Journals of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
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Sediment Deposition Analysis using InfoWorks ICM for Segamat River, Muar River Basin
Get PDFVarious environment-related issues within a river system associated with urbanization will lead to urban channel and river bank erosion and sedimentation problems such as floods, water quality degradation and disruption to the ecosystem. Apart from the development, river dredging activities and sand mining will also cause instability problems to the river morphology. In view of its negative impacts to the river system, an assessment on the river morphology for Segamat River, Johor has been conducted. The study aimed to examine the processes of erosion and deposition of river morphology and propose strategic measures to minimize the effects of erosion and sedimentation along the river. Sediment transport modelling has been carried out for 10-, 50-, 100- and 1000-year Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) storm events based on the runoff hydrograph using InfoWorks Integrated Catchment Modelling (ICM) coupled with a sediment-transport module. The Ackers-White sediment transport equation was selected in the model due to its applicability across a wide range of particle sizes and flow conditions, offering reliable predictions for the study reach. The simulation results highlight the large variability in channel morphology along river reach, where the sediment transport model predicts more sediment deposition at the middle reach of Segamat River. The findings underpin an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan (ESCP) that spatially targets dredging moratoria, buffer-zone restoration, and adaptive sand-extraction scheduling to restore morphodynamic equilibrium and reduce flood risk.
Defining Action Plans to Reduce Defects in a Paper Production Line Using Statistical Process Control and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Procedure
Get PDFDefect prevention in products is essential to improve production efficiency and improve product quality in accordance with consumer expectations. Action plants to prevent defects in a paper factory were tried to be found in this research. The action plan was obtained using Statistical Process Control to control production to comply with specific limits, and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Procedure used to find the priority of the problem. The data collected showed that the primary defects were in the form of wrapping alignment and folding sheets. Analysis showed that wrapper properties and the length of time the wrapper roll on the floor caused the problems. To overcome the causes of the problems, three action plans need to be taken: training, creating SOPs, and creating maintenance checklists
Inventory Management Policies for Maintenance Spare Parts: Integration of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Multicriteria ABC Classification in the Plastics Industry
Get PDFThis study establishes supply management policies for maintenance spare parts in a plastics transformation company, using a methodology applicable to any industry managing spare parts inventories. It addresses the challenges of excessive inventory levels and the lack of objective rules for defining stock quantities and parameters by applying a multicriteria approach based on AHP and ABC classification, incorporating expert judgment through the Delphi method. The classification assigned the highest weight to criticality (0.683), followed by supply (0.2) and maintenance (0.117), ensuring a balanced evaluation. Demand analysis revealed that 69% of spare parts exhibit erratic demand, 39% have no recorded demand, and only 145 out of 3,842 items show stable demand, allowing the application of double exponential smoothing forecasting techniques. Based on these findings, a periodic inventory review system was implemented with demand-adjusted policies: (R, S) with safety stock (IS) for class A and B items with stable demand and adjusted IS levels or stock elimination for erratic demand items when justified. This strategy led to a 30% reduction in excess stock and a 15% increase in spare parts availability, optimizing costs and operational efficiency. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of establishing shared indicators between logistics and maintenance, maintaining accurate demand records, and centralizing spare parts storage to enhance decision-making and minimize downtime. These findings contribute to improving inventory management and reducing operational disruptions in industrial environments
Application of a Mathematical Model in Creating a Hard Alloy Tool That Combines Strength and Plasticity
Get PDFThe article discusses the use of a mathematical model in creating a hard alloy tool that combines strength and plasticity, the development of a multi-component alloy composition using methods of planning experiments and processing test results in materials science, the preparation of a multi-component metalloceramic material from local raw materials, and their physical and mechanical properties and their role in materials science. The results of research on the use of a mathematical model in creating a hard alloy tool that combines strength and plasticity are presented. Using the steep ascent method to optimize the composition, a powder composition was determined that provided a level of stability and served as the basis for further research. An alloy with a polydisperse composition is able to embody the required properties. It is assumed that large grains of the phase provide plasticity, and small grains provide high wear resistance of the alloy
Application of Support Vector Machine and Gaussian Process Regression for Carbon Emission Prediction in Building Construction
Get PDFIn light of the heightened awareness of climate change, the construction industry is under significant pressure to reduce its carbon footprint. This study aims to apply two advanced intelligent methods, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), to predict carbon emissions during the building construction stage. The models are trained and tested using four input parameters: quantity of construction machinery, fuel consumption rate, carbon emission factor per unit of fuel or electricity consumed, and operating hours of the machinery. The performance of the models is compared to determine the most accurate and reliable predictor. The results demonstrate that the GPR model consistently outperforms the SVM model in terms of accuracy and consistency. The proposed GPR model is poised to be a valuable tool for policymakers and organizations in making informed decisions to mitigate carbon emissions
Enhancing Security Using ECDSA-Based Hardware Security Module with DS28E38 Secure Data Authentication IC
Get PDFThe increasing integration of technology across diverse sectors such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, and smart infrastructure has enhanced operational efficiency and introduced significant cybersecurity vulnerabilities due to open networks and automatic technology. This research addresses these risks by developing a verification system using the integrated circuit (IC) security DS28E38, which employs Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to keep data integrity. The key innovation lies in combining physically unclonable function (PUF)-based authentication with the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA), providing a resilient mechanism for device identity verification and protection against cyber threats. The research also includes a comprehensive performance evaluation, considering metrics such as time efficiency, memory utilization, power consumption, and resilience against simulated cyberattacks, demonstrating that the proposed system significantly enhances cybersecurity while preserving operational performance
The Effect of Shear Connectors on Cold-Formed Steel as Hybrid Beam Reinforcement
Get PDFHybrid beams are critical components in structural engineering, often reinforced with high-tensile-strength materials that surpass conventional reinforcement bars. Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) is a commonly utilized material in this context, offering enhanced structural performance, durability, and load-bearing capacity. However, previous studies indicate that the incorporation of the CFS in hybrid beams often leads to a strength reduction of approximately 50% compared to theoretical expectations. This discrepancy is primarily attributed to slippage between the CFS and concrete, resulting from the smooth surface texture of the CFS, which limits effective bond formation. To address these challenges, shear connectors are proposed to enhance the CFS-concrete bond, aiming to boost load-carrying capacity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate hybrid beams reinforced with the CFS, focusing on ultimate load, deflection, ductility, and failure patterns. Six beams, varying in the CFS shape and shear connector type, underwent 3-point flexural testing. The results showed an impressive increase in ultimate load, of approximately 87.33%, and notable deflection reductions, ranging from 15.4% to 81.9%, compared to control beams. However, beam ductility decreased significantly, with the largest reduction observed at 78.83%, while flexural failure remained the predominant mode across all specimens
Integrating Forensic Analysis and Sustainable Design for Slope Stabilization: A Case Study Using Waste Tire-Filled Gabion Structure (WTFGS)
Get PDFThis study presents a forensic investigation and geotechnical modelling of a landslide disaster and associated slope failure that adversely affected nearby infrastructure. The investigation involved geological mapping and geotechnical investigation through borehole drilling, followed by laboratory testing to characterise the physical index and engineering properties of the soil. Slope stability analyses were performed using SLOPE/W to show the stability analysis (Factor of Safety - FOS) for both the current failed slope condition and a proposed remediation design that incorporates sustainable materials. The proposed solution utilised a waste tire-filled gabion structure (WTFGS) as a sustainable slope retaining technique. Results indicated that the FOS for the existing slope was 0.979, classifying it as unstable. However, with the implementation design of WTFGS, the FOS improved to 1.580, indicating a stable slope in accordance with standard guidelines. These findings demonstrate that using waste materials to replace conventional materials is a practical remediation technique and a sustainable solution for slope stabilisation in new construction and slope repair applications. The integrated methodology strengthens failure assessment and supports the development of effective, sustainable slope stabilization solutions
Monitoring Water Quality Parameters in Shrimp Aquaculture
Get PDFIn shrimp aquaculture, maintaining optimal water quality is essential for ensuring the health and growth of shrimp. This study focuses on the real-time monitoring of water quality parameters, using a multi-sensor system that measures temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and turbidity. With the use of a solar panel for electricity, the multi-sensor system is capable in monitoring the water quality of a shrimp pond over two consecutive days. Based on the measurement data, the measured range is 6.5 – 9.0 for pH, 19 – 31.5°C for temperature, 9.0 – 25.0 ppt for salinity and 2.0 – 12.0 NTU for turbidity. The range of these parameters is ideal for shrimp aquaculture. Nevertheless, the TDS and DO do not meet the ideal range. TDS should be less than 1500 ppm, with a measured range of 1800 to 3400 ppm. Feed inputs and the buildup of metabolic waste may be the cause of this high TDS value. In the meantime, DO measures in the range of 2.5 to 22.0 ppm, with the lowest DO occurring late at night and falling below the DO limit of 5 ppm. By using mechanical aeration late at night to raise the DO level, this DO shortage can be resolved. The findings demonstrate that in order to guarantee accurate control of crucial parameters, ongoing real-time monitoring of sensor technology is required. Shrimp aquaculture may become much more sustainable and efficient by implementing automated systems for water quality regulation, which also lowers the risks related to environmental variations
A Compact and Efficient U Slot Excited Substrate Integrated Waveguide Based Antenna for 5G-NR Millimeter Wave Band
Get PDFIn the article, a cubical dielectric resonator antenna is excited through a U-slot aperture utilizing a Substrate Integrated Waveguide feeding mechanism. This antenna works in three different frequency bands of the millimeter range, 25.8, 27.5, and 30.4 GHz, targeting the 5G-NR bands, N257, and N258. The simulated antenna produces a substantial bandwidth of 6.12 GHz (25-31.12 GHz), a peak elevated gain of 8.9 dBi with 98% efficiency. The radiation patterns indicate the absence of backside radiation, validating the broadside transmission of the proposed antenna. All simulations for antenna design were carried out using Ansys HFSS, confirming the antenna’s suitability for high-performance 5G wireless communication systems, including applications in indoor environments, IoT infrastructure, and smart mobility platforms