University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجي
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The impact of small enterprise entrepreneurship in achieving sustainable development in Ma’rib Governorate
No full textهدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر ريادة الأعمال للمشروعات الصغيرة في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة في محافظة مأرب، وقد تكوَّن مجتمع الدراسة من (100) من المشروعات الصغيرة، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة جرى الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدمت الاستبانة أداةً لجمع البيانات من العينة التي تكوَّنت من (100) مفردة، غير أن عدد الاستبانات التي استعيدت وكانت صالحة للتحليل (80) استبانة، ومن تحليل البيانات باستخدام أساليب التحليل الوصفي بواسطة البرنامج الإحصائي(SPSS) ، توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود أثرٍ إيجابي لأبعاد ريادة أعمال المشروعات الصغيرة (التفرد، المبادأة، المخاطرة، الإبداع، الابتكار) في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة (البُعد الاقتصادي، البُعد الاجتماعي، البُعد البيئي).
بينما توجد فروقٌ ذات دلالةٍ إحصائيةٍ في متغير العمر ولصالح الفئة العمرية (30) سنة وأكثر، ومتغير المؤهل لصالح فئة الماجستير، ومتغير سنوات الخبرة لصالح فئة (10) سنوات فما فوق.
قدمت الدراسة توصيات، أهمها تعزيز ثقافة ريادة أعمال المشروعات الصغيرة؛ لما لها من أثرٍ إيجابي في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة.The study aimed to determine the impact of entrepreneurship for small projects on achieving sustainable development in Marib Governorate. The study population consisted of 100 small projects. To achieve the study\u27s objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, and a questionnaire was used as a data collection tool from the sample, which consisted of 100 individuals. However, the number of returned and valid questionnaires for analysis was 80. From data analysis using descriptive analysis methods and simple and multiple regression analysis through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program, the study concluded that there is a positive impact of the dimensions of entrepreneurship for small projects on achieving sustainable development.
The study provided recommendations, the most important of which is to promote the culture of entrepreneurship for small projects due to its positive impact on achieving sustainable development
Impact of Innovative Leadership on Employees Performance : Case Study of Al-Qutaibi Islamic Bank -Aden
Full text linkالهدف الرئيسي لهذه الدراسة هو استكشاف العلاقة بين القيادة الابتكارية وأداء الموظفين داخل مؤسسة مصرفية في عدن – اليمن وهي (بنك القطيبي) حيث تم تمثيل بيان المشكلة للإجابة على السؤال التالي : ما أثر القيادة الابتكارية بأبعادها على أداء العاملين بأبعادها في القطاع المصرفي باستهداف (بنك القطيبي –عدن)؟ واستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الاستنباطي والبرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS) لتحديد فقرات العينة، وبلغ عدد الاستبانات التي استخدمت للتحليل 60 استبانة. وبلغت العينة المناسبة للدراسة 51 استبانة بعد استبعاد 9 منها غير صالحة. وأظهرت النتائج أن الموظفين أبلغوا عن تصورات إيجابية لممارسات القيادة المبتكرة، مع متوسط درجات مرتفع في التمكين والتواصل والإبداع والتعاون. وترتبط هذه التصورات الإيجابية بمستويات عالية من الرضا الوظيفي، وخبرة العمل الإيجابية، والأداء الوظيفي القوي ولُخصت هذه الدراسة إلى أن أساليب القيادة المبتكرة تؤكد على التمكين والتواصل والإبداع والتعاون ليكون لها تأثير إيجابي كبير على إدراك الموظفين وأدائهم في البيئة المصرفية. وتوصي الدراسة بتطوير الأساليب التي يمكن استخدامها لقياس أداء الابتكار. إن وضع قياسات محددة لتقييم مدى تأثير تقنيات القيادة هذه على نتائج الابتكار الفعلية للبنك سيكون مفيدًا. تعتمد الدراسة على البيانات المبلغ عنها ذاتيا وتركز على منظمة واحدة. يمكن للدراسات المستقبلية استكشاف التدابير الموضوعية للابتكار وتوسيع نطاق البحث ليشمل الصناعات الأخرى.The main objective of this study is to identify the relationship between innovative leadership and employee performance within a banking institution in Aden- Yemen which is ( Al-Qutaibi Islamic Bank )Where the problem statement was represented to answer the following question : What is the impact of innovative leadership with it’s dimensions on employees performance with it’s dimensions in the banking sector targeting (Al-Qutaibi Islamic Bank -Aden)? The researchers used the descriptive analytical method and statistical program (SPSS) to determine the sample items, there were 60 questionnaires that was used for the analysis. The sample appropriate for study was 51 questionnaires after excluding the 9 invalid ones. Results showed that Employees reported positive perceptions of innovative leadership practices, with high average scores in empowerment, communication, creativity, and collaboration. This study concluded that Innovative leadership styles emphasises on empowerment, communication, creativity, and collaboration to have a significant positive impact on employee perception and performance in a banking environment. The study recommends developing methods that can be used to measure innovation performance. The study relies on self-reported data and focuses on a single organization. Future studies could explore objective measures of innovation and expand research to other industries
Features of the phonological lesson among the ancient ArabsSibawayh as a model
No full textلاشك أنَّ النسق الفكري اللغوي الذي أحدثه الخليل الفراهيدي لم يكن الوحيد من نوعه، بل يُعدُّ الانطلاقة للأنساق الفعلية للدراسات اللغوية آنذاك، شأنه في ذلك شأن الانطلاقة اللسانية الحديثة الذي انبثقت مع دو سوسير في الغرب، ومن البديهي أنَّ كل نظرية برزت إلا واحتوت على نقائص، تلكم النقائص تتيح الفرصة لبناء نظرية أخرى، والتي انمازت بجملة من الأفكار اللغوية والتي ردفت بظهور المدرسة الخليلية ثم مدرسة تلميذه سيبويه، الذي انطلق من معطيات أستاذه، وقد أشار إلى ذلك في كتابه "الكتاب"، فقبل الولوج في حججه اللغوي ،كما سماها الجاحظ نقف عند الدرس الصوتي خاصة لدى سيبويه، ومن هنا، علينا أن نقف عند سيرته الذاتية والعلمية، فمن يكون هذا العالم اللغوي؟ وما الذي قدمه لاكتمال هذه الدائرة المعرفية اللغوية؟ سأجيب عن هذه الأسئلة وغيرها في هذا البحث، وفق المنهج الوصفي التحليلي.There is no doubt that the linguistic intellectual system created by Al-Khalil Al-Farahidi was not the only one of its kind, but rather it is considered the launch of the actual systems of linguistic studies at that time, as is the case with the modern linguistic launch that emerged with de Saussure in the West. It is obvious that every theory that emerged contained shortcomings, and those shortcomings provide the opportunity to build another theory, which was characterized by a set of linguistic ideas that were followed by the emergence of the Al-Khalil school and then the school of his student Sibawayh, who started from the data of his teacher, and he referred to that in his book "The Book". Before delving into his linguistic arguments, as Al-Jahiz called them, we stop at the phonetic study, especially with Sibawayh, and from here we must stop at his personal and scientific biography. Who is this linguist? What did he provide to complete this linguistic cognitive circle? I will answer these questions and others in this research according to the descriptive analytical method
The Impact of Management Information Systems on Employees Performance in the Civil Service and Insurance Office – Taiz
No full textهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة مستوى توافر متطلبات نظم المعلومات الإدارية (المادية، والبرمجية، والبشرية، والتنظيمية)، وأثرها في أداء العاملين في مكتب الخدمة المدنية والتأمينات في تعز، باستخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم جمع البيانات عبر استبانات موزعة على جميع العاملين في المكتب البالغ عددهم (200) عاملًا، وتم استرداد (159) استبانة، حيث تم تحليل (109) منها عبر برنامج SPSS باستخدام التحليل الوصفي، والانحدار البسيط والمتعدد، وأظهرت النتائج مستوى توافرٍ عامٍ متوسطٍ لمتطلبات نظم المعلومات الإدارية، مع تفاوت في مستويات التوافر بين المرتفع والمتوسط، وكانت المتطلبات البشرية الأكثر توافرًا، تليها المتطلبات التنظيمية، ثم المادية، وأخيرًا البرمجية، كما وجدت الدراسة أثرًا إيجابيًا لجميع المتطلبات الأربعة لنظم المعلومات الإدارية في أداء العاملين، وتؤكد هذه النتائج أهمية توافر متطلبات نظم المعلومات الإدارية لتعزيز أداء العاملين وتقدم رؤى لتحسين نظم المعلومات في المكاتب الحكومية.This study aimed to know the level of availability of management information systems (MIS) requirements (hardware, software, human, and organizational), levels, and their impact on employees’ performance in the Civil Service and Insurance Office in Taiz. Using an analytical descriptive approach, data were collected via questionnaires from all 200 office employees. A total of 159 responses were retrieved, with 109 analyzed using SPSS for descriptive analysis, simple regression, and multiple regression. Results revealed a generally moderate availability of MIS requirements, with human requirements being the most available, followed by organizational, hardware, and software requirements. The study found a positive impact of all four MIS requirements on employee performance. These findings highlight the importance of availability MIS requirements to enhance employee performance and provide insights for improving information systems in the government offices
Effectiveness of Internal Audit of Islamic Banks in the Republic of Yemen
No full textهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم فاعلية المراجعة الداخلية في البنوك الإسلامية في الجمهورية اليمنية، وقد شملت الدراسة خمسة بنوك إسلامية في الجمهورية اليمنية، وتمثل البنوك الإسلامية التي مر على تأسيسها أكثر من 10 سنوات، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم جمع البيانات من (103) من المراجعين الداخليين والمحاسبين في البنوك المستهدفة، باستخدام استبانة تم تصميمها وتوزيعها لهذا الغرض، وقد استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وأُجريت المعالجة الإحصائية باستخدام برنامج(SPSS) ، واعتمدت الدراسة على أساليب تحليل متعددة مثل المتوسطات الحسابية، والانحراف المعياري، وأثبتت الدراسة أن المراجعة الداخلية في البنوك الإسلامية في اليمن تتمتع بفاعلية عالية، مدعومة بالاستقلالية ودعم مجلس الإدارة، مما يسهم في تحسين الأداء وضمان الامتثال الاستراتيجي.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of internal auditing in Islamic banks operating in the Republic of Yemen. The study covered five Islamic banks in Yemen that have been established for more than ten years. To achieve the objective of the study, data were collected from a 103 internal auditors and accountants of the targeted banks. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and used. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS program, and the study used different analytical methods such as means and standard deviation. The study demonstrated that internal auditing in Islamic banks in Yemen is highly effective, supported by independence and the backing of the Board of Directors, which contributes to improve performance and ensures strategic compliance
Comparison between Micro Sandblaster and Direct Flame Technique for Removing Adhesive Remnants from Debonded Orthodontic Metal Bracket Bases
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Background: The removal methods of adhesive resin remain a subject of debate among researchers regarding the most effective approach for reconditioning debonded brackets from the tooth.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro sandblaster and direct flame technique for removing adhesive remnants from debonded orthodontic metal bracket bases.
Method: The research design was experimental and involved comparing the micro sandblaster and direct flame technique in removing adhesive remnant using purposive sampling. Thirty (30) metal brackets were divided into two groups and soaked for 24 hours in an incubator before applying the two methods of removal. The samples were examined in optical microscopy, and the areas of adhesive remnants were analyzed and measured as a percentage of the digital images using the ImageJ analysis software function. Pixels were converted into millimeters (mm). Statistical analyses, including Shapiro-Wilk Test, Levene’s Test, and T-Test for Independent samples were conducted.
Results: The micro sandblaster group exhibited the lowest mean value at 1.518 mm +1.159 (mean + standard deviation), while the direct flame group showed the highest value at 2.264 mm +1.262. The Levene’s Test result was 0.079, and the T-Test for Independent Samples yielded a p-value of 0.103 which exceeded the predetermined significance level of 0.05.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the micro sandblaster and direct flame techniques for removing adhesive residues from debonded metal brackets showed statistically insignificant differences. Either of these methods may be a viable approach for operators to use when reconditioning dislodged brackets.
Comparative Nutritional Analysis: Routine Dietary Intake vs. Recommended Guidelines – A Case Study of a 27-Year-Old Male Athlete in Khartoum, Sudan
Full text linkThis case report evaluates the nutritional status of a 27-year-old male basketball athlete who trains for approximately 3 hours once a week on the basketball court at Umst/Mecca Street in Khartoum state. Using the Mifflin-St Jeor Equation, his Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) was calculated at 1,740 kcal/day, leading to a Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) of 4,618.95 kcal/day when accounting for physical activity. A 24-hour dietary recall revealed an energy intake of 2,714.7 kcal/day, resulting in a significant caloric deficit of around 1,904.25 kcal/day. Macronutrient analysis showed that his intake of carbohydrates (265 g), protein (188 g), and fats (100.3 g) fell short of optimal recommendations for an athlete of his profile. Specifically, carbohydrate intake was far below the recommended 500-700g, while protein was high but could be moderated for better recovery. Recommendations include substantially increasing carbohydrate intake to 500-600g, reducing protein to 128-160g to better align with recovery needs, and incorporating more healthy fats (120-130g) to enhance caloric intake. These adjustments are essential to improve performance, support recovery, and ensure the athlete’s long-term health and well-being. Regular dietary assessments will help adapt to the training demands effectively
Shaping the Future of Oral Cancer Prevention in Yemen: Knowledge and Attitudes of Dental Students
Full text linkBackground: Oral cancer is a significant public health issue globally, with over 300,000 new cases diagnosed annually. In Yemen, oral cancer is particularly prevalent, exacerbated by cultural practices such as the consumption of shammah (smokeless tobacco) and qat (a stimulant).
Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Yemeni dental students concerning oral cancer, with the aim of identifying knowledge gaps and proposing strategies to improve oral cancer care in Yemen.
Method: A cross-sectional multicenter survey was conducted among dental students from multiple universities across Yemen. A structured questionnaire was designed to assess participants’ knowledge of oral cancer risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment options, and their attitudes toward patient education and prevention. A total of 247 dental students participated in the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic data and survey responses, while chi-square tests assessed associations between demographic factors and knowledge levels.
Results: The majority of participants (93.1%) were aged between 20 and 29 years, and 64.8% were female. A significant knowledge gap was observed, with 84.2% of respondents unable to accurately identify oral cancer risk factors and 84.8% failing to recognize its clinical symptoms. Although 64% of participants agreed on the importance of annual screenings, only 22.3% demonstrated knowledge of diagnostic tools. Younger students with 0–5 years of experience exhibited better knowledge of risk factors and treatment options than their more experienced counterparts. Gender differences were marginal, with men showing slightly higher awareness of risk factors (p=0.022). A strong consensus (87.9%) emerged regarding the importance of patient education and counseling in oral cancer prevention.
Conclusion: This study highlights critical gaps in the knowledge and awareness of oral cancer among Yemeni dental students, particularly in risk factors, clinical signs, and diagnostic methods. While there is a clear recognition of the importance of patient education, the limited knowledge of diagnostic tools and clinical features suggests the need for enhanced training and continuous education
Platelet Indices: A Low-Cost Early Warning System for Preeclampsia in Yemen\u27s Fragile Healthcare Settings
Full text linkBackground: Preeclampsia remains a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-resource settings like Yemen. Early prediction is crucial for timely intervention.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate changes in platelet parameters among pregnant women in Al-Dhalea Governorate, Yemen, and assess their potential as predictive markers for preeclampsia development.
Method: A case of 35 years old primigravida married-patient who had illegally induced abortion and referred to our hospital with a bowel prolapse through the vagina. Bowel resection with end-to-end anastomosis was performed. Due to the severity of uterine damage, a total hysterectomy was performed.
Results: This study investigated platelet indices in preeclampsia, revealing significant hematological alterations compared to healthy controls. Preeclamptic women exhibited markedly lower platelet counts (238.9 ± 56.2 × 10⁹/L vs. 284.7 ± 75.6 × 10⁹/L, P < 0.001), suggesting platelet consumption. Concurrently, increased mean platelet volume (MPV) (8.72 ± 0.72 fL vs. 7.96 ± 1.01 fL, P < 0.001) and slightly elevated platelet distribution width (PDW) (15.85 ± 0.34 vs. 15.67 ± 0.27, P = 0.003) indicated platelet activation and turnover. Although platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) showed a non-significant upward trend (0.21 ± 0.08 vs. 0.10 ± 0.45, P = 0.12), the overall pattern of platelet parameter changes supports their potential role as biomarkers for preeclampsia progression and severity. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring platelet indices in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia and increased MPV serve as early, low-cost indicators of PE risk in Yemeni women, demonstrating the potential of platelet indices in resource-limited settings. At just $0.50 per test, this approach could prevent 1 in 3 maternal deaths in Yemen, according to WHO estimates, making it the most cost-effective screening tool for preeclampsia in conflict zones
Interalar-to-Intercanine Distance Ratio in Sudanese Dentate Adults: Anthropometric Foundations for Anterior Teeth Selection in Edentulous Patients
Full text linkBackground: For edentulous patients without pre-extraction records, selecting appropriate measurements for maxillary anterior teeth can be difficult.
Objective: To develop a reliable guideline for the Sudanese population, this study examines the relationship between interalar width (IAW) and intercanine distance (ICD).
Methods: A total of 114 Sudanese individuals with full natural dentition (45 men and 69 women) participated in a cross-sectional study. A digital caliper was used in a clinical setting to measure IAW, and dental casts were used to get ICD. Independent t-tests (p < 0.05) and Pearson correlation were used in the statistical analysis.
Results: The average IAW was 40.00 ± 3.8 mm (p < 0.001) for males (42.7 mm) and for females (38.3 mm). The average ICD was 35.93 ± 2.1 mm (p = 0.003), with males measuring 37.1 mm and females measuring 35.19 mm. Dividing the IAW by ICD gives a 1.1 ratio.
Conclusion: A robust association was found between IAW and ICD, endorsing the application of a 1.1 ratio as a dependable reference for choosing anterior teeth in edentulous Sudanese patients