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A publishing system to extract and represent the knowledge content of scientific articles on Health Science in machine-processable format
No full textScientific articles published in electronic format are knowledge bases, especially in Medicine. An obstacle to semantic processing of this knowledge by computers is that in spite of their digital format, articles are in text format for human reading and processing. A model is proposed for electronic publishing scientific articles both in textual format and in machine "understandable" format, in ontology format. Software agents can process the content of an article published according to the model, thus enabling semantic retrieval, consistence checking and the identification of new discoveries.? The model is described and initial steps toward the development of an authoring/publishing system which implements the model proposed are related
Connecting Readers with Open Access Resources: The CUFTS Free! Open Access Collections Group
No full textLibraries play an important role in disseminating knowledge. This paper presents an overview of the work of one library group, focused on collection of quality free and open access journals, and illustrates how libraries can be more effective in disseminating knowledge and connecting patrons with needed material by working collaboratively on open access and free collections. Also discussed are the few simple steps that publishers can take to facilitate dissemination of journal content through libraries ? following standards such as OpenURL and/or DOI to provide for article-level linking, and providing title lists for download with the key metadata libraries need to include content in library collections, such as title, ISSN, fulltext start date, and journal URL. The CUFTS Free! Open Access Collections Group works collaboratively to connect library patrons with quality open access and free resources, ranging from the international Directory of Open Access Journals to locally developed lists such as Open Access Journals, Open Access Magazines, and Canadian Historic Newspapers. CUFTS is the knowledgebase (journal title lists) of reSearcher, a locally developed open source suite of resources. Through CUFTS, the open access and free journals collections are made available through a link resolving service (GODOT), A to Z journal lists, library catalogues and union databases. A file of MARC records for all of the titles is freely available to download, and downloadable spreadsheets are freely available for local collections as well, from http://www.eln.bc.ca/view.php?id=1129
The PROBADO-Framework: Content-Based Queries for non-textual Documents
No full textIn this paper we describe the system architecture of PROBADO, a project funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Its main goal is to provide a general library infrastructure for dealing with non-textual documents, in particular for content-based searching. PROBADO provides an infrastructure that allows integrating existing data repositories and content-based search engines into one common framework. The system architecture has three layers interconnected by a service-oriented architecture (SOA) currently using SOAP 1.1 as the communication protocol. The layers are: (1) a front-end layer, responsible for providing the user interface, (2) a core layer, responsible for scheduling requests from the interface to different repositories, and (3) a repository wrapper layer, responsible for enabling existing repositories and search engines to interface to the system. The functionality of each layer is described in detail. The general architecture is complemented by a brief introduction to the domain-dependent functionality currently provided
Self-Archiving in practice: What do the researchers say and is there any pain alleviation?
No full textThe purpose of the study was to increase self-archiving of scientific articles in Swedish open archives and thus contribute to the dissemination and increased visibility of Swedish research and to a greater impact for the individual researcher. We wanted to find out what obstacles may occur in the self-archiving process and how the database SHERPA/RoMEO functions as support for control of the publishers\u27 conditions. We engaged 40 researchers at 7 Swedish institutes of higher education to self-archive their peer-reviewed journal articles from the last 5 years. The result was that 140 publications were self-archived in the open archives of these universities and university colleges. After the self-archiving was carried out we followed up on the researchers\u27 experiences and viewpoints in the form of oral interviews. We have found several imperfections and problems in the process of self-archiving.? These issues are discussed and then we conclude with suggestions for measures to take, which we believe are crucial to making self-archiving generally accepted in the world of research and therefore increasing the dissemination of research results
Rethinking Electronic Publishing : ELPUB 2009 (Preface)
No full textIt is a pleasure for us to present to you readers, speakers and attendants with these proceedings, consisting of over 40 contributions accepted for presentation at the 13th ELPUB conference. This year the conference was generously hosted by CILEA and the University of Milan in Italy and chaired by Susanna Mornati, CILEA, Italy and Turid Hedlund, Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland. It is well known that Internet publishing is continuously changing and taking new forms and models. As players on the market for electronic publishing, we have to be forerunners in shaping the coming models. In line with this, the theme of the conference this year was ?Rethinking electronic publishing? with a subtitle urging us to be innovative in discussing new communication paradigms and related technologies. The focus of ELPUB 2009 is on key issues in e-communications, exploring dissemination channels, business models, technologies, methods and concepts. The three-day event consists of a first day of technical workshops, tutorials and demonstrations; the following two days feature contributed papers and posters examining a broad range of technical, conceptual, policy, and financial aspects of scholarly communication while showcasing significant experiences and lessons learnt. A symposium on openness in the academic environment run by Leslie Chan and Gale Moore, and special keynotes by Henk Moed and Simon Tanner enrich the programme.The 13th ELPUB conference carries on the tradition of previous conferences held in United Kingdom (1997 and 2001), Hungary (1998), Sweden (1999), Russia (2000), the Czech Republic (2002), Portugal (2003), Brazil (2004), Belgium (2005), Bulgaria (2006), Austria (2007) and Canada (2008). A conference on electronic publishing naturally offers the collection of papers of earlier conferences, fully archived in a sustainable digital library at http://elpub.scix.net. The library has also been expanded with a citation index (i.e. collection of references in the ELPUB papers). More than 3,200 citations have been collected in over 500 records, starting with the very first ELPUB conference in 1997. Bob Martens has made a great effort in extracting citations from earlier ELPUB papers to make an analysis of the impact of ELPUB papers within the community. It seems that within this collection there appear to be only a relatively small number of citations of other ELPUB papers; the reason for this is under investigation. However, there might be a reason to emphasize the existing archive of earlier papers to the audience. Central research questions of today might have also been already tackled in earlier conference papers.We are proud to present a variety of contributions from five different continents, thus representing a wide geographical distribution of issues and themes related to electronic publishing. Emerging countries are witnessing the diffusion of innovations in scholarly communication, as well as developed countries. ELPUB is an event that makes these trends meet. We hope to contribute to reducing the information divide among countries and continents in the world. Among the topics, economic models hold a significant place in a market where new players are changing the traditional landscape. There is ever growing interest towards semantics, tagging, web 3.0 and all the techniques which will change the way machines present contents and help with their selection and re-aggregation. Open access models are consolidating their status; digital libraries are merging with journals; new metrics change evaluation parameters; preservation becomes more and more an issue within sustainability. Innovation is the common umbrella under which all papers contribute their effort.This year we introduce a new category of short papers. It is meant as a chance to present a brief update on an interesting situation, a success story, or showcase a significant experience. We hope that delegates and readers will enjoy this chance to meet a variety of examples and practices to draw inspiration for their initiatives.In order to guarantee the high quality of papers, all submissions (over 80) to the ELPUB conference were peer-reviewed by members of the international Programme Committee and additional peer reviewers. Their contribution and feedback to the authors was valuable and appreciated. We would like to express our gratitude and appreciation for their effort and help in the review process and in suggestions for the programme of the conference. As in the previous editions, we still propose printed proceedings. In the last few years the irony of printing contributions about electronic publishing was highlighted. But we are addressing, among others, a conservative academic world and it seems important to produce a tangible record of the ELPUB intellectual output for research evaluation.We hope you enjoy reading the proceedings. It is also our pleasure to invite delegates and readers to ELPUB 2010, which will take place in Helsinki, Finland. The 14th ELPUB conference will be organised by the Hanken School of Economics. Details of the conference will be forthcoming at the ELPUB web site.Our thanks go to Nilde de Paoli and Anna Marini for their invaluable support, to Julia Weekes for copyediting, to Angela Corgnale for layout editing, to Vania Ug?, Roberto Piazzola and many other colleagues at CILEA who made this event possible and to whom we express our gratitude. A special mention to Luigi Traiano at Nuova Cultura in Rome, who made this publication possible, and an intense gratitude to Paola Galimberti at the University of Milan, for her scientific advice. Finally, we would like to acknowledge and thank the various sponsors for their generous contributions.We look forward to an interesting and productive conference
Building a Semantic Digital Library for the Municipality of Milan
No full textIn the second half of 2007 the Municipality of Milan decided to co-finance a one year project proposed by CILEA (Consorzio Interuniversitario Lombardo per l\u27Elaborazione Automatica) called ?Biblioteca Aperta di Milano? (Milan Open Library) or BAMI, aimed at creating an integrated system to make a set of digitized documents from the cultural institutions of Milan available on the Web. To meet the goals of the project, we adopted Semantic Web standards and technologies to build the knowledge base and used a faceted browser for the user interface. Faceted browsing is an exploration technique for structured data sets based on facet theory which allows users to find information without a-priori knowledge of its schema. To store and provide the visualisation of digital documents we used CodeX[ml] and AriannaWeb. Regarding the selection of content, we decided to focus mainly on the documents that belong to a specific branch of the city\u27s cultural heritage: those from the 19th century, giving special attention to musical documents. In this paper we present the methodology and the workflow that led us to build an ontology with the aid of a Scientific committee of librarians and 19th century music experts. We also illustrate the usage of a dedicated web-based editor that we used to populate the ontology. One of the most important objectives of the project was to overcome the limitations of the search engines traditionally used in the librarian domain (e.g. OPAC) by providing the users with new tools for browsing and analysing cultural knowledge. Thus, the paper also focuses on the BAMI User Interface, which was built by extending and enhancing Longwell, a faceted RDF browser developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. We then describe the complementarity and flow of information between the three applications (Longwell, CodeX[ml] and AriannaWeb). The paper ends with a discussion of some possible evolutions of the project and of the main difficulties we encountered during the development
Overlay Publications: a functional overview of the concept
No full textThis paper tackles the issues of overlay publications (journals, but also edited monographs and books in general). Its two parts are aimed at providing theoretical understanding of what an overlay publication is and at examining a concrete example of a print on demand overlay book, published after the free digital version was released. The first part takes into account the definitions found in literature and goes back to the functions that every system of scholarly publication must satisfy, as Roosendaal and Geurts (1997) proposed, adopting a value chain perspective of the scholarly communication system. Some examples of overlay journals are then examined in order to clarify which added value an overlay publication can contribute. According to the first part, the second part of the paper analyzes in depth a first experiment of what can be defined as an overlay book. The case study is about a short monograph in Italian, in the field of online and social marketing published first as a free ebook and then published in print through a print on demand model. The paper ends summarizing the findings of the case study and providing some insights about overlay publications, trying to clarify what they are and why they are useful
Portico Tutorial: A Collaborative Approach to Preserving Scholarly Digital Content
No full textTeaching and research have become increasingly dependent upon the convenience and enhanced accessibility of electronic scholarly resources. Along with the use of these resources comes the challenge associated with protecting them for future generations of scholars, researchers, and students. In the past when print was the predominant medium, the preservation responsibility was linked to ownership and was traditionally a function of the library. In the digital age, however, the library?s responsibility for preservation is uncertain as the link between ownership and access is broken. Furthermore, the scale and complexity of the technology infrastructure, specialized expertise and quality control processes necessary to preserve electronic scholarly resources far exceed that of any individual library or institutional budget. In 2005, with support from the Library of Congress and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, JSTOR launched Portico to serve as a ?dark archive? where publishers and libraries could collaborate and contribute together to support the long-term preservation of scholarly digital content. Portico has established a robust digital preservation platform that currently comprises over nine million journal articles from hundreds of publishers across the spectrum of commercial houses, university presses, and professional societies. In 2008, the archive expanded its capabilities to include e-books and digitized newspaper collections. The chief beneficiaries of the Portico archive - publishers and academic institutions ? provide the primary sources of funding. Sharing the costs broadly across the scholarly community ensures that no single institution must bear the full force of the costs. All libraries supporting Portico will have campus-wide access to archived content if it becomes lost, orphaned or abandoned because of specific trigger events. In addition, libraries may rely on the archive for post-cancellation access if the publisher has chosen to extend this permission to Portico. Portico\u27s archival approach for e-journals and e-books is focused on the publishers? source files ? the electronic files containing graphics, text, or other material that comprise an electronic journal article, issue, or volume. Portico has chosen migration as its primary long-term archival approach, as part of a managed preservation strategy.This tutorial session will educate attendees about the factors driving libraries to an e-only environment and the growing concerns about the preservation of scholarly e-content. Also, the session will provide an in depth description of Portico?s business model and technological approach for providing a trusted archival home for e-scholarship and how its archive can assist scholarly publishing stakeholders in their transition from print to electronic. Specifically, attendees will learn:-the factors driving libraries and publishers toward the adoption of e-content;-the importance of digital preservation and the urgent need for action;-archival strategy trends within the community;-the significance of separating the access role from the preservation role;-the economies of scale and reduction of risk through broad cost sharing across the publisher and library community;-Portico?s economic model and preservation capabilities for e-content;-the trigger events and post-cancellation scenarios in which libraries access content from Portico, including a demonstration of the archive;-a description of Portico?s holdings comparison analysis and how it can be used to assist librarians with print collection management;-a comparison of how Portico and CLOCKSS addressed the recent trigger events
Automatic Analysis of Electronic Discharge Letters as a Means to Evaluate the Continuity of Information and of Patient Care
No full textJoint Commission International standard 3.2 on Access to Care and Continuity of Care states that discharge letters should contain information about follow-up instructions of doctors to patients. We developed a text mining system to analyze a collection of 413 discharge letters of heart failure patients and checked their compliance with standard 3.2. We built a domain-specific ontology and a thesaurus and mined the collection with CASOS AutoMap. After validation, the system sensitivity was 0.484; specificity was 0.834; positive predictive value was 0.555; negative predictive value was 0.790. Improving these results requires more powerful natural language processing tools, but text mining seems a promising way to evaluate the continuity of information and of care
PLoS One: background, future development, and article-level metrics
No full textPLoS ONE, a peer-reviewed Open Access academic journal published by the Public Library of Science, was founded in 2006 with the intent of reevaluating many of the aspects of the scholarly journal. As a result, PLoS ONE has taken elements of the traditional publishing model for scholarly journals and separated them into those functions that are most effectively carried out before publication (for example, peer review in order to evaluate whether the article deserves to join the scientific literature) and those that can most effectively be carried out after publication (for example, how impactful the article was once it joined the literature). With this basic premise in place, and using the online tools that are now available, the journal has grown to the extent that in 2009 it will become one of the largest journals in the world (by publication volume). This article overviews the development of the journal to date-how it differs from most other journals and how it engages with its core audiences. In March 2009, the journal (along with other PLoS titles) began a program to place \u27article-level metrics\u27 on each publication, and this article outlines how this has been achieved, as well as plans for further development. In conclusion, this article looks forward to the future developments of this transformational journal