13361 research outputs found
Sort by
Analyzing OSHA construction accident reports using BERTopic topic modeling for thematic insights
Full text linkHazards at construction sites can lead to severe accidents, posing significant risks to worker safety, financial stability, and public confidence in industry safety standards. As a result, understanding and preventing these accidents has become increasingly critical. Although previous studies have examined historical accidents through detailed reports, few have systematically applied automated natural language processing (NLP) techniques to un cover hidden topics and patterns in large datasets without manual intervention. This study addresses this gap by applying topic modeling to 22,623 accident reports from the Occupa tional Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) spanning 2004 to 2023. The results demon strate that BERTopic substantially outperforms the traditional LDA model across multiple accident datasets, achieving higher topic coherence and topic diversity. Leveraging contex tual embeddings, BERTopic identifies nuanced risk scenarios, occupation–accident patterns, and temporal trends that earlier text-mining approaches often overlooked. The findings also generate actionable managerial insights, including peak accident periods, vulnerable worker groups, and scenario-specific risk factors. Overall, this study provides a clearer and more data-driven understanding of construction accident mechanisms through advanced topic modeling. Applying BERTopic for topic extraction and content analysis introduces a novel and effective approach to analyzing construction accident reports. The insights derived provide valuable guidance for decision-makers in risk mitigation and accident prevention, while helping to rebuild public confidence in safety standards. Moreover, the approach’s reproducibility and potential for broader safety applications contribute to fostering a safer construction environment
The Effectiveness of Adolescent-Focused Therapy and Family-Based Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa
Full text linkAnorexia Nervosa is the most deadly mental illness due to the high mortality andrelapse rates after reaching remission. The systematic review investigated the effectiveness of two empirically validated interventions (Family-Based Therapy [FBT] and Adolescent-Focused Therapy [AFT]) for an adolescent or young adult living with Anorexia Nervosa to reach partial or full remission and expected weight ratios. Twelve studies published between 1994 and 2015 were evaluated and indicated that FBT resulted in significant weight gain and higher partial and full remission rates than AFT, demonstrating its superiority in treating AN in adolescents and young adult samples, in one instance, at least up to 4 years. Despite FBT and AFT delivery, a significant proportion of participants did not achieve their target weight or full remission, indicating that both treatments may not be effective in all circumstances
Impact of psychological distance on public acceptance of waste-to-energy combustion projects
No full textWaste-to-energy (WTE) projects have attracted considerable attention due to their role in addressing waste management issues and promoting renewable energy production. However, while public acceptance of these projects remains controversial, psychological distance (PD) may be a key shaping factor in their construction. This study, grounded in the Construal Level Theory (CLT) and social distance theory of power, uses a behavioral investigation experiment to examine the role of PD in WTE facilities. The findings reveal that shorter PD is associated with higher public perception of risk and lower perception of economic benefits, fairness, and public acceptance. Additionally, a closer social distance of power tends to correspond with lower construal levels and a greater inclination to support the construction of WTE facilities, further supporting the CLT and social distance theory of power. The findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable development of WTE facilities, encouraging a sense of shared destiny and collaborative governance across society.</p
Fifty years of consumer socialization research: a structural topic modeling approach and future research agenda
Full text linkPurpose:This study aims to critically review the extensive body of research on consumer socialization, identify emerging trends, and outline future research avenues to advance the field.Design/methodology/approach:This study uses a structural topic modeling (STM) approach on 1,162 research articles (retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science). This study uses topic modeling and topic prevalence to document the evolution of research trends over the last 50 years.Findings:This study proposes a holistic model of consumer socialization, categorizing research into four dimensions: primary socialization (family and parenting styles), secondary socialization (peers and influencers), digital socialization (technology, virtual communities and eWOM, e-commerce) and cultural socialization (sustainability, tourism, ethical consumption, and community and sports). Findings reveal shifts in research focus, with increasing attention to digital media, online communities, sustainable and pro-environmental behavior, and opinion leadership.Research limitations/implications:Research trends highlight the importance of digital privacy, the influence of virtual communities and the critical role of sustainability and green consumerism among teenagers.Practical implications:The HMCS model offers valuable insights to marketers. For example, brands targeting adolescent markets should design trust-centric interfaces, provide explicit safety assurances and encourage constructive peer interactions. Managers must carefully balance promotional strategies to avoid fostering purely materialistic or status-driven motivations.Originality/value:This study applies STM to present a state-of-the-art review of consumer socialization research spanning 50 years. By mapping past trends and emerging topics, we provide a future research agenda to explore areas like the psychological impact of digital socialization, evolving peer dynamics and the intersection of sustainability and teenagers’ consumer behavior
Spatio-temporal evolutionary analysis of regional drought resilience based on game theory combinatorial empowerment
No full textWith the intensification of climate change and the increasing frequency of drought events, China faces significant challenges from drought disasters, which severely impact both daily life and economic development. As a result, it is critical to assess regional drought resilience to inform the formulation of effective drought response strategies, mitigate adverse impacts on livelihoods and economic activities, and ensure water security and sustainable socio-economic growth. However, studies often focus on a limited selection of indicators and primarily target specific regions or cities, which does not fully capture the broader context of China's drought resilience. This study seeks to assess China's overall drought resilience, propose effective measures to enhance resilience, and strengthen urban disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities to safeguard the stable development of urban economies. Using a regional drought resilience evaluation index system, this paper analyzes China's drought resilience's temporal and spatial evolution from 2013 to 2022 through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and TOPSIS methods. The results indicate a general upward trend in drought resilience across China's 30 provincial-level administrative regions, with a noticeable shift of the center of gravity toward the southern regions. Key factors – such as water resource management, drought infrastructure development, and socio-economic support – are further explored, and they influence the spatial and temporal patterns of drought resilience. Based on these findings, policy recommendations are provided, along with suggestions for future research directions
GatedFusion-Net: Per-pixel modality weighting in a five-cue transformer for RGB-D-I-T-UV fusion
Full text linkWe introduce GatedFusion-Net (GF-Net), built on the SegFormer Transformer backbone, as the first architecture to unify RGB, depth (D), infrared intensity (I), thermal (T), and ultraviolet (UV) imagery for dense semantic segmentation on the MM5 dataset. GF-Net departs from the CMX baseline via: (1) stage-wise RGB-intensity-depth enhancement that injects geometrically aligned D, I cues at each encoder stage, together with surface normals (N), improving illumination invariance without adding parameters; (2) per-pixel sigmoid gating, where independent Sigmoid Gate blocks learn spatial confidence masks for T and UV and add their contributions to the RGB+DIN base, trimming computational cost while preserving accuracy; and (3) modality-wise normalisation using per-stream statistics computed on MM5 to stabilise training and balance cross-cue influence. An ablation study reveals that the five-modality configuration (RGB+DIN+T+UV) achieves a peak mean IoU of 88.3 %, with the UV channel contributing a 1.7-percentage-point gain under optimal lighting (RGB3). Under challenging illumination, it maintains comparable performance, indicating complementary but situational value. Modality-ablation experiments reveal strong sensitivity: removing RGB, T, DIN, or UV yields relative mean IoU reductions of 83.4 %, 63.3 %, 56.5 %, and 30.1 %, respectively. Sigmoid-Gate fusion behaves primarily as static, lighting-dependent weighting rather than adapting to sensor loss. Throughput on an RTX 3090 with a MiT-B0 backbone is real-time: 640 × 480 at 74 fps for RGB+DIN+T, 55 fps for RGB+DIN+T+UV, and 41 fps with five gated streams. These results establish the first RGB-D-I-T-UV segmentation baselines on MM5 and show that per-pixel sigmoid gating is a lightweight, effective alternative to heavier attention-based fusion
Redox-Active Nitroxides Enhance Cisplatin Efficacy Against Cervical Cancer
Full text linkCisplatin remains the primary treatment for most cervical cancer cases, though its clinical efficacy is hindered by dose-dependent toxicity and incurring chemoresistance. The overexpression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and cellular redox state is linked to increased resistance to chemotherapy in cervical cancer. This study explores the combinations of novel steroidal and nitroxide-based treatments to improve the efficacy of cisplatin against cervical cancer. Two lead nitroxide-functionalised prednisolone hybrids (CS91 and CS187) were identified for their potent anti-proliferative activity in multiple cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines. These compounds exhibit comparable anti-proliferative activity to the parent nitroxides, while maintaining GR binding capability. When combined with cisplatin, CS91 and CS187 induced a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability across multiple cervical cancer cell lines, which was optimised to preserve above 80 % healthy cell viability but decrease cancer cell viability below 15 %. Mechanistic studies revealed that these compounds raised intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, with further enhancement in combination with cisplatin. This combination approach was found to be synergistic, resulting in decreased glutathione (GSH) levels and increased DNA damage compared to cisplatin alone. In summary, nitroxide-based hybrids exhibit potent anti-proliferative effects and potentiate cisplatin efficacy through ROS-mediated mechanisms, offering a promising targeted strategy for cervical cancer treatment
Positive sentiments in early academic literature on DeepSeek: a cross-disciplinary mini review
Full text linkDeepSeek is a free and self-hostable large language model (LLM) that recently became the most downloaded app across 156 countries. As early academic literature on ChatGPT was predominantly critical of the model, this mini-review is interested in examining how DeepSeek is being evaluated across academic disciplines. The review analyzes available articles with DeepSeek in the title, abstract, or keywords, using the VADER sentiment analysis library. Due to limitations in comparing sentiment across languages, we excluded Chinese literature in our selection. We found that Computer Science, Engineering, and Medicine are the most prominent fields studying DeepSeek, showing an overall positive sentiment. Notably, Computer Science had the highest mean sentiment and the most positive articles. Other fields of interest included Mathematics, Business, and Environmental Science. While there is substantial academic interest in DeepSeek’s practicality and performance, discussions on its political or ethical implications are limited in academic literature. In contrast to ChatGPT, where all early literature carried a negative sentiment, DeepSeek literature is mainly positive. This study enhances our understanding of DeepSeek’s reception in the scientific community and suggests that further research could explore regional perspectives
Surf Medicine and Health
No full textThis chapter provides an overview of the influence of surfing on our health—beginning with activity requirements which can be broadly broken into sitting (45%), paddling (50%), and surfing (5%). These activity requirements influence the cardiovascular system, providing heart rates of moderate to high intensities. A range of energy systems are required, for example, from short sprint paddling bouts (ATP-PCr energy system) to long endurance paddle bouts (aerobic energy system). This consequently develops upper-body strength and endurance through paddling; lower body strength and power through explosive turning maneuvers; flexibility in key joints to enable body positions to complete maneuvers; and balance and proprioception (awareness of the body position and movement in space) through body positioning on a wave while standing on an unstable surface. The second half of the chapter explores the influence surfing has on injury (musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal types). Key locations of gradual onset injury are the shoulder and lower back; traumatic injury occurs at the head and face primarily due to lacerations; and competitive surfers have higher rates of knee injuries. Relevant non-musculoskeletal injuries are concussion, surfers’ ear (external auditory exostosis), and skin cancers. All injuries are detailed, and practical advice is provided for the reader