International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports (IJPEFS)
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Boosts and Setbacks of Implementing Indigenous Filipino Games: Perspectives from Curriculum’s Stakeholders
Full text linkFilipinos had enjoyed playing indigenous games long before any other games. Little is known about traditional games and their perspectives among educational stakeholders who support their preservation in the educational system for emerging countries like the Philippines. This study aimed to explore the viewpoints of educational stakeholders regarding integrating indigenous games into the curriculum. A scoping design was used to review pertinent journal articles. Thus 14 were considered after screening and filtering the searched records in three databases. It was found that stakeholders have both positive and negative perspectives on the said implementation. They perceived that implementing indigenous Filipino games a) promotes cultural heritage, b) facilitates convenient learning, and c) strengthens the foundation values, health, and socialization. However, there are some setbacks, like a) limitations in using traditional games in the classroom and b) the endangerment of indigenous Filipino games due to the fast growth of e-games. Therefore, a call to action among curriculum implementers to revisit what areas need to be strengthened in implementing indigenous games despite the continuous advancements of technology that paved the emergence of modern games and even the prioritization of sports games. Although support from the community is needed, and more mandates from the local government to promote these games in playing, especially outside school
Sport Funding Through Stamps: Finding Unlikely Revenue Streams
Full text linkSports can be expensive. Ice time for hockey practice to $200 tennis racquets can discourage some participants. From billion-dollar teams and venues to Olympic Games costing billions as well, where will sports get all the money they need to operate? One vehicle that has been used successfully for almost 100 years has been postage stamps. Funds were not generated just from selling Olympic themed stamps that generated some money for the postal service or maybe a government. The bulk of funds associated with sport-related stamps fundraising has been through semipostal stamps. Semipostal stamps provide for an additional charge over the face value with those funds going to a worthy cause. Worth causes over the years have included tuberculosis research/treatment, disease prevention, supporting the Red Cross, feeding the poor, or winter heating aid. Another beneficiary has been sports. Researching Scott Stamp Catalogues from the 1920s through 2015 has highlighted 60 countries who have issued 920 semipostal stamps to fund everything from Olympics to youth sports, sport venues, and even sport equipment purchases. This article examines how these stamps have been used successfully in the past and how they are still being used. Furthermore, one country, Germany, has been issuing sport-related semipostal stamps for over 50 years and has generated millions of dollars and sold over 250 million sport-related semipostal stamps
Using FitnessGram to Measure the Impact of ‘Lost’ Physical Education During the COVID Years
Full text linkPhysical education can play a critical role in helping children establish a foundation for an active lifestyle. There is reason to believe the impact of COVID-19 eliminating compulsory physical education in the K-12 setting only exasperated the problem of increasingly physically unhealthy children in the United States. Much of what kinesiology and public-health scholars know about the fitness level of American youths are based on dated or retrospective data; FitnessGram has emerged as a viable option for revealing the present-day physical health of youth populations. There is clear potential for FitnessGram data to contribute to advancing knowledge about current levels of health-related fitness in youth. In this study, researchers using FitnessGram data from an independent K-12 school district in Texas, USA (ISD) investigated K-12 students’ fitness levels and patterns after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicate students suffered diminished cardiovascular fitness levels during COVID years (2020-2021), but not diminished strength and endurance or range of motion. Findings from FitnessGram data advocate for quality and compulsory physical education and movement/physical activity in school settings, as well as the adoption of Comprehensive School Physical Activity Promotion (CSPAP)
The effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment on heart rate variability: A case study in a female World Championship medaling open-water swimmer
Full text linkTo examine the effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on heart rate variability (HRV) indices in an elite open-water swimmer. A female open-water swimmer (age =28 years, height = 172 cm, body mass = 60 kg) participated in this study. The swimmer performed a daily supine HRV test routine 12 days before the 2019 open-water World Championships. OMT was administered when parasympathetic activity (based on HRV indices) was considered below normal values. The swimmer won a bronze medal in the 25 km event and placed fourth in the 10 km event, which qualified her for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Parasympathetic falls occurred three times during the taper period. After OMT, we observed a rebound of parasympathetic activity with a moderate to strong increase for High Frequency (HF) values compared with the average baseline from 10 to 150% increase of Ln HF values. OMT appeared to allow a parasympathetic rebound and increase the quality of recovery in an elite open-water swimmer who performed well during the World Championships. This case report illustrates the potential effects of OMT on autonomous nervous system activity, highlighting the possibilities to improve the quality of recovery in world-class athletes. It also shows the necessity to implement individualized training in the context of elite sports
Preferred strength and conditioning coaching leadership behaviours of NCAA Division I and II Collegiate student-athletes based on sex
Full text linkThe present study aimed to examine collegiate student-athletesˈpreferences of leadership behaviours in strength and conditioning (S&C) coaching and evaluate differences between athletesˈpreferred leadership behaviours based on participantsˈsex. 145 (male = 80, female = 65) National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and II student-athletes aged between 18-25 years, with a mean of 3 (SD = ±1) strength and conditioning sessions per week participated in the study. Participants completed an electronic questionnaire involving the athletesˈ preference version of the Revised Leadership Scale for Strength and Conditioning (RLSSC). Summary statistics revealed that the most preferred behaviour was ˈtraining and instructionˈ, median of 4.5 (IQR = 1.0), and the least preferred was ˈautocraticˈ, median of 2.0 (IQR = 0.5). Similar results were observed for both groups. Males preferred autocratic behaviour more than females (male = 2.5, female = 2.0). Statistically significant difference was identified between groups for autocratic behaviour (p = .001). Effect sizes indicated that the magnitude of differences between groups was small or moderate, with the highest value for autocratic behaviour (d = 0.5). The observation of marginal statistically significant difference aligns with previous research, suggesting sex-related differences. However, small and moderate effect sizes indicate that differences are not practically significant enough to encourage distinct coaching approaches. This study sheds light on the preferences of coaching behaviours among student-athletes in strength and conditioning coaching. The findings emphasise the importance of positive psychosocial behaviours such as training and instruction, positive feedback, situational considerations and social support. While there were slight differences between the sexes, results suggested that both groups valued positive coaching behaviours. These findings provide implications for coaching practice and offer a basis for further research to explore leadership coaching behaviours in strength and conditioning
Effects of Smart Bottles on Water Consumption and Health Status of College Students
Full text linkHydration is important to a human body because it helps regulate body temperature, protect spinal cord, joints and other sensitive tissues, aid in the digestive system, remove body waste, and keep the brain function optimally. Despite the health benefits, most children and adults do not consume the recommended amount of water daily. Previous research suggested that interventions with a combination of educational/behavioral strategies and legislative/environmental prompts produced the best results to promote water intake. Existing in this technology-driven era, the invention of smart devices has changed the way we live. One type of devices, smart bottles, has been proved to be acceptable tools to monitor and promote water intake volume among kidney stone patients and senior citizens. This research aimed to examine the effects of smart bottles on college students’ water consumption and health status. Daily water intake for 35 days and urine samples were collected from two groups of students enrolled in a walking class at a regional university in southeastern United States. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples t test, and binary logistic regression. Results revealed that the bottle’s smart features did not prompt or motivate the college students to drink more water and those who received the smart bottles did not show healthier results in urinalysis tests. A plausible explanation of the results can be caused by the lifestyle of typical college students who are more likely to consume beverages other than water because of personal preference and social influence
Young Females’ Longitudinal Relationship of Endurance Performance - A Partial Regression Analysis
Full text linkCoaches and practitioners strive to use methods based on outcome measurements that are evidence-based to maximize female athlete performance, but due to a lack female representation in exercise science research, this is often problematic. The primary goal was to investigate the correlation between maximal oxygen uptake, blood lactate, and running economy in young females. Secondarily, the objective was to observe the longitudinal association between alterations in maximal oxygen uptake, blood lactate, and running economy responses to six weeks of endurance training. Young female athletes (n = 18) were randomized into a weighted vest (n = 10) or non-weighted vest (n = 8) group. Two separate graded treadmill tests for maximal oxygen uptake, blood lactate, and running economy were performed at baseline and post-six weeks of endurance training, which occurred at a frequency of three times per week for six weeks. A slight positive relationship between baseline- maximal oxygen uptake and running economy, r = 0.33, and a moderate positive relationship between baseline- blood lactate and running economy, r = 0.46, were observed. After controlling body composition, a strong positive relationship between post- maximal oxygen uptake and running economy, r = 0.59, and a strong positive relationship between post- blood lactate and running economy, r = 0.85, were observed. This study shows baseline assessments of previously mentioned performance traits may not be related. A weighted vest is considered a safe and alternative ergogenic aid that can be incorporated into an endurance training program. A six-week endurance training program is sufficient time to induce cardiovascular adaptations and improve endurance performance
Can the TGfU model affect the moral disengagement of children with social, emotional, and mental health needs in physical education?
Full text linkUsing the teaching games for understanding model (TGfU) as an intervention strategy, this study intended to establish whether it could affect the moral disengagement (MD) levels of students / participants with special educational needs and disabilities; (SEND) by enhancing their positive behaviours in physical education (PE). The study focused on male students (n = 12) aged 13-14 years old who all had a range of different SEND conditions and they were taught within a special school setting in the UK. The intervention activity focussed on the sport of Indoor Hockey and this was taught by an experienced Teacher of PE over a period of six-weeks. The study used several qualitative approaches to collect and analyse the data. For example, the students completed two questionnaires and the teacher-researcher gathered field notes over the course of the intervention period. The data collection methods which were used to triangulate the results were an adapted qualitative ‘Physical Education Classroom Instrument’, an instrument called the ‘Moral Disengagement tool in Physical Education’ (MDPE), which was specifically designed for the use within a physical education setting and the teacher-researcher field notes. In conclusion the results from study show that by implementing MD minimisation strategies such as the TGfU model, can reduce students’ misbehaviours in PE lessons focussed on games such as Indoor Hockey and also moral disengagment minimisation strategies can help reduce the misbehaviours of students in PE with SEND
Fatigue and stress responses in athletes performing functional-fitness workout and its association with well-being
Full text linkWe monitored fatigue and stress using heart rate variability and session rating perceived exertion in trained athletes performing a single bout of functional-fitness training workout. Also, we verified the association between heart rate variability and session rating perceived exertion with well-being. In the first week of tapering, eleven national athletes (age: 25.7 ± 3.3y; body mass index: 27.7 ± 2.8 kg·m-2; training history: > 4y) participated in this study. Heart rate variability was analyzed basal, before and after the experimental protocol. Session rating perceived exertion was analyzed after the experimental protocol, and after the assessments, the association between them and well-being was performed. Repeated measures of ANOVA were performed to compare condition x time, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the associations. Heart rate variability decreased its values after the training workout (ηp2=11.5, p<0.001), and session rating perceived exertion was high (25.8 ± 6.9 a.u.). We did not find associations between heart rate variability or session rating perceived exertion and well-being (r between -0.34 and 0.35, p>0.05). This study did not support the idea of a significant relationship between objective/subjective, physiological assessments and well-being in one bout of training workout. Functional-fitness coaches and athletes should know the limited evidence about objective/subjective assessments and well-being
Excess Body Weight and Physical Education: Opportunities are at Hand
Full text linkChildhood overweight and obesity concerns continue to frame much of the discussion about physical activity in schools and school-based physical education. There are multiple factors impacting childhood obesity rates. Genetics, ethnicity, guardian education level, health-care access, food costs, cultural beliefs, policy, and energy-balance inequalities have all played a role in the current state of childhood overweight and obesity. Since schools are an ideal place to interact with children and adolescents of all body compositions, multiple researchers have attempted to design, implement, and evaluate school-based physical activity interventions. Many of the interventions have produced significant results. Overweight and obesity is not physical education’s problem, but it does present an opportunity for physical education to grow as an academic discipline as new interventions and curricula are developed and disseminated. This article focused on the large-scale, school-based, physical activity interventions that needs to be designed, implemented, and evaluated using rigorous standards and policymaker and educational community support