Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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A Model of Consumer Engagement, Brand Awareness and Brand Loyalty: Analysis of Mediation and Feedback Loop Effect
No full textThe purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual model that links the concepts of Online Consumer Engagement (OCE) to Brand Relationship Quality (BRQ). Primarily, it aims to develop understanding of the significance of this relationship with and without a mediating variable i.e. Brand Awareness. It further seeks to broaden knowledge of a strong BRQ’s positive outcomes by incorporating Word of Mouth and Brand Loyalty to the model and to analyze the iterative quality of Brand Loyalty. This study makes use of Structural Equation Modeling technique in order to carry out Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Path Analysis and Mediation Analysis. The findings revealed that all the relationships in the model were significant and were, therefore, accepted. The mediation analysis indicated that Brand Awareness partially mediates and strengthens the relationship between OCE and BRQ. Brand Loyalty’s iterative quality revealed existence of feedback loop from Brand Loyalty to Online Consumer Engagement.
EXPLORING STRATEGIES TO FOSTER LEARNING IN BUSINESS SCHOOLS: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN
Full text linkSubstantial research on motivation has been donepreviously but the types of strategies that can be developed inorder to find the root cause of learner’s motivation can helpfurther strengthen the role of teachers in the field of successfullanguage teaching. This study will help improve the EnglishLanguage teaching with the positive attitude of the teacher, atthe same time making the course objectives clear to the studentsthat will help achieve better results not only from the examinationpoint of view, but also outside the domain of classroom learning.The study will also investigate students’ motivation for learningat the beginning and at the end of the English Course andcalculate whether there is any change in students’ motivationfor learning English after they take the English course at theuniversity. Dornyei’s (1994) framework of L2 motivation is usedas a backbone for this study
Impact of Dimensions of CSR on Purchase Intention with Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction, Commitment and Trust
No full textCSR has been an important matter for companies; however, concerns about CSR issues are also intensified. Despite the prominence of CSR, research is yet to investigate how CSR practices influence customers purchase intentions. The study aims to investigate the CSR effect on purchase intention. It took step ahead to operationalize CSR into dimensions (social CSR, environmental CSR, and legal CSR) and evaluate each dimension to measure the impact on purchase intention. Secondly, mediating effect of satisfaction, commitment and trust is examined. Data is collected from cellular users of Telecom sector of Pakistan; convenience sampling technique is adopted with sample size of 327 individuals. EFA and CFA are conducted to evaluate factors whereas SEM is executed to test hypotheses. Findings showed significant relationship exists between CSR dimensions and purchase intention. Moreover, partial mediation exists between CSR dimensions and purchase intention. Result encourages mangers of Telecom sector to keep investing on CSR activities. Customers are inclined towards companies who practice CSR; it acts as a safety net buffer and protects companies from unpredictable negative events. Theoretically the present study made a number of contributions. Firstly, it examined the dimensions of CSR which previously taken as a one construct. Secondly, the effect of each dimension on purchase intention is evaluated. Future study can examine the impact of dimensions of CSR in other context such as: FMCG, mobile industry, hospitality sector, oil and gas, and chemical sector etc and proposed hypotheses can also be tested in developed economies by investigating the significance of social, ethical and legal assumptions in context of corporate social responsibility
Gauging the Effectiveness of Six-week Internship Duration in Business Education in Pakistan: Implications for Policy and Practice
No full textThis small scale research was conducted to understand whether the duration of six-week internship which has been set by Higher Education Commission Pakistan is enough for interns to fulfill their desired objectives or not. To understand the issue at hand, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 interns who had completed their internship, regarding their views on time period of six-weeks. It was revealed that even though the majority of the interns thought that a six-week time period was not enough for them to achieve their learning objectives, the review of the literature and intern interviews discovered that the internships were not designed effectively and therefore could not deliver the desired results in the specified time. Keywords: interns, internships, HEC Pakistan.
Growing Population of Pakistani Youth: A Ticking Time Bomb or a Demographic Dividend
Full text linkPakistan is considered to be the fifth largest young country in the world. Around 63 percent population of the country comprises youth aged between 15 and 33 (UN Population Fund Report 2017). Such a large young population has posed daunting challenges to the social, economic and political sectors of the state. The fast rising youth bulge of Pakistan seems to be a constantly ticking time bomb instead of a demographic dividend, threatening its very own existence. Poor youth engagement in the productive political, educational, economic and socio-cultural activities indicates ineffectiveness of the public and private sectors policies especially at the state level. The current research study is intended to identify the key factors behind the disengaged and distressed youth of Pakistan in the three core areas of education, economy and politics. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was carried out in which national and international labor survey reports, youth development index, national youth program and federal education and economic policies were critically analyzed alongside the relevant research studies, nongovernment organizations’ reports and media coverage for a dynamic overview. Besides, interviews of relevant stakeholders were also conducted to investigate the issue from diverse perspectives. Evidently, youth partnership, empowerment, and engagement in educational, economic and political sectors can be the only way forward to address the increasing challenges of the country.Keywords: demographic dividend, employment, literacy, youth developmen
International Mindedness and Intercultural Competence: Perceptions of Pakistani Higher Education Faculty
Full text linkThis qualitative study endeavored to examine higher education faculty members’ understanding of international mindedness and intercultural competence and sought their views on professional development programs competency in evolving an internationally minded stance. The focus of this study was on international mindedness because in the current era of globalization, it has become imperative to inculcate world mindedness in students and to prepare them for global citizenship. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews held with eight faculty members teaching at two higher education institutions in Karachi, Pakistan. Dominant findings demonstrated that most participants had limited insight regarding the concepts and that these were applied minimally in their current teaching practices. Although, lauding an international minded approach, most participants considered understanding of local cultures more relevant before moving on to international visions. Participating faculty also reflected that there was lack of professional development and that for understanding local and international dynamics, specialized education programs were an important factor. The study concluded with implications for professional growth platforms to foster global mindedness in educators in order for them to promote international mindedness in students.
Satellite Derived Sea surface temperature fronts in relation with Tuna catch In EEZ of Pakistan
Full text linkSea surface temperature (SST) is an important parameter in marine ecosystem studies as its relations of Fishery and other marine resources. In this study SST fronts have also been studied with relate to tuna fish catch data of April and August 2014 was acquired. Satellite derived MODIS daily products have been used to derive thermal fronts in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Pakistan. Research results indicated that the Sea surface temperature gradually changed from 22C to 24C where Tuna catch is high and By Catch is low in frontal region. The further Relationship between these two data are discussed in this study and also made recommendations for in what way these two datasets should be handled. Remote sensing data and GIS tools are efficient and less time consuming for mapping and classifying sea surface temperature in a broader way. Survey of fishing resources is really time consumed and costly, Satellite Remote sensing data shows a promising tool to monitor fishery resources in a cost effective manner. Satellite data play an important role to identify fish aggregation zones and these techniques could also be used to forecast potential fishing zones by measuring oceanic parameters which influence on fish distribution on a broader scale and these techniques can help to local fisherman and fishery organizations to observe fishery resources
Relationship of Social Progress Index (SPI) with Gross Domestic Product (GDP PPP per capita): The moderating role of Corruption Perception Index (CPI)
Full text linkThis study investigated the impact of social progress on economic development in 119 countries, while taking their individual corruption perception into consideration. Simple linear regression was use on the secondary data for 119 countries and 5 continents while the SPSS PROCESS macro was used to test the moderating effect of corruption perception. As hypothesized, a positive relationship of the social progress index (SPI) with gross domestic product (GDP) PPP per capita was observe. This means that countries, which fulfill basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing and foster availability of opportunities have enhanced economic development. Moreover, the moderating role of corruption perception between the relationship of social progress and economic development was confirmed; thus indicating that countries with better corruption perception rating possess a stronger relationship of SPI and GDP (PPP) per capita and vice versa. When checked for continents, moderation results showed that the continents that have higher values of corruption perception index (CPI) are more socially and economically developed
Gender Comparison of Emotional Intelligence of University Students
Full text link Emotional intelligence is a contributing construct to learning and other personal and career developments. It is a perplex notion involving many conceptions which resulted in various tools of emotional intelligence. University education is a terminal stage when young people are ready to enter the job arena and are expected to be emotionally sound. Numerous studies have been carried out on the differentiation of emotional intelligence of the learners, particularly at graduate and post-graduate levels. This study is an attempt to investigate emotional intelligence of the university students. Since there are differences in the findings of various studies in terms of gender; therefore, this study also considers to explore the discrepancy of the emotional cognizance of the male and female learners at university level. The target participants of this investigation were the students of all five faculties of a university in Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, a province in Pakistan. The Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) developed by Wong and Law (2002) was used for data collection. The outcomes of the investigation showed that female learners were ahead of male in emotional intelligence. Further, the learners of business and economics had superior level of emotional intelligence, while students of Arts and Humanities had inferior level of emotional intelligence. The study put forward some valuable suggestions, particularly through curricula enhancement and for further research activities
Bankruptcy Prediction for Financial Sector of Pakistan: Evaluation of Logit and Discriminant Analysis Approaches
Full text linkBankruptcy prediction is one of the core area in finance that is quite rich in empirical and theoretical work. This study compares two models for measuring the financial position of financial firms listed in Karachi Stock Exchange. The study gives a comprehensive review of two models, namely Altman’s [1] Z-score and an O-Score derived from Ohlson [14]. The purpose of this paper is two folded. First to identify unique characteristics of business failure and to compare effective variables responsible for this response. Secondly to compare two popular accounting-based measures. summarize publiclyavailable information about bankruptcy. The sample period for this study is from 2009 to 2015. From the KSE listed financial firms, a total of 40 firms were selected and accounting ratios were extracted from balance sheet analysis reports published by State bank of Pakistan. The empirical results concluded that the logit model has a high rate of classification as compared to multiple discriminant analysis. The model has obtained overall 85.5% accuracy and identified three significant accounting ratios that are: retained earnings to total asset, earnings before income and taxes to the total asset, and current liabilities to total asset. The finding of this study would benefit stakeholders that are affected by bankruptcies. So in order to take an advantage, it is important to understand the phenomenon that causes bankruptcies