International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports (IJPEFS)
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Comparative values, correlation and classification of basketball players based on the efficiency index and expert evaluation by coaches
Get PDFMeasuring the efficiency of athletes during competition has been a subject of interest both for experts and scientists in sports for more than a hundred years. Basketball has recognized in the 1940s how important it is to analyze efficiency indicators because these procedures allow coaches to increase their knowledge. There are two basic methods – objective and subjective – for evaluating the efficiency, or real quality of basketball players. The aim of this research is to establish the level of correlation between these two methods and to identify clusters, i.e. player hierarchy based on the results of both methods of efficiency evaluation. The sample of variables consisted of 12 basketball players who participated in the 2010 FIBA World Championships in Turkey. The subjective evaluation, also called expert evaluation, was performed by coaches of seven national teams that participated in the Championship. The objective evaluation was performed using the EEF efficiency index. The data was processed using z-scoring, the Pearson coefficient, and hierarchical cluster analysis. The Pearson coefficients of linear correlation between the efficiency index and the expert evaluation is r = 0.859 with a statistical significance of p ≤ 0.01. The cluster analysis distinguished two groups of players, which were named quality and super quality. The variance analysis showed that the probability of the clusters being equal is less than p ≤ 0.00. The research has shown that the evaluation by coaches is relevant and is fully consistent with the efficiency index formula. Also, the distinction of two groups of players by clustering is not uncommon in the basketball practice and is linked with efficiency at the given time
The Effect of a Physical Fitness Program on the Level of Musculoskeletal Fitness of Male Students with Visual Impairment or Blindness
Get PDFThe present research aims to know how much impact the physical fitness program may have on the level of musculoskeletal fitness of blind male students (15-18 years old). The experimental method was used on a sample of 18 students with visual impairment or blindness at the Visually Impaired Center. These students were chosen randomly, we used various tests, namely the push-ups, sit ups tests and sit and reach test, and the results obtained indicated that there are statistically significant differences between the pretests and posttests, in favor of the posttests, for the level of musculoskeletal fitness of students with visual impairment or blindness
Effect of Awris Traditional Dances on Health-Related Physical Fitness Traits among High School Students in Ethiopia
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Awris traditional dance Tigray regional state on health related physical fitness traits among high school students. To achieve the purpose of this study, 40 high school students were selected randomly. And their age ranged between 15 and 17 years. The selected participants were categorized into experimental and control group with twenty (n=20) subjects in each. The experimental group performed traditional dances for a period of 16 weeks three days per week whereas participants in the control group were informed to follow their usual daily activity. All participants were tested on selected criterion measures on muscular strength, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance and body composition prior to and after the 16 weeks of the training period. The data pertaining to the variables in this study were statistically examined by using SPSS statistical software version 25. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were found in order to get the basic idea of the data distribution. Independent t- test was employed for finding whether there was any statistically significant pre-test to post-test mean differences in their respective variables of each group. Level of significant was set at 0.05. Following the 16-weeks traditional dance training, significant change was observed on muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance, but there was no significant improvement in flexibility and body composition as compare the experimental groups with the control group. Therefore it can be concluded that Awris traditional dance training program can notably improve muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance of high school students
Investigation of exercise intensity in competitive roundnet/spikeball
Get PDFThe game of roundnet (spikeball) is a trend sport that has gained much popularity in leisure time activity in recent years. However, no scientific studies dealing with this trend sport are published yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological demand of male roundnet players during a roundnet match. Therefore, 12 experienced male roundnet players were recruited. In a pre-experimental test, all participants conducted a ramp-based treadmill test with spirometric measurements. Further, lactate concentrations, velocity and heart rate (HR) were measured. In a subsequent field test, participants conducted a roundnet game in accordance with the official rules. During that field test, the following parameters were measured: Average and maximum HR, lactate concentrations, step count, steps per minute, playing time and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Results of the pre-experimental test reveal that participants reached a maximum running speed of 5.1±0.2 m/s, a maximum HRof 190.4±7.2 bpm and a VO2max of 55.8±4.2 ml/min/kg. Results of the field test showed that participants reached a maximum HR of 159.7±7.9 bpm corresponding to 83.9±3.6% of the participant’s maximum HR. Average HR was 133.6±9.4 bpm corresponding to 70.1±4.2% of the participant’s maximum HR. Participants reached a mean lactate concentration of 1.2±0.2 mmol/l and a RPE score of 13.2±1.2. The mean playing time of one set was 10.8±0.8 minutes. On average, 790.5±125.2 steps were measured during one set equaling 73.1±11.6 steps per minute. To conclude, this study first time presents game characteristics and the physiological demand of the trend sport roundnet. Results indicate that the physiological demand can be described as moderate as none of the measured parameters reaches disproportionately high values
Effect of Psychological Need-Supportive Summer Camp: FIT-Dawg Girls Summer Camp
Get PDFPhysical activity (PA) is a major factor related to obesity risk. Research has shown PA interventions among adolescents to be moderately successful in short-term but limited to longer-term. Self-determination theory (SDT) postulates that a psychological need-supportive environment (i.e. one that supports competence, autonomy, and social relatedness) is effective in maintaining volitional motivation which can lead to sustained positive behavioral changes including PA. Although research has supported the central tenets of the SDT, there is limited evidence examining whether a summer camp intervention can sustain improvements in PA motivation and behavior. Thus, this study examined the acute and 12-weeks longer-term effectiveness of a five-day psychological need-support centered summer camp on healthy weight and overweight adolescent girls’ weight management behaviors. A single-group case series study with pre-, post, and 12-week follow-up-test analyses. A sample comprised 42 (Mage = 11.70±1.12) adolescent females. Exercise motivation, PA intention, and PA and dietary behaviors were measured. The findings showed a between-group effect on daily steps (F(1, 19) = 15.83, p = .001,ηp2 = .46), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (F(1, 19) = 4.58, p = .046, ηp2 = .19), energy intake (F(1, 19) = 7.23, p = .013, ηp2 = .27), PA intention (F(2, 18) = 6.25, p = .024, ηp2 = .28), intrinsic motivation (F(2, 18) = 6.25, p = .024, ηp2 = .28), and amotivation (F(2, 18) = 16.25, p < .001, ηp2 = .54). A need-supportive summer camp may be especially effective in improving PA motivation and behavior in overweight girls
Predictors of Motivation to Coach in High School Students and Adult Coaches
Get PDFWe conducted two studies to investigate predictors of coaching motivation. In Study One, we focused on variables linked to coaching motivation and burnout in adult sports coaches. We examined high school extracurricular experiences, and coaching engagement. Positive interpersonal events experienced during high school predicted coaching motivation and a motivation. Positive interpersonal and performance events in high school predicted feelings of reduced accomplishment, while negative interpersonal and performance events in high school predicted physical exhaustion. Two aspects of coaching engagement, vigor and absorption predicted coaching motivation. Thus, coaches’ motivation was predicted by both high school and current coaching events. In Study Two, we examined whether the same high school events predicted a desire to coach in recent high school graduates. Participants retrospectively reported participation in high school sports or heavy investment in alternate activities (e.g., marching band). For both groups, identification with the activity and dedication to the activity predicted a desire to coach. A desire to coach was not predicted by high school extracurricular events. Our findings indicate that high school experiences exerted differential effects on recent graduates versus adult coaches in terms of attitudes toward coaching
Body Composition and Somatotype in Elite Handball Players
Get PDFAs the main objective, this research work had to compare pre and post complex training effects on body composition in elite handball players in the Spanish 2nd Division. Eleven players were included in the study. Six of them formed an experimental group, and 5 of them the control group. They have undergone the complex training session which was done once a week. The following parameters were analyzed: BMI (Body Mass Index), somatotype, FM (Fat Mass), MM (Muscle mass), RM (Residual Mass), WHR (Waist to Hip Ratio), BM (Bone Mass). The results have shown that there was a not statistically significant difference after the 6 – week program neither in body composition and somatotypes. Since this program did not have a big influence on body composition we could say that complex training influences body composition should be further researched
Effect of Sport Media on Social Behaviour: The Attitude and Perception Change of Chinese College Students toward the International Media Reporting the Beijing Olympics
Get PDFThis study assessed the attitude and perceptions of college students in China before and immediately after the 2008 Beijing Olympics toward the international media's reporting of the Games and China. A total of 657 students from seven campuses eight months before the Olympics and 1,000 students from ten campuses immediately after the Olympics were randomly surveyed. The data analysis (independent t-Test) depicts that the students' attitudes and perceptions toward the international media had positively changed from the pre- to the post-Olympic surveys. One-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Scheffe’s post hoc test results revealed that the survey respondents’ political preferences were the constant factors that influenced their attitude and perception change toward the international media. This study illustrates a media effect on changing the survey participants’ and their represented population’s attitude and perceptions toward the international media’s coverage of sport mega-events that is supported by the theories of mega-events and modernity, media communication and social behaviour, and social impact
Diagnosis of Percentages of Progress in Weight Training and its Relationship to the Dynamic Development of Muscle Strength of Football Players
Get PDFMuscle strength is one of the most important elements of fitness that must be available to football players. For a long period of time the weight training has been the subject of controversy among the specialists in the preparation and training of football players, the scientific researches has settled this controversy, where most of the results indicated that weight training has become necessary for the development of different types of muscular strength (maximum force – the special force of speed – endurance power). In fact the Algerian football sport lacks weight training programs and how to plan and evaluate the level of development of muscular strength during the training program with scientific bases and methods to avoid muscle inflation and increase muscle mass that can affect skill performance. The researchers' study note that there is a great detour of football players around the muscle strengthening rooms without a formal training program, which may lead to an increase in muscle inflation. So that the researchers decided to design a weight training program ,and diagnosing the percentage of progression and its relation to the dynamics of muscle strength development of different muscle groups and increasing muscle inflation as much as required for football players under 21 years of research experimental sample
A Comparison Study for the use of Mixed Training (Training with Weight and Plyometric) In the Development of the Distinctive Strength Speed as the Players of the Handball
Get PDFThe research aims to the comparison between the impact of the training with weight, plyometric training and mixed training and the development of the distinctive strength speed as the handball players. The experimental method was adopted due to its adequate relation with the research problem, and used the pilot curriculum of four (04) groups, three of them are experimental one is training with weight and second is plyometric training and the third for mixed training, and one is control. The study was applied on a sample of 64 players divided into 16 players of each group. The most important results are the superiority of the training program of the mixed (weights and plyometric) to other programs in the results of the tests under the search. Thus recommends that the researchers and emphasize the use of mixed training for the development of the distinctive strength speed as the players of the handball