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Is Country-system-based Aid Really Better than Project-based Aid? Evidence from Rural Water Supply Management in Uganda
Get PDFThe adoption by donors of the recipient country’s system, rather than a parallel donor system, in implementing aid projects has been highly recommended within the aid community in recent years. However, the assumption behind this policy that using a country’s own system would enhance the recipient’s bureaucratic capability and result in improved public service delivery has yet to be verified. We show in this paper that this expectation does not necessarily fit with the reality, taking the Ugandan rural water supply sector as an example. When bureaucracy itself is in flux in the name of “decentralization,” the unconditional adoption of a country-system approach could underperform when compared to the conventional donor-project approach.research repor
A Single-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial to Estimate the Impact of Information to Change Japanese Attitudes towards ODA
Get PDFUsing a survey-embedded experiment, this paper tests whether the active provision of information can generate support, albeit tentatively, for ODA and/or the intention to participate in development aid among Japanese citizens. Results reveal that the treatment can increase the level of support for ODA on average, especially in terms of the efficient use of money irrespective of citizens’ attributes and pre-intervention opinions on development cooperation. Based on these results, development education featuring Aid-effectiveness is strongly recommended as the most efficient communication strategy.research repor
Effects of Transport Corridor Development on Firms’ Locational Choice and Firms’ Perception of Business Environment: A Preliminary Analysis of Transport Corridors in Mozambique
Get PDFThis paper aims to conduct a preliminary analysis of the expected effects of a transport infrastructure project on firms’ locational choice and business environment in Mozambique, using a baseline firm survey. We compare firms’ locational choice factors and their perceptions of the business environment between the underdeveloped Nacala corridor, where a road improvement project is being implemented, and the well-developed Beira corridor as a comparator. On the firms’ locational choice, we find a statistically significant difference between the two corridors, after controlling for firms’ characteristics. While the firms emphasize closeness to customers in the Beira corridor, the firms emphasize better infrastructure in the Nacala corridor. We also find statistically significant differences in some business environment factors between the two corridors. In the Nacala corridor, the firms consider transport infrastructure to be problematic for operation and growth. In the Beira corridor, the firms believe some factors related to government administration and regulations are obstacles. These results are still preliminary. At this stage of our research, we can only point out the possibility that the conditions of transport infrastructure may affect private firms’ self-evaluation of their locational choice and their business environment.research repor
Interdependent Happiness:Cultural Happiness under the East Asian Cultural Mandate
Get PDFIn order to examine how socio-economic status might undermine cultural happiness shared among East Asian cultural members, the concept of interdependent happiness - harmony with others, quiescence, and ordinariness - was measured using representative adults from Thailand living in both rural and urban areas. This study draws on the previous studies which show culturally shared understandings of the self as being relational and contextual among East Asians. I argue here that among Thai people, who live by traditional Buddhist practices and are experiencing rapid economic development, those with a high socio-economic status - who earn more money, are educated for a longer period of time, and hold administrative positions - would prove to have lowered interdependent happiness. The results of the study support this claim and while objective socio-economic status showed negative correlation with the interdependent happiness, it showed a negligible correlation with general happiness. These results provide the basis for the argument that within East Asian countries increased objective socio-economic status might undermine East Asian cultural well-being.research repor
Management of the International Development Aid System Aid System and the Creation of Political Space for China:The Case of Tanzania
Get PDFThis paper attempts to assess government behaviors around aid and other development resources in Tanzania where the Poverty Reduction Regime is most advanced, through a deeper analysis of what kind of development aid structures DAC donors and the Tanzanian government have constructed and how the Tanzanian government is taking in development resources not only from DAC donors but also from China through government organizational restructuring. This paper found out that the development aid structure built with precision under poverty reduction regime in Tanzania on the contrary to DAC donors’ intention has led to the Tanzania own initiative for National development plan and created the political space for aid and development finance from China. Furthermore, this paper pointed out that, on the process to creating the international development assistance system, the Tanzanian government has learned to manage aid and been skillfully building beneficiary systems for development not only from DAC donors, but also from China.research repor
Extensification and Intensification Process of Rainfed Lowland Rice Farming in Mozambique
Get PDFThis paper explores the extensification and intensification process of rice production in Mozambique’s dominant rice ecology, i.e., rainfed lowland area. Our household-level data show that the potential of extensification is not fully exploited, as only 41% of the cultivable lowland is used for rice. The lack of power predominantly constrains rice area expansion. High potential also exists in land intensification as indicated by the average yield of 2.5 t/ha among the top 25% of rainfed farmers. Intensification through technology adoption and intensive crop care (i.e., Boserupian process) seems to be emerging among the farmers reaching their rice land limits.research repor
Japan’s Experience with Human Resources for Health Policies
Get PDFThis report mainly reviews the years from 1945 to 1980. According to the historical statistics of per capita GDP in 1990 International Geary Khamis dollars by Angus Maddison, Japan‟s economy expanded ten times from 13,000 during this period. This change corresponds to a shift from a low to an upper middle income country in the world today. The values of per capita GDP of 2008 in the same statistics are 1,000 to 2,000 to 3,000 to 4,000 to 5,000 to 10,000 to $13,000 in Malaysia and Argentina.2 This report focuses on Japan‟s policy experience in the said period to draw some lessons for developing countries in respective stages corresponding to those of economic growth in Japan, although their social situation and level ofavailable current technologies are different from those of Japan at respective periods in the past.boo
DEFINING DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY: Implications for Sub-Saharan Africa
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