Journal of Fundamental Mathematics and Applications (JFMA)
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SOME RESULT OF NON-COPRIME GRAPH OF INTEGERS MODULO n GROUP FOR n A PRIME POWER
Get PDFOne interesting topic in algebra and graph theory is a graph representation of a group, especially the representation of a group using a non-coprime graph. In this paper, we describe the non-coprime graph of integers modulo group and its subgroups, for is a prime power or is a product of two distinct primes
SOME PROPERTIES OF COPRIME GRAPH OF DIHEDRAL GROUP D_2n WHEN n IS A PRIME POWER
Get PDFThe Study of algebraic structures, especially on graphs theory, leads to anew topics of research in recent years. In this paper, the algebraic structures that will be represented by a coprime graph are the dihedral group and its subgroups. The coprime graph of a group G, denoted by \Gamma_D_2n is a graph whose vertices are elements of G and two distinct vertices a and b are adjacent if only if (|a,|b|)=1. Some properties of the coprime graph of a dihedral group D_2n are obtained. One of the results is if n is prime then \Gamma_D_2n is a complete bipartite graph. Moreover, if n is the power of prime then \Gamma_D_2n is a multipartite graph
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT DAN K-MEANS CLUSTER ANALYSIS UNTUK DATA SPEKTRUM BLACK TEA GRADES GUNA PENILAIAN KUALITAS ALTERNATIF
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to apply the method to measure or evaluate the sampling quality of black tea in determining its category or class based on the spectrum of the sampled data. The number of the spectrum of the variable of data reduced by the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) method becomes a new variable that will be classified later by using K-Means Clustering method. This research use 120 sample of tea from Fanning II (F-II), Pekoe Fanning (PFANN), and Broken Orange Pekoe Fannings (BOPF) with 90 sample used for training and 30 sample used for validation. The method and the analysis used in this research gave effective and efficient performance in measuring/evaluating the quality of the black tea sample to determine its class as it showed that the accuracy of K-Means Clustering results is larger than 50%
RUANG BERNORMA LENGKAP ATAS OPERATOR LINEAR TERBATAS PADA RUANG FUNGSI TERINTEGRAL DUNFORD
Get PDFAbstract. We are discussed operator norms on space of Dunford integral function. We show that sets of all bounded linear operator from dual space of Banach space into space of Lebesgue integral function is Banach space. Abstrak. Artikel ini membahas norma operator atas operator linear terbatas pada ruang fungsi terintegral Dunford. Himpunan semua operator linear dari ruang dual atas ruang Banach ke ruang fungsi terintegral Lebesgue merupakan ruang bernorma yang lengkap terhadap norma operator yang diberikan
OPTIMAL CONTROL MODELLING OF COVID-19 OUTBREAK IN SEMARANG CITY INDONESIA
No full textCorona virus infection is lethal and life threatening to human life, for prevention it is necessary to carry out quarantined for a portion of susceptible, exposed, and infected population, this kind of quarantine is intended to reduce the spread of the corona virus. The optimal control that will be carried out in this research is conducting quarantine for a portion of susceptible, exposed, and infected individuals. This control function will be applied to the dynamic modelling of Covid-19 spread using Pontryagin Minimum Principle. We will describe the formulation of dynamic system of Covid-19 spread with optimal control, then we use Pontryagin Minimum Principle to find optimal solution of the control. The optimal control will aim to minimize the number of infected population and control measures. Numerical experiments will be performed to illustrate and compare the graph of Covid-19 spread model with and without control
MODELING PREDICTIVE TRACKING CONTROL FOR MAX-PLUS LINEAR SYSTEMS IN MANUFACTURING
No full textDiscrete event systems, also known as DES, are class of system that can be applied to systems having an event that occurred instantaneously and may change the state. It can also be said that a discrete event system occurs under certain conditions for a certain period because of the network that describes the process flow or sequence of events. Discrete event systems belong to class of nonlinear systems in classical algebra. Based on this situation, it is necessary to do some treatments, one of which is linearization process. In the other hand, a Max-Plus Linear system is known as a system that produces linear models. This system is a development of a discrete event system that contains synchronization when it is modeled in Max-Plus Algebra. This paper discusses the production system model in manufacturing industries where the model pays the attention into the process flow or sequence of events at each time step. In particular, Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a popular control design method used in many fields including manufacturing systems. MPC for Max-Plus-Linear Systems is used here as the approach that can be used to model the optimal input and output sequences of discrete event systems. The main advantage of MPC is its ability to provide certain constraints on the input and output control signals. While deciding the optimal control value, a cost criterion is minimized by determining the optimal time in the production system that modeled as a Max-Plus Linear (MPL) system. A numerical experiment is performed in the end of this paper for tracking control purposes of a production system. The results were good that is the controlled system showed a good performance
RELASI GREEN PADA GAMMA-SEMIGRUP YANG DIBANGKITKAN DARI SUATU SEMIGRUP
No full textIn the Gamma-semigroup generated from a semigroup, we can define some equivalence relations called the Green relation. Furthermore, we can examine the relationship between the Green relation on the Gamma-semigroup and the Green relation on it’s generating semigroup
HASIL TAMBAH LANGSUNG SUATU (R,S)-MODUL
Get PDFDiberikan R dan S merupakan ring sebarang. Suatu modul dapat diperumummenjadi (R,S)-bimodul. Selanjutnya, (R,S)-bimodul telah mengalami perumumanmenjadi (R,S)-modul. Seiring proses perumuman ini, konsep dasar di dalam modul juga dapat digeneralisasi ke dalam (R,S)-modul. Salah satu konsep dasar pada teori modul yang dapat digeneralisasi ke dalam (R,S)-modul adalah tentang hasil tambah langsung suatu modul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonstruksikan pendefinisian hasil tambah langsung suatu (R,S)-modul dan menyelidiki sifat-sifatnya. Selain itu, akan dikonstruksikan pula pendefinisian proyeksi dari (R,S)-modul dan diselidiki sifat ketunggalannya
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS USING IMPLICIT MILSTEIN METHOD
Get PDFStiff stochastic differential equations arise in many applications including in the area of biology. In this paper, we present numerical solution of stochastic differential equations representing the Malthus population model and SIS epidemic model, using the improved implicit Milstein method of order one proposed in [6]. The open source programming language SCILAB is used to perform the numerical simulations. Results show that the method is more accurate and stable compared to the implicit Euler method
KARAKTERISASI MODUL CYCLICALLY PURE (CP)-INJEKTIF
Get PDFThis research deals with the structure of cyclically pure injective modules over a commutative ring R. If I be an ideal of R, proved that any CP-injective R/Imodul is also CP-injective as an R-module. The main result of research is the existance of CP-injective R-module if there is an R-module. More over, we deal characterization of CP-injective module which is related to proper essential ctclically pure extension. It is shown that R-modul D is cyclically pure injective if and only if D has no proper essential cyclically pure extension