Journal of Advanced Applied Scientific Research (JOAASR)
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Fish as bio-indicator tool for assessing estuarine health
Get PDFFish Health Index and Index of Biotic Integrity directly indicates environmental health and was used in our monitoring at Coleroon, Vellar and Uppanar, estuaries in the southeast coast of India. The use of cast nets revealed 104 species of fish that belongs to 69 genera, 44 families and 10 orders. Assessment using fish health index at Coleroon, Vellar and Uppanar estuaries produced scores of 4.8692, 8.4981 and 1.4042 which means Vellar has better health than Coleroon and Uppanar. In addition, 12 metrics were used to produce the index of biotic integrity where total scores varied from 18 to 51. With Vellar achieving higher scores than Coleroon and Uppanar estuary, a Two-way ANOVA was employed to validate the data with significant achievement (P<0.005). Therefore, we can safely associate Coleroon, Vellar and Uppanar with ‘Fair’, ‘Good’ and ‘Very poor’ grades. Also, visual depiction of Vellar demarcates it as pristine in comparison to Coleroon and Uppanar that are subject to impairments along with dominance of omnivorous fishes. Knowledge from this study eases monitoring of important estuaries particularly for food security so that management sustains community livelihood
Effect of a community-based nutrition intervention program about dietary immunonutrients during COVID-19 pandemic
Get PDFBackground: The global agitation caused by the coronavirus disease of 2019 has emerged the need to make today’s population more aware of immune health to protect against disease and illness. Thus, we conducted a community-based nutrition intervention program that puts forward immunonutrition in the limelight.Objectives: To study the effects of a community-based nutrition intervention program on (a) the significance of immunonutrients, (b) its rich sources and (c) its role to boost immunity against viral infections and diseases among a local community in Chennai city.Material and Methods: This study used the pretest-posttest design consisting of pre-and post-survey conducted from 400 active participants selected by the random sampling method. Pretest and posttest involved the assessment tools like the 4-point Likert scale and 7-item food frequency questionnaire. The employed intervention strategies include the distribution of informative pamphlets and offering individual nutrition counselling that highlights the benefits of consuming immunonutrients- rich foods. Results: The mean pretest score based on the perception of participants on the importance of immunonutrients was 2.022±0.856. Significant associations between age, education level, and socioeconomic status with the perception levels of the participants were observed (P<0.001). A mean difference of 1.1200±0.0603 was observed when compared with the posttest responses conducted three months after the intervention, showing a significant increase in their perception level (P<0.001). Additionally, the consumption of immunonutrients rich foods studied using the 7-item food frequency questionnaire, also increased.Conclusions: Our intervention program was found remarkably effective for improving the awareness and consumption level of locally available, cost-effective immune-boosting foods among the participants and their intention toward healthy eating behaviour. Thus, a community-based nutrition intervention program would help upgrade awareness about the synergism of nutrition, immunity, and infection
Food Safety and Food Security Challenges among ADHD Children in Covid 19 Pandemic
Get PDFAttention Deficit and Hyperactivity (ADHD) is a typical neurodevelopmental disorder in children with low levels of copper, iron, zinc, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids have been detected in children with ADHD. In contrast, sugar, artificial food colourings, and preservatives have been associated with an increased risk of ADHD. During the COVID-19 pandemic, managing food and nutrition for children with ADHD presented several difficulties. This study was conducted to evaluate the eating patterns of ADHD children, restricted foods (food safety), and the significance/need for parents and caregivers of ADHD children to be aware of food safety and security. The children were between 4 and 12 years old; 64% of the respondents were boys, while 36% were girls. They eat more Indian cuisine and have at least one Indian meal daily, whereas they occasionally enjoy western foods. Children who consume western cuisine are more prone to ADHD than those who consume Indian cuisine. Most parents are aware of the foods children with ADHD should avoid. Regarding ADHD, there is a considerable correlation between children's dietary patterns and food safety. During the pandemic, many parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were primarily concerned with ensuring their children received adequate nutrition and coping with an unanticipated financial crisis
Development and in-vitro evaluation of Etoricoxib loaded Transdermal Film containing MWCNT
Get PDFNanocomposites are materials that integrate either a unit of nanoscale material or multi-units of nanoscale material into a matrix of a standard substance. The main purpose of the current study is to fabricate and evaluate nanocomposite transdermal films of Etoricoxib. The transdermal films of etoricoxib were developed with a mixture of polymers viz. Eudragit RL-100 and HPMC K4M, with or without different percentages of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT, 1, 3, 5, and 10%, w/w of total polymer) using solvent casting method. Various parameters including FT-IR, DSC, drug content, folding endurance, moisture content, moisture uptake, water vapour permeability (WVP), and in-vitro drug release employing Franz diffusion cell were assessed for the prepared films. The absence of interaction between the drug and polymers was confirmed by FT-IR and DSC studies. The thickness of the resulted films was within the range of 0.33±2.76 µm to 0.43±2.76 µm. The weights of prepared films were between 85.1±1.3 mg to 85.15±0.8 mg. The drug content was measured to be between 4.486 and 5.993 mg. The folding endurance of the developed films ranged from 237.33±7.8 to 342±6.5. The moisture content (%) was between 5.91 ± 1.2% and 8.84 ± 4.0%, whereas the percent moisture uptake of prepared films was observed to be between 8.23 ± 2.1% and 12.38 ±3.6%. The WVP of films was found to be 97.08 ± 0.57 g/m2/day to 194.17 ± 0.81 g/m2/day. In-vitro release studies revealed that formulation F4 prepared with an equal amount (50:50) of Eudragit RL-100 and HPMC K4M, and 5% MWCNT shows the highest drug release after 24 hr of study.The above results imply that the nanocomposite films could be an effective tool for transdermal delivery of etoricoxib and could act as a better prospect in replacing the oral dosage form. 
New Drug Development strategies with special reference to the endocarp of multifaceted agriculture crop – Cocos nucifera Linn
Get PDFCoconut shell botanically represents the hard endocarp from the fruit of Cocos nucifera Linn. It is the usually discarded part of the plant with folklore claim in metabolic disorders.Being an inexpensive and easily availablenatural product with ethno medicinal significance, it seems highly relevant to scientifically validate the pharmaceutical implications of the drug. Till date, the new drug development strategies based on quality and efficacy parameters for the crude drug sample of Coconut shell has not been developed. The present study was intended to develop and scientifically validate the quality, purity, safety, potency and efficacy parameters of Coconut shell and thereby exploring the new drug development strategies for the drug. Materials andmethods: The study focused on the screening ofCoconut shell based on macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic, histo-chemicaland HPTLC studies. Results:Characteristic presence of thin walled fibres, fibrosclereids,lignins and tannins were observed in themicroscopic analysis of Coconut shell. HPTLC studies also exemplifiedthe detailed bioactive chemical profile of Coconut shell.Conclusion: The study outcome suggestsCoconut shell as a novel reliable source of bioactive phytoconstituents with broad prospective in new drug development process
Case report on clinical effect of Khadir compound drug (Kitibha har kashay)inPsoriasis and its cell line study
Get PDFPsoriasis is a common skin disease which is inflammatory, proliferative, autoimmune, and chronic with relapsing nature. It resembles with Kitibha Kustha roga ofAyurveda which is described asrelapsing disease with dry, rough, discolored skin lesions. This is a case report of psoriasis patientwho was treated conservatively with Kitibha har kashay for 3 months. The assessment of clinical improvement was made, along with the biochemical profiling and photographic analysis. Patient was also instructed to follow the do’s and don’ts of the disease for diet and lifestyle also called pathya and apthya. Parameters that were used to assess the clinical improvement were PASI score, IGA scale and grading of Ayurvedicclinical symptoms of Kitibha.The patient was given the medication prepared from the AyurvedicPharmacy, Faculty of Ayurveda, BHU in ghan form. The crude and prepared drug was standardized from Institute itself and the data of the patient was maintained by regular follow-ups. The cell line study of water extract of Khadir compound was also done to evaluate the proliferative or antiproliferative action by MTT assay. The clinical result have shown that this drug posses a very effective antipsoriatic action that has significantly reduced PASI score to nil and marked improvement in IGA scale, clinical symptoms andphotographic improvement was found. The cell line study by MTT assay has shown the antiproliferative action of Daruharidra (Berberis aristata) that was one of the constituent of Kitibha har kashay.Further study of this drug on psoriasis specific cytokines is needed to be evaluated by biochemical analysis to evaluate its role in breaking the pathology of psoriasis
Evidence of practice of Nutraceuticals/ Functional foods in our daily life described in Ayurveda
Get PDFAyurveda Scholars has considered food (Ahara) as an important pillar for development, sustenance of a healthy life and longevity. Considering the importance of food in health and disease.Charak has mentioned that the health or state of disease depends on rationale use of food. Food has been also considered as an etiological factor of several disorder as well as management and prevention of diseases. Ayurveda has given the comprehensive classification of food that are described in respect of their rasa(taste), vīrya(potency), vipāka (taste after digestion) and prabhāva (special actions) under the chapter Annapana Vidhi Adhyaya of Charak Samhita e.g. corn with spike/awn, corn with pods/legumes, pulses, meat, leaf, fruits, greens, leafy vegetables, wine, water, milk, products of sugar cane juice. In the mid of 1980s the term ‘functional food’ was coined in Japan to refer the food substances which have additional special health benefits. Spices and condiments which are commonly used in every kitchen on regular basis during different cooking preparations such as turmeric, ginger, garlic, onion, coriander, cinnamon, cumin, clove, fennel, barley, Indian gooseberry, tulsi, aloe vera etc. has been described in Ayurveda thousands year back with their special health benefits. In India there are number of traditional products used as functional food but needs more scientific validation, it could be a research opportunity in nutrition to explore the relation between certain diseases and these food components.Functional foods provide great potential for prevention of several chronic diseases, when consumed in balanced proportion in food preparations with a healthy lifestyle
Role of kshara (an alkali preparation) in wound healing with special reference to cervical erosion
Get PDFCervical erosion is caused by the replacement of the stratified squamous epithelium of the ectocervix with the endocervical columnar epithelium. In Ayurvedic classics, it can be co-related to garbhashayagrivagatavrana. Its management mainly includes destruction of overgrown epithelium by different techniques has its own limitations and side effects. Further observing its prevalence there is a requirement for a treatment modality which is more efficient and cost-effective. Kshara which possesses lekhana (scrapping), vrana-shodhana (wound cleansing), and ropana (wound healing) properties as described in Ayurveda, provides a scientific background of the therapeutic application in the management. Different review works revealed the potential use of kshara on wound healing due to its alkalinity which maintain the body pH within the normal range and thus maintains different cellular and extracellular function. Therefore, kshara is found to be an important preparation that has been investigated for its gynecological uses by different scholars
Impact of habitat variability on phenotypic attributes of Hypericum Perforatum L. along an elevational gradient in Kashmir Himalaya
Get PDFA number of environmental factors such as mean temperature, precipitation, soil characteristics etc. changes with elevational gradient and thereby, affect the morphological pattern of a plant species. Phenotypic attributes of a particular species varies along different altitudes in order to adapt and also to overcome these changeable and stressful conditions. The present study was undertaken to assess the distribution pattern and impact of habitat variability along an elevational gradient on morphology of an important medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum L. growing in the Kashmir Himalaya. Hypericum perforatum L., member of family Hypericaceae, is a perennial herb and distributed in North Western Himalaya. The species exhibited distinct variability and a peculiar trend in morphological traits in response to different environmental conditions along an elevational gradient
A Study on the Characterization and Utilization of the Banana Peel, Shells of Egg and Prawn for the production of Bioplastics
Get PDFGrowing level of pollution from the industrial waste or any other form of waste in the environment caused the hazardous effect on the mother planet earth. Plastic pollution played an important role in causing the hazardous effect in both terrestrial and aquatic environment. The entire ecosystem were affected by the pollution. As plastics were non-biodegradable, unsustainable, eco-toxic, increases global warming, leads to biotic and abiotic depletion and reduces the soil fertility. This study were aimed to determine the alternatives for the usage of plastics. As bioplastics were substituted the usage of conventional plastic because they were biodegradable, more sustainable, non-toxic, eco-friendly, no harm to biotic and abiotic factors, increases the soil fertility. These biodegradable plastics were made from the waste materials, such as fruit peels, shells of prawn and egg which acts as a raw material for the production of bioplastic