learning project. The initiative for the project was to explore the impact of peer mentoring on the learning culture of a Business Institute in Pakistan, subsequently, highlighting the skills of lifelong learners in the 21st century of global citizenship. The aim of this paper was also to investigate the strength of mentors in keeping the course objectives aligning with students’ interpersonal, intrapersonal and public communication abilities, at developing students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Kolb’s experiential learning model (1984) was implemented to carry out the project; whilst, students direct data of interviews, video clips, pictures, questionnaires and documents were used to validate the research. Findings demonstrate the benef icial impact on the cyclical learning between the faculty, BPS and freshmen in terms of their improved results, retention of reading tasks and exposure to the real-life challenges of the diverse groups at the university. Peer mentoring could be the possibility of bringing about a change in society if introduced at universities in Pakistan
Home Bound Working Women and Organizational Efficiency of Developing Economy
Get PDFThis research aims to understand the preferences of educated unemployed womenof Pakistan and India on the imposition of the law of “Flex time/rules for homebound educated women”. For this purpose, 158 respondents were asked to f illa survey out of which 79 respondents were educated employed women and 79respondents were unemployed women (79). Chi-square was applied to the data.Findings suggest that 94% of the women from both the groups are of the viewthat an introduction of women quota would result in an increase in women par-ticipation in the workforce. To understand management’s perspective, 6 inter-views with HR heads of selective industries were conducted. Narrative Analysiswas applied which revealed only 10 to 20% women participated in the totalworkforce. The study also highlights reasons for low women participation. Theseinclude cultural norms, maternal issues, maternity problems, after marriage re-strictions and childbirth. The study concludes that introducing an introductionof women quota in both public and private sectors would help increase womenparticipation and contribution to the country’s economy
TESTING THE VALIDITY OF WAGNER’S LAW IN PAKISTAN: AN APPLICATION OF ARDL COINTEGRATION TECHNIQUE
Get PDF This study examines the validity of Wagner’s law by employingthe ARDL cointegration technique for the period 1976 to 2013 inPakistan.This study also checks the causality between government expenditureand real gross domestic product (RGDP) by applying Engle Granger approach. The results show that the Wagner’s law holds in Pakistan. The other main determinants of expenditure are trade openness, exchange rate and financial development. ECM coefficient is negative and statistically significant showing that short run dynamics converge towards equilibrium. The results of causality depict that there is unidirectional causality that runs from growth to expenditure, and not from public expenditure to growth. The policy implications of these results are that the government should be careful about its spending in future because the continuous increase in publicexpenditure can lead to further worsening of the budget deficit
ANTECEDENTS OF ATTITUDE TOWARD COUNTERFEIT WRIST WATCHES
Get PDFThis study aims to identify factors shaping attitude towardcounterfeit products and their relative influence on attitude formation. This involves 200 potential and actual consumers of counterfeit products in an explanatory research. Antecedents of attitude toward counterfeit purchases extracted from literature review are Price-Quality Inference, Subjective Norms, Past Experience, Risk Aversion and Personal Gratification. Multiple regression and Independent Sample t-test are used to analyze the data. Results show a significant impact of past experience, risk aversion and personal gratification and insignificant impact of subjective norms and price-quality inference on attitude formation toward counterfeit wrist watches.It is recommended to use experiential marketing to convey delicate difference of experiencing original brands and enhance the perceivedrisk of using copied products
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING INTERNET BANKING ADOPTION IN PAKISTAN
No full textThe study has attempted to identify empirically the factors responsible for Internet Banking (IB) adoption in Pakistan. Field research was conducted for utilizing personally administered questionnaire technique of data collection six major cities of Pakistan namely Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Karachi, Quetta and Peshawar. Eleven-Hundred (1,100) banking customers were approached to fill the questionnaire. However, only 773 customers correctly provided useful responses for further data analysis. Binomial Logistic Regression (Polasik & Wisniewski, 2009) technique was used for investigating the impact of factors namely security, trust, product knowledge, level of education, and awareness of Internet on IB adoption in Pakistan. Results indicated that behavior of Pakistani banking customers is similar to the rest of the world banking customers towards adoption of the IB product/service. However, the significance of the tested hypothesis highlighted that the factors affecting IB adoption decisions in Pakistan mainly consists of security, trust, product knowledge, level of education, and awareness of Internet
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF PAKISTAN IN SELECTED MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES: THE RCA APPROACH
Get PDFThe trade balance of Pakistan has witnessed considerabledistortion in recent decades due to globalization induced increasein international competition. The success of a nation in this highlycompetitive global market is dependent on comparativeadvancement in production specialization in diversified industries.The imports of durable and non-durable consumer goods accountfor a large part of imports which can be avoided by developingthese industries. This study investigates internationalcompetitiveness of Pakistan with respect to the world in 11 industriesof manufacturing sector that have weak domestic industrial baseand large domestic consumption/demand, i.e. pharmaceuticalproducts; fertilizers; essential oils, perfumes and cosmetics; soapsand lubricants; plastics and articles thereof; leather articles; paperand paper products; wood and articles of wood; ceramics; glassand glassware; and toys and sports good, using RCA index on 2digit HS-level data. The result revealed that among the selectedmanufacturing industries, Pakistan has a higher comparativeadvantage only in leather articles, toys, and sports goods, whereas,other industries are showing higher competitive disadvantage. Theoverall international competitiveness of selected industries is alsodepicting a deteriorating trend which requires that the productionproblems and international trade issues required for diversifyingthe production base in the country need to be addressed
DETRIMENTAL CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF ORGANIZATIONAL INJUSTICE IN THE WORKPLACE: EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS
Get PDFThis study investigated the causes of organizational injusticeand how this influences employees’ job outcomes in public sectororganizations in Pakistan. Two models were constructed and analyzed to fulfill the research goals. Data were obtained using a simple random sampling technique. Of the sample, 254 employees of public sector organizations filled out self-administered questionnaires. Multiple regression was applied to test direct proposed hypotheses. To evaluatethe organizational injustice’s indirect effect on organizationalperformance due to employees’ job dissatisfaction, the mediation test of Preacher and Hayes (2004) was applied. The results showed that organizational injustice negatively impacts affective commitment and perceived organizational performance. Moreover, job dissatisfaction impacts the relationship in organizational injustice, perceived organizational performance and affective commitment