World Nutrition Journal (Indonesian Nutrition Association - INA)
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Soy isolate protein formula: challenge and benefit to support child’s growth and development
Get PDFThe quality of protein and amino acids of soya is being used as soy protein-based formulas in infant feeding to provide nutrition for normal growth and development. There are few indications for their use in place of cow milk-based formula, although it has no advantage over cow milk protein based formula beyond those indications
Immune development of children born from Caesarean section
Get PDFSeveral studies results have shown that mode of delivery affects the health of children, and recent studies showed that elective cesarean section (CS) is associated with aberrant short-term immune responses in the newborn baby and an increased risk of developing immune disorders. This article focused on the effect and role of the C-section on the immune development in children. Begin at pregnancy, the infant's immune system is activated and develops years after birth. In this article we find that cesarean delivery mode will influence the offspring's immune system by disrupting the intestinal tract's bacterial colonization, different levels of birth adaptive stress, and altering gene expression epigenetic regulation. Some studies have found that gut microbiome composition plays a significant role in the development of immune system along with other factors such as diet/lifestyle, antibiotic use, formula feeding, vaccination with life vaccine, and pathogen exposure. In early life, disrupted colonization induced dysbiosis that was associated with lower Bifidobacteria and higher counts of C. difficile. These findings are related to infant immune disease and allergy. Dysbiosis following C-section has a huge effect of developing altered immune system, and this microbiome imbalance can be controlled by nutritional support such as maternal breast milk or the use of different combinations of prebiotics and probiotics (synbiotic) which could be beneficial for the immune and metabolic system
The relationship between short stature and psychosocial problems in primary school-age children
Get PDFBackground: Short stature is a growth problem that are commonly found in developing countries. In Indonesia, the prevalence of primary school-aged children with short stature reaches 23.6% in 2018. Short stature in children is associated with psychosocial problems that are thought to be related to abuse, stigmatization, and social isolation faced by children. However, previous studies discussing this topic had mixed results and the number of studies has not been adequate.Objective: This study aimed to look for the relationship between short stature and psychosocial problems in primary school-aged children.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used in primary school-aged children at SDN 01 Kampung Melayu. The study was conducted by comparing groups of children’s height and screening results for psychosocial problems using the PSC-17 questionnaire, which assesses three subscales of behavioral problems (internalizing, externalizing, and attention).Results: The prevalence of short statured children in SDN 01 Kampung Melayu reached 15.28%. The prevalence of children with psychosocial problems is 18.12% and the prevalence of short statured children with psychosocial problems is 22.73%. Analysis of association between short stature and psychosocial problems showed no statistically significant relationship, for general psychosocial problems (p=0.268), internalization subscale (p=0.532), externalization (p=0.400), attention (p=0.414), and PSC-17 total score (p=0.614).Conclusion: No significant relationship was found between short stature and psychosocial problems in primary school-aged children
IS SERUM ZINC LEVEL CORRELATED WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AMONG LACTATING MOTHERS IN JAKARTA?
Get PDFIntroduction: Insulin resistance is a condition that underlies the development of diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus keeps rising, including in Indonesia. A higher proportion of diabetes was found in women. Physiological changes during pregnancy can cause insulin resistance that may persist until postpartum period. Lactation and nutrient like zinc may improve insulin resistance. This study aimed to measure the correlation between zinc serum level and insulin resistance of lactating mothers in Jakarta.Methods: This study used cross-sectional design, was conducted in Puskesmas Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan, West Jakarta and Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilincing, North Jakarta from February to April 2019. A total of 75 lactating mothers at 3–6 months postpartum were selected using consecutive sampling method. Zinc serum was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results: Approximately 76% (n = 57) subjects had low serum zinc level. Spearman correlation test between serum zinc level and HOMA-IR was done (r = 0.003, p = 0.977). Also, correlation test between BMI and HOMA-IR (r = 0.563, p <0.001).Conclusion: No correlation was found between serum zinc level and HOMA-IR however, there was a significant moderate positive correlation between BMI and HOMA-IR.Keywords: Lactation, zinc, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, BM
Soy Isolate Protein Formula: the usage beyond allergy indication
Get PDFThe usage of soy isolate protein formula for infants was recommended by Indonesian Pediatrics Association (IDAI) through the recommendation of Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) management in 2014. Soy Infant Formula (SIF) has been being used for Infants with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) as well as for several other related medical indications such as post diarrhea lactose intolerance, galactosemia and primary lactase deficiency1. At early stage of soy formula, it had several deficiencies, infant acceptability, growth, and incomparable with milk-base formula. Current SIF is made from soy protein isolate that contain 2,2 – 2,6 g of protein per 100 calories, it is higher than milk-based formula and both showed same growth and development in Infants2. It contains different fibers, phytate, digestibility, protease inhibitor and proteins. SIF is easily digestible and contain high amino acid content fortified with L-methionine, L-carnitine and taurine. High content of phytate is overcome with zinc and iron fortification as well as increased levels of calcium and phosphor3. American Academy of Pediatrics recommends isolated soy protein-based formulas as a safe and effective alternative for providing appropriate nutrition for normal growth and development for term infants whose nutritional needs are not being met from maternal breast milk or cow’s milk-based formulas3,4
Perspective of Soy Formula and Fiber intake among Non-Cow’s Milk Drinker Pediatric Patients; A Survey among Indonesian Health Care Practitioners
Get PDFIndonesia is one of the highest countries for soy-based product consumption, which the usage also started from early age as breastmilk substitute product, although local regulation and guideline stated that soy-based formula recommended for cow’s milk protein allergy. However, evidences showed that soy-based formula supplemented with fiber in non-cow’s milk drinker could also have health effect to gastrointestinal system. This online survey aimed to explore the perspective of health care practitioners (HCPs) in recommending soy-based formula for non-cow’s milk drinker pediatric patients, as well as identify the required additional ingredient or supplementation, specifically on fiber, in soy-based formula. Majority of respondents (97% of paediatricians (P < 0.001)), (96% of nurses (P = 0.003)), (99% of midwives (P < 0.001)) recommended soy-based formula as nutritional product toward non-cow’s milk drinker patients. On the added ingredients required, 43% of respondents mentioned that AA and DHA and 31% mentioned that fibre is the ingredient that need to be added to complete the benefits of soy formula. This study concluded that the overall perspective of HCPs showed that soy-based formula is a nutritional product recommended for non-cow’s milk pediatric patients. However, fiber is required to be added to achieve the potential benefits of soy-based formula
How to beat COVID-19: Know your enemy well
Get PDFAnyone is at risk of contracting COVID-19 if exposed to the virus. Some people are more likely to become seriously ill than others, which means they may need hospitalization, intensive care, or respiratory support (respirator mask, high flow oxygen therapy, ventilators, etc.), and some may even die, mainly by severe respiratory failure. Those patients with asthma (moderate to severe), cardiovascular disease, cystic fibrosis, hypertension, immunosuppression, liver disease, pregnancy, smoker, thalassemia and diabetes (especially type 1) have a higher risk of getting sick and suffering the disease with more virulence and potential mortality. The older people are in risk because the chronical diseases and comorbidities are associate with the aging.This presentation aims to explain the mechanisms of infection and inflammation by the coronavirus in order to act primarily on them. If you know your enemy well, you can treat it from an etiopathogenic perspective
Fluid consumption, hydration status, and its associated factors: a cross sectional study among medical students in Palembang, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Adequate fluid consumption and hydration status of students become a special concern because being dehydrated by just 1%-2% can impair cognitive performance. The objectives of this study were to assess the daily fluid consumption, and analyze the correlation of fluid consumption and other associated factors with hydration status of medical students in Universitas Sriwijaya.Methods: A total of 93 medical students in Universitas Sriwijaya were recruited to complete a 7-day cross-sectional study. Subjects were asked to complete a self-administered 7-day-24-hours fluid record and provide first morning urine sample on the last day. Gender information was collected. Physical activity was evaluated by self-administered long version of IPAQ. Body mass index was calculated using body weight and body height measurement. Urine specific gravity was determined by urinometer. The 7-day-24-hours fluid record and 1-day-24-hours urine specific gravity were calculated and analyzed.Results: Majority of the subjects were well hydrated, while 10.8% were slightly hydrated, 6.5% were moderately hydrated and 9.7% were severely dehydrated. The average of daily fluid consumption was 1789.28 (989.3-2930) mL. Coefficient correlation of fluid consumption from beverages with urine specific gravity was -0.651 (p=0.00) by Pearson correlation test. The hydration status showed no association with gender, physical activity and body mass index.Conclusions: Most subjects in this study were well hydrated. A strong association was found between fluid consumption and hydration status. It was feasible to use daily fluid consumption from beverages to predict hydration status
Water types and their functional role: Perception, myth and fact
Get PDFThere are many incorrect perceptions in public as well, and we have to educate people to be more aware about what they buy and drink for their daily fluid intake, also to believe information only from the trusted source
The use of 25(OH)D saliva test as a substitute for 25(OH)D serum test in healthy people
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Examination of serum 25(OH)D levels of vitamin D in the body circulation illustrates the level of circulating vitamin D, while serum 1.25(OH)D is used to describe vitamin D activity. Several studies have shown that there is a non-invasive test that can be done to check vitamin D levels, namely through salivary levels. This study aims to determine the ratio between serum 25(OH)D and 1.25(OH)D serum levels and to compare the levels in saliva.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that included 36 healthy people, male and female, aged 18-35 years old, living in Medan, North Sumatra. The tests performed were levels of 25(OH)D, 1.25(OH)D in serum and saliva.Results: The mean serum 25 (OH) D level was 17.22±4.37 ng/mL and the 25(OH)D saliva level was 3.46 ng/mL for the minimum value and 51.0 ng/mL for the maximum value (median: 6.01 ng/mL). The results showed a relationship between 25(OH)D saliva and serum 25(OH)D levels (p=0.04). There was no relationship between the levels of 1.25(OH)D in saliva and serum 1.25(OH)D.Conclusion: There was a relationship between 25(OH)D saliva and 25(OHD) serum levels in healthy people. Salivary 25(OH)D levels can be used as a non-invasive laboratory test compared to serum 25(OH)D levels