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The Gazette October 22, 2004
Get PDFThe student newspaper for Langston University.https://dclu.langston.edu/archives_gazette_newspaper_20002009/1007/thumbnail.jp
Semantic Changes in Present-Day English (PDE)
Get PDFBefore the printing press was invented, there was no recognized Standard English. There was no need for an English standard because most important public writing was in either French or Latin. English was used primarily for oral and informal purposes and varied quite a bit from place to place (Barry 2002). Mechanized printing, introduced into England in the late fifteenth century, made standardization a necessity. Later, in the eighteenth century, a small group of influential people decided that there needed to be a fixed standard for the English language. The group was appalled at the chaos in English and believed that language ought to be unvarying and permanent. Unfortunately, the group took on an impossible task. The English language is constantly changing in order to adapt to the ever-changing world.
The eighteenth-century grammarians used logic to help them make decisions among competing usages. In other instances, they looked to Classical Latin and Greek as models for proper structure. The grammarians also based their choices on English history. Since they viewed language change as the equivalent of language decay, they tended to assume that earlier forms and meanings were correct, while the more recent ones were wrong (Barry 2002).
Over the centuries, speakers of the language have made increasingly more shifts and changes to the English language. Most speakers do not rely heavily on books that were written two hundred years ago to tell them what is correct English today. The eighteenth-century grammarians argued that English could be perfect and permanent if not for the laziness and carelessness of its users. Modem linguists argue that change is inherent to all languages (Barry 2002). If English lexicon had not been able to change, there would not be words like hard drive, floppy disk, or any other computer terminology. Semantic Changes
Since the small group of eighteenth-century grammarians attempted to create a permanent standard of English, there have been innumerable alterations. A word\u27s meaning a hundred years ago is not necessarily the same as it is today. Changes take place at many levels, including lexical, semantics, syntactical, morphological, phonemic, et cetera. This study will focus on the different semantic changes the English lexicon has undergone
The Gazette October 15, 2004
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The Gazette October 8, 2004
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The Gazette September 17, 2004
Get PDFThe student newspaper for Langston University.https://dclu.langston.edu/archives_gazette_newspaper_20002009/1002/thumbnail.jp
Does Seed Size Affect the Rate of Germination and Early Seedling Growth in Hairy Vetch?
Get PDFSize is an important characteristic of seed quality because larger seeds with larger volume contain more resources and are likely to exhibit greater vigor than smaller seeds (Ellis, 1992). In a range of plant species, seed size has been shown to affect germination rate, emergence rate, success of establishment, and growth (Black 1957; Bentley et al. 1980; Sanderson et al. 2002). Hairy vetch is an annual legume that is used for improvement of soil for pasture and to provide ground cover protecting against erosion (Duke 1981; Undersander 2002; Sattell et al 1988). Problems facing the establishment of hairy vetch are that it has a relatively short growing season and this means that speed and reliability of germination and establishment are likely to have an important influence on crop productivity (Munda 2004). Commercial supplies of hairy vetch seed are highly variable in size, but little research appears to have been undertaken to evaluate the impact of this size variability on the success of establishment of hairy vetch. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of seed size on germination, imbibition, and dark seedling growth rate in hair
Moisture Potential Affects Rate of Leaf Appearance in Cool Season Grasses
Get PDFThe rate of leaf appearance and onset of growth in cool season grasses may be influenced by soil moisture potential and exposure to below freezing temperatures. Levels of moisture potential and days exposed to freezing temperatures, which will restrict leaf appearance, are not well defined. The first part of this study was to determine the effects of different moisture potentials on the leaf appearance rates in two cool season grasses. Italian ryegrass (IRG) and tall wheat grass (TWG) were grown hydroponically at 4 moisture potentials in seed pouches in an incubator under a photoperiod of 13 hours light and 11 hours dark and at day/night temperatures of 17.5°C and 12.5°C. The mean leaf appearance rate, regardless of treatment, in IRG was 20% greater than TWG. As moisture potential increased the leaf appearance rate decreased in both species. On average, when the moisture potential was -0.7 MPa, it caused a decrease in the leaf appearance rate of 68% and 44% in IRG and TWG, respectively, as compared to the control. The second part of this study was to determine the effects of below freezing temperature treatments at three levels of moisture stress on the leaf appearance in two cool season grasses. Italian ryegrass (IRG) and tall fescue (TF) were grown in soil at three different volumetric water contents (10%, 20% and 30%), in addition to a treatment of cold at -5°C (overnight) for 0, 2 or 4 occasions. As cold treatment days and moisture stress increased, the leaf appearance rate decreased in both cool season grasses. When subjected to a 30% moisture stress and having no exposure to below freezing temperatures, the phyllochron of IRG and TF was 80.4 and 90.3 (growing day degrees) respectively. With 4 exposures to -5°C, the phyllochron was increased to 99.7 and 123.4 for IRG and TF, respectively
The Gazette September 10, 2004
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The Scarcity of Women as Certified Public Accountants (CPAs)
Get PDFBy researching different sources regarding the accounting profession, the research will give readers an in depth understanding of the shortage of women as Certified Public Accountants (CPAs). Some examples of jobs in the accounting profession are accounting professors, Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), Certified Managerial Accountants (CMA\u27s) and business accountants. It takes plenty of time and determination to become a CPA and a CMA. Many women are apprehensive of the challenges involved in becoming an accountant. Women who have persevered can obtain a career in the accounting profession. This thesis is based on materials that show women as CPAs. It also explains why women should study accounting. Additionally, rigorous academic challenge, lack of finance, and courage are the reasons especially responsible for women\u27s shortage in the profession. The literature review will include information from articles, journals and accounting books. The statistical background of women who are CPAs is from sources found on the Internet. There are also major contributions made by accounting professors and CPAs employed in accounting firms. This thesis is written to provide a descriptive representation of women CPAs. Extensive research will be done with questionnaires that represent thoughts of practicing CPAs
The Gazette November 4, 2004
Get PDFThe student newspaper for Langston University.https://dclu.langston.edu/archives_gazette_newspaper_20002009/1009/thumbnail.jp