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The Impact of Definitions of Disease on Overdiagnosis
No full textThe concept and definition of disease influences both clinical practice and public health. The World Health Organization has defined health but failed to define disease. The contemporary concept of disease emerges from biology but is influenced by social, cultural, and economic factors. Definitions are important, as how we label a condition can determine how society perceives, manages, and supports patients. Continuously expanding disease criteria can reduce underdiagnosis and increase appropriate care, but often risk overdiagnosis, resulting in overtreatment and low-value care, ultimately threatening health care sustainability
Geopolitical risks, financial system and the energy trilemma
No full textThe literature on the intersection of geopolitical risks, financial development energy trilemma remains sparse. This study, therefore, seeks to investigate the influence of geopolitical risk and financial development on energy trilemma (energy security, energy equity and environmental sustainability). The energy trilemma presents a more comprehensive measure for understanding the effect of geopolitical risks on energy and environment: energy security, energy equity and environmental sustainability. Using the Feasible Generalized Least Squares, Discroll-Kraay technique and Lewbel's Two Stage Least Squares method and data from 40 countries from 2000 to 2021, our findings suggest a positive effect of geopolitical risks on both energy security and energy equity. In essence, an increase in geopolitical risks could potentially enhance countries' energy transition, improving their resilience and ability to recover quickly from shocks to the energy systems, thereby boosting their achievement of universal access and affordable energy for all. The results, however, generally suggest a negative effect of geopolitical risks on environmental sustainability. Further results indicate that the financial development measures show a nonlinear U-shaped relationship with the energy trilemma. We also show that the effect of geopolitical risk on energy trilemma is moderated by financial development. The relevance of this paper hinges on the growing global geopolitical risks and the urgent push for a clean and just energy transition that concurrently safeguards a secure, equitable, and sustainable future
The Spillover Effect of Media Ownership on Mainstream Media Discourse
Get PDFThis article investigates the spillover effect of a firm's media ownership on reporting by unaffiliated mainstream media outlets, using a sample of Chinese publicly listed firms. We find that firms with ownership stakes in media companies receive more coverage and more positive tones from unaffiliated mainstream media outlets than other firms do. We also find evidence suggesting mechanisms for this effect: media ownership facilitates firms in building connections with unaffiliated media outlets. In addition, we find that this spillover effect of media ownership on unaffiliated media outlets is more prominent when market-investor sentiment is more pessimistic, when firms are in “sin” industries, and when firms encounter corporate scandals. Furthermore, we document that media ownership enhances the dissemination of information disclosure and increases firm value.</p
Examining the Indonesian dual banking system: an exploration of market discipline indicators
No full textPurpose: This research aims to investigate the disciplinary functions of depositors and subordinated debt holders within Indonesia's dual banking system, examining the impact of regulatory changes on market discipline. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs a comprehensive analysis of the dual banking system in Indonesia over 15 years. Utilizing a non-public dataset from the Financial Services Authority and the Indonesia Deposit Insurance Corporation, the study employs propensity score matching and difference-in-differences analysis. Findings: The findings reveal distinct patterns in the exercise of market discipline by depositors over different regulatory regimes. During the blanket guarantee regime (2002–2005), depositors lacked the incentive to monitor banks but resumed their disciplinary role under the limited guarantee regime (2005–2017). Islamic banks faced simultaneous market and regulatory discipline, with market discipline prevailing. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature by providing novel insights into the interplay between regulatory changes, market discipline and depositor behavior within Indonesia's dual banking system. The utilization of a comprehensive non-public dataset from regulatory authorities adds to the originality of the research
The Hospital Menu as a Tool for Nutrition Education for Patients, Healthcare Workers, and the Broader Hospital Community
Get PDFIn this perspective we describe our experience in developing a novel approach to delivering nutrition education through the hospital patient menu to a broad audience. Using an evolving, themed 'weekly specials' patient menu, unique nutrition education materials were developed across a range of topics, aligned with menu themes to be delivered to patients, staff and the broader community. The current strategy has successfully been implemented over a 3 year period. It has been driven by a series of patient menus showcasing nutritious, varied and sustainable nutrients and ingredients accompanied by a diverse range of education mediums including in-service education sessions for staff, printed nutrition education materials for patients and social-media messaging for the broader community. We are unaware of any other hospital (or institution) that consistently draws on their core patient menu to inspire and educate staff and the broader community. Opportunities for application in other institutions such as schools and worksites are evident.</p
Federal Fiscal Relations After Vanderstock
No full textThis paper considers the important High Court decision in Vanderstock, where a majority of the High Court invalidated Victoria's ZLEV levy on the basis of s90 of the Australian Constitution. It considers the majority and minority views, before critically appraising the implications of the decision for Australian fiscal federal relations
When it comes to weapons on Australian streets, do our perceptions match reality?
No full textIt seems each week we see news stories about drive-by shootings or the use of knives or other sharp implements in violent public acts in Australia.But is violent crime getting worse? And do our perceptions match the reality of violent crime and the use of weapons on our streets
Analysis of four different prone body positions on time to stand and sprint in females
Get PDF• A career in law enforcement poses significant risks,especially when attempting to arrest a noncompliantoffender (1, 2).• The risks increase when an officer needs to control anddetain offenders by themselves, as doing so is a leadingcause of officer injury (1, 2).• These risks include an offender attempting to rise from aninstructed prone position to either evade arrest or tophysically engage with an officer (3).• Further research is needed to know which of these pronepositions gives an officer the greatest advantage to theserisk
The effect of age on Southern California law enforcement recruit physical fitness assessments
Get PDF• A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 308 female recruits (age: 26.50±5.07) and 1640 male recruits (age: 26.96±6.06) from a southern California law enforcement agency.• During the hiring process, recruits completed the following physical fitness assessments: 75-yardpursuit run (75PR); 60-s push-ups; 60-s arm ergometer; 60-s sit-ups; and 2.4-km (1.5-mile) run.• A Multivariate analysis, with age group and sex as the fixed factor was utilized to determinebetween-group fitness differences (p<0.05)