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Mass Transfer Mechanism Within Commercial PTFE Membranes In Spacer-Filled Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
No full textThe mass transfer mechanism within commercial PTFE membrane with various nominal pore sizes in spacer-filled direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was determined. Mass fluxes and membrane permeability (MP) values for each commercial PTFE membrane were experimentally measured. The MP values increased insignificantly with 2.3% and 4% when the inlet temperature at feed side rose from 400C to 500C in different membrane pore sizes. All investigated mass transfer models except from Dusty Gas model were good enough to simulate the mass transfer inside smaller membrane pore sizes (0.22 µm, and 0.45 µm). Compared to combined diffusion model, the predicted mass fluxes using the overall mass transfer model including the contribution of Poiseuille flow obtained better agreement with experimental results for larger membrane pore size (1 µm). The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values for combined diffusion model were up to 16.5% compared with the Ding et al. model or Schofield et al. model (under 3%). Regarding the root mean square error (RMSE), the combined diffusion model obtains larger values than the mass transfer model considering the Poiseuille flow contribution. Consequently, the contribution of Poiseuille flow in mass transfer mechanism within smaller PTFE membrane pores (0.22 µm, and 0.45 µm) could be ignored, however, the contribution of Poiseuille flow to the overall mass transfer should be included in case of larger membrane pores (1 µm), or the case of applied transmembrane hydrostatic pressure
The Use of Licensing to Promote Competition among Telecom Operators and the Growth of Mobile Telecommunication Networks in Nigeria, 2011-2022
No full textMany practitioners and investors have praised the use of licensing to enhance competition in the telecom sector due to its real effects on the Nigerian economy. However, since 2011, subscribers in the industry have had a mixed experience with the license issue due to problems with telecom companies' exploitative tendencies and antics, which make it difficult for customers to acquire reliable and reasonably priced telecoms services. With a focus on the institutional and legal safeguards put in place by the government to ensure that the operators abide by the licensing and regulation powers granted to them by the law, the study essentially examines how licensing affects competition among telecom operators and the expansion of mobile telecom networks in Nigeria. The paper's methodology adopted the documentary approach, and the data were ostensibly gathered from secondary sources and examined in terms of substance. Neo-liberal theory of the state provided a sufficient theoretical foundation for the examination of the study. The paper's findings demonstrate that while the expansion of Nigeria's mobile telecom networks is aided by the use of licensing to promote competition among telecom operators, consumers' access to affordable and high-quality telecommunications services is restricted by the exploitative tendencies and antics of telecom companies. The paper's suggestions were based on these findings, and one of them was that Telecommunications service tariffs must always be cost-oriented and reflect the actual costs borne by operators to provide the services in question
Investigating the Efficacy of Nutritional Status, Dietary Acumen, and Sugary Beverage Consumption Patterns in Secondary School Adolescents
No full textIntroduction: Excessive consumption of sugary drinks increases the risk of obesity and negatively affects nutritional health because they contain additional sugars and empty calories. Making well-informed decisions that prioritize nutrient-dense options enables people to reduce health risks and improve their general nutritional state. Objectives: The objectives of this study to is to assess the relationship between nutritional status, dietary knowledge and sugary beverage consumption habits among secondary school children in Lahore. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 384 secondary school children studying in public and private schools of Lahore, Pakistan and data was collected through a combination of 2 validated questionnaires, composed of 4 parts (personal information, frequency of sugary beverages consumed, sugary beverage consumption pattern and & dietary knowledge). For BMI calculation, height and weight were measured. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 23. Results: The study reveals that 51.8% of the students in Pakistani secondary schools in Lahore fell within the normal BMI limit. The remainder, however, were malnourished; 13% of the adolescents were underweight, 21.6% were overweight, and 13.5% were obese. Furthermore, it was found that there was no significant relationship between dietary knowledge, use of sugary beverages, and nutritional status. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is evident that the consumption of sugary sweet beverages among the secondary school children of Lahore, Pakistan is significantly higher. Also, the burden of malnutrition and the body mass index is significantly high among these adolescents, associated with SSB consumption. However, BMI is no significantly related to dietary knowledge
Can Green Bonds Boost the Development of Energy Projects in Colombia? An Opportunity for Responsible and Sustainable Investment
Full text linkThe excessive exploitation of natural resources brings with it a growing environmental problem, which is largely due to industrial development. Different international treaties, conventions, and protocols try to mitigate the impacts of global warming. However, new tools are constantly needed to achieve the sustainability of economies and the preservation of renewable resources. In response to this, green bonds arise providing a coherent solution that integrates both the industry and the environment. These bonds constitute a financial instrument allowing the collection of resources, with the only requirement of being invested in sustainable projects generating environmental and social well-being. This paper highlights Colombia's potential as an emerging market attractive for investments classified as green. This Colombian green market is expected to grow, due to the low amounts of GHG emissions compared to the industrialized countries and the richness in natural resources of the nation. However, to develop sustainable energy projects in Colombia, special instruments are required to enhance the promotion and financing of energy projects. For this reason, various financing alternatives to the traditional systems for the development of clean energy must be evaluated. This paper emphasizes the potential of green bonds to improve energy projects in Colombia and obtain additional benefits to reduce climate change through the use of sustainable renewable energies. Through a document review exercise in specialized literature and the application of a case study, the advantage of green bonds over other traditional mechanisms for financing initiatives for small and medium enterprises is demonstrated
Enhancing ESL Education with AI: Innovations in Teaching Methods and Au-thentic Materials
Full text linkThis article explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in English as a Sec-ond Language (ESL) education, focusing on innovative teaching methods and authen-tic materials. AI-powered gamification is discussed, highlighting the use of AI tools like ChatGPT to enhance the gamification of key terms and concepts in ESL educa-tion. The interactive and enjoyable nature of gamified learning, combined with AI-driven content curation, deepens student understanding, critical thinking skills, and retention. By personalizing the learning experience, AI tools cater to individual stu-dent needs, allowing for flexibility in difficulty and fostering a love for the subject. Reflection and self-assessment play a crucial role in solidifying knowledge and pro-moting deeper learning. The article also discusses the importance of authentic materials in ESL education, emphasizing the use of AI-driven content curation to select and organize relevant and meaningful language content. AI-powered tools can analyze vast amounts of data, un-derstand patterns, and make accurate predictions, enhancing the user experience and delivering content that is most relevant and valuable to each individual student. The integration of AI in ESL education offers numerous benefits, including increased engagement, improved retention and application of key terms and concepts, personal-ized learning experiences, and enhanced critical thinking skills. By embracing AI-powered gamification and content curation, educators can create dynamic, interactive, and engaging learning experiences that foster a love for language learning and pro-mote deeper understanding
Investigation of the Mechanical Attributes of Porous Concrete and its Performance Analysis Using Superplasticizers
Full text linkPervious concrete is a mixture of binding material, aggregate, water, and admixture. The water content plays an important role in the performance of the pervious concrete. When the water content is reduced, the density of the pervious concrete mix increases. The increased density also increases the strength, the weathering resistance increases, and permeability decreases, for wetting and drying the variations of volume decrease, and shrinkage cracking abilities also decrease. This experimental study was carried out to find out the optimum percentage of locally available superplasticizers on the workability and compressive strength of Pervious concrete and to compare the results of Pervious concrete with conventional concrete. Three different percentages of superplasticizer were utilized, with dosage ranging from 1% to 2% with an increment of 0.5%. The water-cement ratio remained constant at 0.25 for all pervious concrete samples. Based upon the results, all three percentages of superplasticizer increased the workability and compressive strength of Pervious concrete. The optimum dosage of super plasticizer was determined to be 1.5% which provided the maximum compressive. The pervious concrete can be used in low-volume traffic. The strength of pervious concrete can be increased by using high-performance cement and superplasticizers
Exploring Good Governance's Role in Sustainable Development: A Developed and Developing Countries Comparison
No full textAbstracts: Good governance has emerged as a pivotal factor influencing the attainment of sustainable development goals. Its impact resonates differently across diverse socio-economic contexts, prompting the need for a comparative analysis between developed and developing countries. This research aims to evaluate the priority status and significance of the good governance agenda in driving sustainable development. By examining the practices and challenges faced by both developed and developing nations, a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics between effective governance and sustainable development is sought. This qualitative study examines the connection between good governance and sustainable development through analyzing secondary data sources. By selecting relevant and credible materials, thematic analysis identifies patterns in the relationship. Systematic processes enhance validity and reliability, although limitations stem from potential biases and lack of primary data interaction. The findings underscore the symbiotic nature of good governance and sustainable development, transcending developmental boundaries. Developed countries exhibit well-established governance practices, placing transparency, accountability, and inclusivity at the forefront. In contrast, developing nations grapple with challenges such as corruption, weak institutions, and limited resources, impacting their journey towards sustainable development. This study illuminates the paramount importance of good governance in advancing sustainable development goals, regardless of a country's developmental stage. While challenges persist, international collaboration and knowledge sharing emerge as avenues to bridge the gap between developed and developing countries. Ultimately, embracing transparent, accountable, and inclusive governance practices becomes the cornerstone of a future marked by equitable growth, environmental stewardship, and societal well-being
Right To Property and Maintenance of Illegitimate Child Under Hindu Law
Full text linkThe concept of property is evolving from the days of adopting the law relating to property of Hindu people. The laws relating to property undergoes many changes from time to time as to accommodate the changing need of the society. The major changes in the law of property held after the adoption of our Constitution. The Article 14 of the Constitution of India guarantees equality among men and women as a fundamental right. Following by Article 15 which allows special provisions can be made for women and child. Article 19 1(f) which said that right to property was a fundamental right, which later on amended and now property is a legal right under article 300A of the Constitution of India. Article 39(f) which is directive principle also concern about the safeguard of the child. The court observed that right to property is not only a constitutional right but also a human right1, and no person can be deprived of his property save and except by and in accordance with law. Due to Constitutional guarantees the legislature has brought Hindu Succession Act in 19562 and Hindu Marriage Act in 19553 along with three other Acts. Hindu Succession Act has amended and codified the law relating to intestate succession4. This Act has laid down a uniform and comprehensive system of inheritance of property. Moreover this Act gave rights to women to property which were unknown till then. The provision of this Act in relation to property is clear for legitimate child, but is silent for illegitimate child. The paper will focus on the right of illegitimate progeny to maintenance from their parents as well as right of inheritance to their parents self acquired as well as ancestral property in a Hindu family
Sorption Of Rare Metal Ions by Ionite Based on Diglycidyl Thiourea and Various Amines
No full textThe article studies the process of sorption of molybdenum and vanadium ions on anion exchangers obtained on the basis of thiourea, epichlorohydrin and various amines. Various amines (urea, guanidine, melamine, polyethylene polyamine, ethylenediamine, etc.) are used as substances containing ionic groups. The regularities of ion exchange and the main properties of the tested anionites are given, the influence of the pH of the medium and interfering ions in the process of sorption of molybdenum and vanadium ions are studied. For vanadium, the use of empirical partition relations and of an extended Freundlich equation were tested, with promising results. The objective of this paper is to investigate the use of the pH dependent Freundlich model of Gustafsson et al., for describing vanadate(V) sorption to 26 mineral soils (all having less than 12% organic C), and to discuss the possible use of the model for risk assessments. The kinetic curves of the sorption process, the values of the diffusion coefficients for the initial periods of molybdenum sorption are given. In particular, the distribution coefficient of the radiotracers of 99Mo and 131I as homologs of Sg and Ts using the surface modification of chabazite was investigated as liquid-solid system in the present study. The kinetics of molybdenum sorption was carried out under static conditions from an ammonium molybdate solution with a concentration of 1 g/L for molybdenum ions and at pH 4.5–5. Under the same conditions, molybdenum ions are sorbed much faster by the DGT + M anion exchanger in comparison with AN-2F anion exchangers, in which the diffusion coefficient is much lower. The static exchange capacity (SEC) was determined in industrial solutions in the presence of mineral acids (hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric), usually contained in them. The obtained kinetic equilibrium parameters of the tested anion exchangers were compared with those of industrial polycondensation anion exchangers, such as AN-2F and AN-1
Achieving Operational Excellence in North American Supply Chains: Assessing the Impact of Digital Transformation and Sustainable Practices
No full textThe North American supply chain, essential to the economies of the United States, Canada, and Mexico, stands as one of the largest trade exporters. However, it has encountered numerous challenges and disruptions since the onset of COVID-19. In response, companies are focusing on enhancing speed and agility within their operations, with supply chain configuration becoming a key priority. Achieving operational excellence in North American supply chains is increasingly linked to the adoption of digital transformation and sustainable practices. There is growing pressure on supply chains across North America to integrate digital technologies and sustainability initiatives to attain operational excellence. This integration includes improving operational excellence methodologies like Lean and Six Sigma, which can be enhanced through digital transformation using technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) to boost efficiency. This paper explores operational excellence and the effects of digitalization and sustainability on it. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating a literature review and a quantitative online survey of 2,000 supply chain professionals across North America, achieving a 78% response rate. By investigating digital innovations and sustainable practices, the study assesses their impact on efficiency, resilience, and stakeholder perceptions. The findings suggest that the adoption of advanced technologies like IoT and sustainable initiatives significantly improves both operational performance and compliance with environmental and social standards