Journals of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
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Analyzing Voltage Stability in IEEE 57-Bus System Using Voltage Collapse Proximity Index (VCPI)
No full textThe comprehensive study highlights how power systems have evolved over the decades to meet the growing demand for electricity. Increasing energy consumption has made maintaining voltage stability a significant challenge. As a result, voltage stability has become a critical parameter that requires in-depth analysis in modern power systems. This research aims to improve voltage stability analysis in the IEEE 57-bus system using VCPI analysis to identify the weakest buses, enhancing the accuracy of stability assessments and reducing the risk of voltage instability. The proposed methodology utilizes MATLAB software to conduct the power flow analysis, followed by the Voltage Collapse Proximity Index (VCPI) analysis to pinpoint the weakest bus in the 57-bus network. Bus 18 was observed to have the highest VCPI value of 1.0359 pu, signifying it as the weakest bus in the network. It is recommended to apply voltage stability techniques like VCPI for a more comprehensive analysis. Instead of relying on initial values such as voltage magnitude, VCPI provides a reliable measure for assessing the risk of voltage instability, offering valuable insights for future research
Development and Evaluation of RFPs for Bamboo Shoot Products Through Drop Testing
No full textPackaging functionality not only differentiates food products but also conveys brand identity. With increasing demand for shelf-stable and convenient products like bamboo shoot meals, innovative packaging is crucial. However, limited research evaluates the durability of Retortable Flexible Pouches (RFPs) through drop tests. This study assessed RFPs durability using performance drop tests. Consumer preferences were analyzed through a questionnaire, and the packaging design was developed using Adobe Photoshop. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 27, and drop tests were performed according to ASTM standards. A gusset folder box was designed to contain RFPs products, which were Sample A (dry-textured bamboo shoots) and Sample B (wet-textured bamboo shoots). Each sample was cushioned with single-layer bubble wrap, double-layer bubble wrap, or inflatable air bubbles and dropped in six positions: top, bottom, right, left, right, and left corner sides. G values, measuring impact stress, were recorded during the tests. Findings showed 68% of respondents preferred medium-sized packaging (250g–500g), 72% favored freshness designs, 65% prioritized informative labeling, and 58% preferred high-quality imagery. Although medium-sized packaging was preferred, a 100g quantity was developed as suitable, balancing product characteristics, functionality, and effective sterilization. Inflatable air bubbles emerged as the most effective cushioning material, recording the lowest G values (28 G for Sample A and 29.6 G for Sample B). In contrast, the top side recorded the highest G values (364.4 G for Sample A and 358.2 G for Sample B with single-layer bubble wrap). These results highlight inflatable air bubbles’ effectiveness in protecting RFPs of bamboo shoot products
LughaNet: Automated Arabic WordNet Construction and Evaluation Using Semantic Question Similarity
Get PDFSeveral efforts have been undertaken to enhance the Arabic lexicon and address the limitations of Arabic WordNet. However, efforts to develop a comprehensive and automated Arabic WordNet, comparable in scale and functionality to the English WordNet, have been insufficient. This study addresses the gap in Arabic NLP by introducing LughaNet, an automated Arabic WordNet developed through five key stages. First, Princeton WordNet (PWN) synsets were aligned with Arabic words using a bilingual dictionary and pre-trained machine translation models. Second, Arabic words were extracted from resources such as Wikipedia and the existing Arabic WordNet. Third, natural language processing (NLP) methods, including Skip-gram with AraVec 2.0 embeddings, were applied to extract synonyms from Arabic Wikipedia. Fourth, synonym selection accuracy was enhanced using a pre-trained BERT model and cosine similarity. Finally, PWN glosses and examples were translated into Arabic. This process produced 85,991 synsets for the new Arabic WordNet. An evaluation demonstrated 64.23% coverage of dictionary terms and assessed LughaNet\u27s usability in Arabic Semantic Question Similarity (ASQS) tasks. LughaNet achieved an accuracy of 64.11%, a precision of 57.57%, a recall of 79.02%, and an F1 score of 66.61%, surpassing the original Arabic WordNet’s F1 score of 56.62%. These findings indicate that LughaNet has the potential to be a helpful resource for Arabic NLP research and various applications
Robotic Surgery and The Law: Defining Control and Criminal Responsibility
Get PDFThe technological trend towards integration of robots in surgery is one of the breakthroughs in precision, consistency, and patient outcomes. The use of technologies, such as the da Vinci surgical system, has become a necessity in any operating room, because they allow to conduct minimally invasive surgery yet with more control and less human mistakes are made. But, with such systems, they begin to be much more autonomous, which brings on serious legal and ethical issues, especially concerning who bears the criminal liability and/or civil liability of the failure of the surgery or harm caused to the patient. The existing models of medical negligence and liability that assume intentional human action are ill prepared to handle the legal intricacies of intelligent semi-autonomous entities with human supervision. These issues get further complicated by overlapping of roles of stakeholders such as surgeon, Healthcare institutions, and technology manufacturers. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the legal ambiguity regarding robotic-assisted surgery and highlight how legal liability is rewarded when there is procedural error. Based on a doctrinal approach to the law study using the foreign case law as point of reference, this paper will examine the interpretation of culpability in healthcare through the prism of technology by various systems of law. The study suggests major flaws in the accountability, such as creating a definition of liability when the malfunctions of the machine or a mistake in an algorithm lead to an error. This paper presents the proposal on the model of distributed responsibility that takes into account the causation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents in robotic surgeries based on the analysis of expert interviews and case law. The model suggests the balancing of the distribution of liability between human and non-human actors to improve the brightening of law and patient safety. Based on the numerical results, machine learning (ML)-optimized hybrid (Model D) bests the rest by increasing legal accuracy, fairness, and flexibility of robot surgery liability. Finally, the study is calling on the policymakers and legal institutions to change the current legal doctrines to be in step with the highly developing surgical technologies
Pyrolyzed Soybean Hulls as a Potential Conductive Filler in High-Density Polyethylene / Carbon–Black Composites
Get PDFElectrically conductive polymer composites have a variety of applications in electronics and packaging. Current research focuses on environmentally friendly alternatives to carbon-based fillers, such as Carbon Black (CB), and other inorganic fillers. Biochar, i.e., pyrolyzed biomass, has emerged with great potential due to its high carbon content and thermal stability. This study investigates the feasibility of PSBH as a conductive filler in HDPE/CB composites to determine its effectiveness in enhancing electrical properties. HDPE/PSBH composites were prepared through melt mixing, and their electrical conductivity was analyzed using a four-point probe method. The influence of filler composition, dispersion, and processing parameters on conductivity was evaluated. Results indicate that while PSBH alone has limited conductivity, its combination with CB improves composite performance, offering a potential pathway toward partially bio-based conductive materials. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable polymer composites by integrating agricultural waste-derived carbon materials
Exploring the Role of Environment Service Quality in Enhancing Customer Satisfaction During Umrah in Malaysia
Get PDFThe Umrah industry in Malaysia faces numerous challenges, particularly fraud, which leads to high customer dissatisfaction with the services offered by Umrah operators. Environmental service quality difficulties in Umrah refer to the challenges of cleanliness, sustainability, and infrastructure that impact pilgrims\u27 experiences and contentment. To address this, the study examines the relationship between environmental service quality (focused on airline service, hotel service, transportation service, and ambient) and customer satisfaction during the Umrah. This study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional approach, with 219 Umrah pilgrims aged 28 to 58 being the most significant sample of travellers. Respondents are chosen using convenience sampling. Data is gathered via online questionnaires and direct participation at airports like KLIA and KLIA 2. The research objective was achieved via descriptive analysis and multiple regression. This study also helps to understand customer satisfaction and demands, which is essentially the degree to which customers are satisfied with services, particularly those provided by airlines, hotels, transportation, and the environment, which can contribute to people\u27s satisfaction while performing Umrah
Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using Micromechanical Techniques
Get PDFA composite material is a combination of two or more materials on a macroscopic scale whose mechanical properties depend on the volume percentage and characteristics of their primary constituents. Concrete is the most common man-made composite in the world used for construction purposes. Determining the important mechanical properties of the concrete and selecting the best combination of the constituents is a major task in the construction industry. This paper is based on homogenization theory and finite element modeling to predict the Young\u27s modulus, shear modulus and Poisson ratio of glass fiber reinforced concrete. In order to determine the above properties of fiber reinforced concrete, the elastic tensor matrix of a unidirectionally distributed fiber reinforced concrete composite was solved using the Voigt and Ruess series model. Furthermore, Abaqus was used to simulate the axial compression of fiber-reinforced concrete, yielding the desired results. The accuracy was confirmed by a comparison between the theoretically anticipated values based on homogenization and the simulated values from the finite element method
Challenges in Wood Industries and Contributions of Technological Promotion to Quality Timber Processing in Selected Cities of Ethiopia
Get PDFThe study investigates the challenges and advantages of technological training in the adoption of advanced methods of timber processing in selected Ethiopian cities, including Addis Ababa, Adama, Hawassa, and Jimma. It examines the impact these technologies have had on the timber industry, identifies the constraints that hamper the full application of the technologies, and describes the prevailing conditions. It applied a mixed-methods approach, where both qualitative and quantitative research were combined. This included interviews with industry experts and site visits to timber processing plants for direct observation. The results indicate that modern technologies have improved the industry in some ways, but a number of drawbacks still exist. These challenges include incorrect or very outdated machinery, absence of professional workers, lack of access to modern technology, and poor infrastructure. The industry also suffers from limited production space and sales areas. In any case, the popularization of new technologies has increased awareness and enhanced the labour skills, especially of producing high-quality lumber in a number of cities. The study also emphasizes technology as a transformative force in Ethiopia\u27s timber industry, and strategic efforts toward resolving current challenges should be embraced on the fronts of technology adoption, training in the workforce, and infrastructure improvement. These are likely to have positive impacts on increasing long-term productivity and economic gains and ensuring environmental sustainability within the industry
Big Five Personality Traits of Extraversion and Neuroticism, and Risky Driving Behavior of Malaysian Drivers
Get PDFMajority of traffic accidents had human involvement, and attitudes that contributed to risky driving behavior were impacted by personality traits. Few research, however, have looked at each Big 5 Personality\u27s impact on risky driving behavior separately. Furthermore, the results on extraversion and neuroticism as the Big 5 Personality characteristics of their predictive usefulness were conflicting and ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to determine how extraversion and neuroticism affect the ability of Malaysian highway drivers to predict risky driving behavior. The study employed a quantitative survey method, and 311 usable questionnaires were collected from the motorists using the highway intercept techniques. Partial Least Squares (PLS) path modelling was used in the data analysis. Risky driving behavior was found to be positively and significantly correlated with extraversion and neuroticism. These findings provided an empirical basis to develop evidence-based road safety measures on the personality traits of motorcar drivers. To increase traffic and road safety, it is crucial to be able to recognise and anticipate the characteristics of risky driving in human behavior
Shaping Futures for the Hotel Industry: Certified Internships and Commitment Toward Career Development
Get PDFThis scholarly investigation explores the impact of hotel industry hallmarks, internship service quality, and the mediating role of mentorship on undergraduate hotel management students’ commitment toward careers in the hospitality industry. A quantitative, cross-sectional design utilizing a self-administered survey questionnaire was employed. The sample and unit of analysis comprised hotel management students from Universitas Negeri Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia, who had completed certified internship programs. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings revealed that the hallmarks of the hotel industry such as demanding work environments, extensive responsibilities, limited career advancement, and minimal recognition did not exert a negative influence on students\u27 commitment toward career. Conversely, the quality of internship service experience exhibited a strong positive effect on students’ professional commitment. The study also established a causal relationship between industry hallmarks, service quality, and mentorship. Notably, mentorship was found to significantly mediate the relationships between both hallmarks and service quality with students’ commitment toward career. These findings offer critical insights and carry significant implications for students, academic institutions, industry practitioners, and policymakers