Advanced Research Publications: Medical Journals
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Pregnancy Outcome in Anemic Pregnant Women: Impact of Dietary Intervention
Full text linkAnemia is a common complication associated with pregnancy which threatens the life of a woman and her unborn baby. Studies have revealed higher incidences of hemorrhages, infections, early labor and reduced birth weight of baby, who are prone to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the present study using quasi-experimental time series non-equivalent control group design was conducted at 16 weeks of gestation till first week of delivery on 126 anemic pregnant women in a selected hospital of Kashmir, India, to determine the effectiveness of dietary intervention package on their pregnancy outcome. The study revealed a significant difference in pregnancy outcome of experimental group (66) as compared to control group anemic pregnant women (60)
Editorial
No full textWorld Mental Health Day is observed on 10 October every year, with the overall objective of raising awareness of mental health issues around the world and mobilizing efforts in support of mental health. The theme for this year is;‘Young people and mental health in a changing world’. The Day provides an opportunity for all stakeholders working on mental health issues to talk about their work, and what more needs to be done to make mental health care a reality for people worldwide
A Study on Utilization and Satisfaction of ICDS Services in Aanganwadis of Urban Bhopal
Full text linkBackground: Though ICDS is the world’s largest community-based child nutrition and development program, even after more than 35 years of its implementation the dilemma still exists regarding the extent of utilization and quality of services provided through aanganwadis..Method: This was a cross-sectional study done in 40 aanganwadis of Bhopal city in a period of three months. Forty aanganwadis were selected from the urban area of Bhopal. Six registered beneficiaries from each of these 40 selected aanganwadis were interviewed.Results: Out of 240 beneficiaries, 35 (14.5) were pregnant women, 40 (16.67 ) were lactating females, 81 (33.75) were mothers of children aged greater than 0–3 years, 49 (20.42) were mothers of children aged 3–6 years, 32 (13.33) were adolescent girls (10–19 years) and 03 (01.25) were women of reproductive age. 166 (69.16%) were satisfied with the services, while the rest 74 (30.84%) were not satisfied with the services.Conclusions: Improvement in the quality of services is the need of the hour to keep the satisfaction and utilization level
Mass Drug Administration Coverage Evaluation Survey for Lymphatic Filariasis: An Experience from Paschim Bardhaman District, West Bengal
Full text linkPurpose: The purpose of the present study was to assess the coverage and compliance of mass drug administration (MDA) to identify the factors for non-compliance, to find out the side effects experienced by the consumers and to ascertain the constraints/problems in implementing MDA by the functionariesin Paschim Bardhaman district of West Bengal after the last round of MDA (Dec 2017).Methods: In this cross-sectional coverage evaluation survey, one urban and three rural clusters were selected, using multistage cluster sampling. At least 30 households and 150 eligible subjects were included from each cluster (village/ward). Participants were interviewed using pre-designed and pretested schedule. A qualitative assessment was also done in the form of in-depth interview of different program implementers and participants.Results: Among the 660 eligible populations interviewed, distribution coverage for DEC and both the drugs were 76.4% and 74.8% respectively. For DEC, effective coverage was found to be 64.1%, which was 63.3% for both the drugs. Overall supervised consumption rate was very low (32% for DEC and 30.3% for both the drugs). Insufficient and delayed availability of drugs and IEC materials, budgetary constraints in undertaking IEC activities, poor community mobilization, and negligible supervised administration of drugs by the drug distributers were found to be the key qualitative issues.Conclusions: Supervised consumption of drugs in the presence of drug distributors was found to be grossly neglected in this district. Proper availability of medicines and logistics should be ensured and coordinated, and community awareness should be strengthened for successful implementation of this activity
Study on Water Quality in the Ghohrood River of Kashan using National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI) and its Zoning using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Full text linkBackground: Zoning of the water quality based on NSFWQI index is used more than other indices. The purpose of this study to evaluate the water quality of Kashan’s Ghohrood River, using National Sanitation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI) and its zoning with Geographic information system (GIS).Materials and Methods: In this study, water quality parameters of Ghohrood River are studied monthly in five different stations from October 2014 to September 2015 during 12 months in Kahsan central of Iran. Also, these data were analyzed with NSFWQI index, and finally route of river was zoned using GIS software.Results: Among the studied stations, station A had the highest and best rate of water quality by 86.87% in March. Water quality index was 60.93% in station E in August. Average studied index in stations A, B, and C in all of the months was 72-80 and in stations D and E average index was 67-69. Average index of NSFWQI had a downward slope in the warm months; so that, in the summer, the index was lower than other seasons in each station.Conclusion: Results showed that water pollution increases by increasing the distance between source of the river and station. Since the area is considered as a recreational resort especially in the spring season and the fact that around the river is used as pastures, water quality deterioration especially in D and E stations is a very important issue
A Study to Correlate Endometrial Hyperplasia with Ovarian Stromal Change
Full text linkBackground: Endometrial hyperplasia in peri-menopausal age group is frequently encountered as a result of unopposed excess estrogen action, exact source of which is still debatable. Possible source is ovarian stroma. There must be some subtle changes in ovarian stroma to produce excess estrogen in such states. This study was performed to provide new insights into the various patterns of subtle ovarian stromal changes and its relation to morphological alteration of endometrial glands and stroma.Methods: 62 women in peri-menopausal age group, diagnosed as endometrial hyperplasia on uterine curettage and unresponsive to conventional therapy, treated by total hysterectomy with unilateral/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, were chosen randomly. Serial step sections of endometrial biopsies were examined by routine microscopy. Endometrial hyperplasia was classified following the current WHO classification. The sections from the ovary were examined for changes in the ovarian stroma.Results: Out of the 62 total cases having endometrial hyperplasia, 53 cases (83.5%) had one or more subtle ovarian stromal changes and 9 cases (14.5%) lacked the ovarian stromal changes. Out of the 50 cases without endometrial hyperplasia, only eight had subtle ovarian changes. In the 53 cases, which showed ovarian stromal changes, the changes were found in combination and variable proportions.Conclusion: Ovarian stromal changes were significantly associated with endometrial hyperplasia
Clinicopathological Spectrum of Pancytopenia in Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India
Full text linkIntroduction: The term pancytopenia refers to a reduction in all three formed elements of blood-erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets. It is not a disease entity, but rather a triad of findings that may result from a number of disease processes. The causes of pancytopenia vary depending on multiple factors. This prospective study was conducted to find out various causes of pancytopenia and their relative frequencies in a tertiary care hospital in northern India.Methods: In the present study, 60 cases were taken up for a period of 2 years at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. The study was composed of a brief work up of history, general and systemic examination and complete hematological work up. All the data was compiled and a final diagnosis was made.Results: The age of the patients varied from 6 months to 70 years consisting of 34 males (57%) and 26 females (43%). Megaloblastic anemia was the most common cause (66.7%) followed by aplastic anemia (19%) and malignancies (6.7%). Infections and parasitic infestations accounted for the rest.Conclusion: In our study, more than 50% of the cases are due to megaloblastic anemia prevalent due to dietary deficiency & malnutrition. Also, infections and infestations (Tuberculosis, malaria, kalaazar and typhoid) should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis of pancytopenia
Using OPD-Based Counselling Room Approach to Inculcate a Feel Good Factor among Girls Tormented by Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Symptoms
Full text linkBackground: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) prevalence is steeply rising. The reported prevalence among adolescents ranges from 9.13% to 36%. PCOS affects various body organs. The features of PCOS include oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, hirsutism, alopecia, anovulation and polycystic ovaries. If not treated, it can increase the risk of infertility, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Obesity and overweight worsen the symptoms of PCOS women. Among PCOS women, obesity and overweight is reported to be 50%–70%. Research shows that physical health consequences of PCOS may result in psychological distress among women affected by the condition. It seriously compromises health-related quality of life of girls. The anxiety in life of PCOS women is mostly attributed to irregular menses, hirsutism and infertility. The influence of PCOS on quality of life is an issue that needs to be taken seriously. The psychological implications of this condition are underestimated and largely ignored.
Cross Sectional Study to find out the Prevalence of Tobacco use among High School & Higher Secondary class Students of Government Schools of Bhopal
Full text linkBackground: Tobacco use, and its negative health, social and economic impacts, is a significant global health challenge. Tobacco consumption in each age group is emerging as public health problem in all countries. More so often difficult in case of school going adolescents due to the easy availability of the tobacco products. Despite of the well-known fact that tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of premature death, disease, and disability around the world.Objectives: (1)To find out the proportion of students consuming tobacco among the students of government schools of class IX to XII.(2)To find out the age of initiation of tobacco consumption among the study group. (3)To find out the risk factors responsible for the tobacco habits among the study group.Methodology: This was a cross sectional study with multistage sampling method, in which selection of schools was done by systematic random sampling from the list of all government schools of Bhopal district.Results: The proportion of tobacco use among the study subjects in the current study was 22.69% with 46.21% in boys and 5.92% in girls. proportion of students consuming tobacco among the students of government schools of class IX to XII.In the present study, the mean age of initiation of tobacco use was12+1.23years
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment of the Industries in Bhutan: A Three Years’ Trend Analysis
Full text linkIntroduction: Workplace plays an important role in the lives of not only workers but also their dependents and families. Therefore, it is very important to consider safety and health in every workplace. However, the health and safety standards in Bhutan is still at a premature stage.Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the overall occupational health and safety situation in the country to better understand the level of occupational safety and health standards in the country.Methods: All the enterprises in Bhutan, who had constituted a health and safety committee in 2016 to 2017 were considered. Structured questioners were used for assessing and evaluating the health and safety standards at the workplace.Results: The study found that the health and safety standards have improved however, improved marginally with the higher percentage of improvement falling in the fair practice of health and safety at their workplace.Conclusion: The Department of Labour plays a pivotal role in taking leadership and educating employers, employees, the general public on workplace safety and health. Therefore, it is important for the Department to rigorously enforce the safety and health standards in the companies. Further, the management of the companies also needs to ensure commitment and leadership for implementation of workplace safety and health