University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجي
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Intelligent Edges: Mapping the Future Convergence of Edge Computing and Big Data Analytics
Get PDFThe changing scene of edge computing is causing a revolution in technology. It has an impact on distributed intelligence, makes performance better, and has applications across many industries. This well-planned study looked at 78% of recent writings. It showed big changes in how edge computing is built and what it can do.
The research shows big improvements in how well things work. It cuts down the time it takes to respond by 65%, uses 72% less data to transfer information, and keeps the system running 99.95% of the time. Some key tech breakthroughs include new smaller AI models that are 75% smaller but still 95% as accurate. The study also looks at ways to learn from data while keeping it private, which helps follow the rules and makes things run smoother.
Studies in manufacturing and healthcare show game-changing possibilities. Defect detection has become 99.3% accurate, while remote patient monitoring now works with less than 50ms delay. These changes have a big impact on the economy. They cut costs by 35-45% and boost returns on investment by up to 285% in different fields.
Also, in the future, it is expected that such trends will continue. Particularly, within a decade from now, the projected evolution percentage may reach 85% for system autonomy; ×3.5 for operability in processing power; and 65% in energy efficiency. Edge computing has been defined as "computation happening anywhere near the data sources and control"
Improved Depression System Using Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System
Get PDFThe place of depression in impeding organisational productivity cannot be overemphasised, as this silent and almost neglected mental health disorder has caused loss of revenue, loss of jobs, death, and risk of suicide in the workplace. Depression is a prevalent and dangerous medical condition that has an adverse effect on one\u27s emotions, thoughts, and behaviour. Some of the basic symptoms of depression include sadness and/or a loss of interest in once-enjoyed activities, and it can impair the capacity of an individual to perform both at work and at home and result in a range of emotional and physical issues. With an estimated 6.7%, which accounts for one in fifteen adults suffering from depression in any given year. Furthermore, 16.6% of people, or one in six, will at some point in their lives experience depression; therefore, the need for a system to accurately detect the disease in a timely manner. This paper, therefore, proposes the development of a workplace depression detection system using a mobile application development platform. The proposed system was developed in Android Studio with Java and Kotlin using the object-orientated analysis and design (OOAD) methodology, which is a flexible software development paradigm that takes an object-orientated approach. The new mobile apps have great potential in addressing the burden of workplace depression with the aim to intervene with at-risk people, particularly in the workplace, which is crucial to their effectiveness, as the system shows high accuracy in identifying depression, and it is portable, secure, and user-friendly, providing an amazing user experience (UX). The system can be implemented and used in the workplace, making it accessible to all and thereby enhancing employee efficiency and productivity
The role of sustainable development in enhancing the quality of life in residential neighborhoods
No full textتُسهم مبادئ التنمية المستدامة في تعزيز جودة الحياة، عبر توفير بيئاتٍ سكنيةٍ صحيةٍ ومريحة. تتيح هذه المبادئ للمجتمعات مواجهة التحديات البيئية والاجتماعية بفعالية، مع تحسين رفاهية الأفراد. تُعد الاستدامة أساسًا حيويًا لتحقيق التوازن بين الاحتياجات البيئية، الاجتماعية، والاقتصادية في الأحياء السكنية، وتركز العمارة المستدامة، أو العمارة الخضراء، على تصميم مبانٍ تحافظ على البيئة، وتقلل من الآثار السلبية للبناء، مع تحسين كفاءة استخدام الموارد، مثل الطاقة والمياه. وتُعد هذه المبادئ ضروريةً لضمان استدامة المجاورات السكنية، وتعزيز جودة الحياة فيها، وتهدف الدراسة إلى تحليل دور الاستدامة، عبر العمارة الخضراء، باعتبارها جزءًا أساسيًا في تحقيق التوازن البيئي. كما تسلط الضوء على الجوانب البيئية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية لتصميم الأحياء السكنية، كما تبرز أهمية الدراسة في سياق التحول العالمي نحو بناء مدنٍ مستدامةٍ تحافظ على الموارد الطبيعية، وتخلق بيئاتٍ معيشيةٍ صحيةٍ للسكان. تسعى إلى دراسة كيفية تحقيق التوازن بين الاحتياجات المختلفة بما يضمن رفاهية مستدامة، كما أن الدراسة تعتمد على إطارٍ نظري، يستعرض الخلفيات المرجعية لتعزيز المسطحات الخضراء لتحقيق استدامةٍ بيئيةٍ واجتماعيةٍ واقتصادية، مع التركيز على الإنسان بوصفه محورًا للتنمية المستدامة. كما تستعرض نماذج لمجاورات سكنية؛ بهدف تقييم مدى تطبيق مبادئ الاستدامة فيها. وتمثل الدراسة خطوةً علميةً نحو تطوير حلولٍ مستدامةٍ لتحسين الحياة في الأحياء السكنية، بما يحقق التوازن بين احتياجات الحاضر، وضمان مستقبلٍ مستدام.Sustainable development principles contribute to enhance the quality of life by providing healthy and comfortable residential environments. These principles enable communities to effectively address environmental and social challenges while improving individual well-being. Sustainability is a vital foundation for achieving a balance among environmental, social, and economic needs in residential neighborhoods. Sustainable architecture, or green architecture, focuses on designing buildings that preserve the environment, minimize the negative impacts of construction, and enhance the efficient use of resources such as energy and water. These principles are essential for ensuring the sustainability of residential neighborhoods and enhancing their quality of life, study aims to analyze the role of sustainability, particularly through green architecture, as a core part in achieving environmental balance. It highlights the environmental, social, and economic aspects of residential neighborhood design. The study emphasizes its importance within the global shift towards building sustainable cities that conserve natural resources and create healthy living environments for residents. It looks to explore how to balance various needs to ensure sustainable well-being, also study adopts a theoretical framework that reviews references for enhancing green spaces to achieve environmental, social, and economic sustainability, focusing on humans as the core of sustainable development. It also examines residential neighborhood models to evaluate the application of sustainability principles. Furthermore, the study stands for a scientific step toward developing sustainable solutions to improve living conditions in residential neighborhoods, achieving a balance between present needs and a sustainable future
EFFECT OF CATTLE MANURE VERMICOMPOST ON BEAN ROOT ROT PATHOGENS IN THE GREENHOUSE POT EXPERIMENTS
Get PDFThe root rot disease in beans is one of the limiting factors affecting common bean production worldwide. Under favourable conditions, the disease can cause yield losses of up to 75%. Control and management strategies of the disease mostly involve the use of fungicides. However, this method is expensive for the majority of farmers, and excessive use of fungicides is detrimental to the environment. Therefore, researchers extensively explore eco-friendly alternatives to minimise adverse effects and the use of synthetic fungicides. One of such options is the use of cattle manure vermicompost. The study was conducted from March to April 2023 at the research greenhouse of the department of plant science of the faculty of agriculture of Chuka University, Kenya. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of cattle manure vermicompost on the severity of root rot in beans in the greenhouse pot experiments. An experimental research design was used to collect data on the effect of cattle manure vermicompost on the severity of pathogens causing bean root rot in the greenhouse pot experiments. Analysis of variance was used to determine if there was a significant effect of cattle manure vermicompost on the severity of root rot pathogens in beans in the greenhouse pot experiments. The Least Significant Difference was used for separation of significant means at α = 0.05. The study findings showed that cattle manure vermicompost significantly reduced the severity of root rot disease in beans during greenhouse pot experiments (p < 0.05). The maximum suppression effect of the disease was observed at a 40% amendment of cattle manure vermicompost, with the lowest disease severity index between 0 and 3.3. Therefore, the management of root rot disease in bean production should incorporate cattle manure vermicompost
Shifted Legendre Basis Functions on the Numerical Solution for the Class of Linear Integro Differential Equation.
Get PDFThis work discusses shifted Legendre basis functions on the numerical solution for the class of integro-differential equations. This class of problems is challenging to solve analytically, necessitating an approximate numerical solution. Legendre polynomials are used as basis functions in the approximation to provide solutions to such problems. This method involves less computational cost and less computer storage. The results obtained are in total agreement with Daraina (2016)
A Study of the M-Projective Curvature Tensor in Generalized Recurrent and Birecurrent Finsler Spaces
Get PDFThis paper aims to examine the properties of the M-projective curvature tensor in the context of generalized Finsler spaces, specifically within the framework of a -space. The study begins with the derivation of the M-projective curvature tensor, which is expressed as the sum of the standard M-projective curvature tensor and additional terms involving the Ricci tensor and scalar curvature. Through covariant differentiation, the behavior of this tensor under certain conditions is analyzed, leading to a set of conditions necessary for the space to exhibit generalized recurrent Finsler properties. The paper includes multiple theorems that explore these relationships, proving that the M-projective curvature tensor satisfies the conditions for generalized recurrent Finsler spaces. Additionally, the work introduces the concept of generalized birecurrent Finsler spaces and presents several characterization theorems. Finally, the results are corroborated with computational formulations that demonstrate the conditions under which the tensor relationships hold true
Combining Deep Learning with Edge Computing in Improving Accessibility and Performance of E-Learning
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Through a descriptive analysis, this study investigates how to improve the performance and accessibility of e-learning systems integrating deep learning (DL) with edge computing (EC). The COVID-19 epidemic has exposed obstacles to real-time interactions and scalability in traditional cloud-based e-learning, including latency, bandwidth limitations, and privacy problems. Through utilizing deep learning\u27s adaptability and edge computing\u27s decentralized design, this study suggests a three-tier architecture (end-user devices, edge servers, and cloud clusters) to enhance security, minimize latency, and optimize data processing. Through a comparative analysis of cloud-based and edge-enabled systems, the study highlights the advantages of this hybrid approach, including faster response times, reduced network congestion, and enhanced privacy. The findings demonstrate the potential of edge-based deep learning to revolutionize e-learning by enabling personalized, real-time, and offline-capable educational experiences
Enhancing Students\u27 Academic Performance Classification in E-Learning Using Hybrid Model (Random Forest and Deep Neural Network )
Get PDFThis study investigates how a hybrid model that combines Random Forest (RF) and Deep Neural Networks (DNN) might improve the classification of academic performance in e-learning environments. The study makes use of sophisticated data processing methods like feature selection and normalisation, drawing on the xAPI-Edu dataset, which comprises demographic and behavioural information from 480 students. With accuracies ranging from 68% to 92%, prior research has demonstrated the efficacy of several algorithms, including XGBoost and Logistic Regression, in forecasting student performance. These studies, however, frequently encountered difficulties with multi-class categorisation, which our model resolves by separating low, medium, and high performance with a noteworthy 80% accuracy. Crucially, the study shows that tri-class data has a detrimental effect on algorithm performance, as seen by the outcomes. With an accuracy of up to 96% in binary classifications, the hybrid model demonstrates its potential to enhance educational data mining and facilitate well-informed decision-making in academic settings
Fintech-Driven Risk and Return Analysis of Shariah-Compliant Mutual Funds: Evidence from Oman
Get PDFShariah-compliant mutual funds widen the scope of ethical investing avenues available in in Islamic finance. The enhancement of portfolio performance in these funds becomes increasingly more important with the application of new age fintech and its considerations to risk-return relationships. Moreover, there are limited studies on the risk-return configuration of Shariah mutual funds in Oman, particularly the effect of year-to-date (YTD) volatility. This study analyzes the impact of fintech-driven risk measures on the performance of the Al Kawthar Shariah-compliant mutual fund in Oman using regression analysis of monthly data from 2017 to 2024. It apples fintech techniques to determine how YTD volatility is associated with key financial parameters like Standard deviation, Sharpe ratio, and Beta, Information Ratio, and Annualized Alpha in case of Al Kawthar fund. Using regression analysis, we assess the effect of these parameters on YTD returns and risk-adjusted performance using monthly data from December 2017 to March 2024. The analysis demonstrates that the scope of prediction of these indicators accounts for 27.1% of variability in the YTD return with higher Annualized Alpha and Sharpe Ratio contributing positively to fund outcomes while YTD Volatility undermines it. The report forwards understanding of Oman’s Shariah-compliant mutual funds as well as demonstrates the efficacy fintech can have in advancing risk management frameworks and assisting fund managers towards optimized risk-return configurations
The Extent of Educational Outcomes Quality Achieving in the Light of International Accreditations of Academic Programs in Jordanian Universities
No full textهدفت الدراسة الحاليّة تَعرُّفَ مدى تحقيق جودة المُخرجات التعليميّة في ضوء الاعتمادات الدوليّة للبرامج الأكاديميّة في الجامعات الأردنيّة. واستُخدم المنهج الوصفي المسحيّ، والاستبانة لجمع البيانات وصمّمت من 28 فقرة موزّعة على أربعة محاور، وبعد إجراءات التحقّق من صدقها وثباتها وُزّعت على عيّنة مكوّنة من 751 عضوا من أعضاء هيئات التدريس في الجامعات الأردنيّة للعام الدراسيّ 2022/2023. وأظهرت النتائج ارتفاع درجة تقدير أفراد عيّنة الدراسة لأهميّة الاعتمادات الدوليّة للبرامج الأكاديميّة في الجامعات الأردنيّة، وارتفاع درجة تقديرهم للمعوّقات التي تواجه الاعتمادات الدوليّة للبرامج الأكاديميّة في الجامعات الأردنيّة، وتوسط درجة تقديرهم لكل من المحور الثاني المتعلق بمدى كفاءة الاعتمادات الدوليّة في تحقيق جودة البرامج الأكاديميّة في الجامعات الأردنيّة. والثالث المتعلق بـالنتائج الفعليّة للاعتمادات الدوليّة للبرامج الأكاديميّة في الجامعات الأردنيّة. كما أظهرت النتائج أن هناك فروقا دالة إحصائيا عند مستوع الدلالة (α= 0.05) تُعزى لمتغيّر الجنس، لصالح الإناث، ولمتغير الرتبة العلميّة، لصالح رتبة الأستاذ المُساعد. وفي ضوء هذه النتائج أوصى الباحثان بالاهتمام بالجودة الحقيقية وفاءً لمتطلبات الاعتمادات الدوليّة، وألا يتم اللجوء إليها لغايات ترويجية دون اهتمام بالتطوير الحقيقي للبرامج ومخرجاتها، وعلى الجامعات إيجاد حلول تقنيّة، ورقمنة الإجراءات؛ للتقليل من أعباء متطلبات الجودة والاعتماد الأكاديميّ التي تقع على عاتق أعضاء هيئة التدريس.This study aimed to recognize the extent of educational outcomes quality achieving in the light of international accreditations of academic programs in Jordanian universities The descriptive survey approach was used, and a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 751 faculty members in Jordanian universities for the academic year 2022/2023. The results showed a high degree of evaluation of the importance of international accreditations for academic programs, a high degree of evaluation of the obstacles facing international accreditations in Jordanian universities, and an average degree of each of their evaluation of the efficiency of international accreditations in achieving the quality of academic programs in Jordanian universities. And their evaluation of the actual results of those accreditations. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (α = 0.05) attributed to the gender variable, in favor of females, and to the academic rank variable, in favor of the rank of assistant professor. In light of these results, the researchers recommended paying attention to real quality in order to meet the requirements of international accreditation, Universities should find technical solutions and digitize procedures to reduce the burdens of quality requirements and academic accreditation that fall on faculty members