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Effect of Different Drying Methods on Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Postharvest Okra Pods
Get PDFEffects of hot-air drying (HD) and microwave drying (MD) methods on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of postharvest okra was investigated. The weight loss rate and the contents of vitamin C, chlorophyll a, protein, soluble pectin as well as antioxidant activities of okra pods were determined. The results showed that HD and MD methods had significant influences on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities. The weight loss rate of okra treated by HD method was 87.45%, and it was 75.04% treated by MD. Both of them presented lower contents of chlorophyll a with a ranges of 0.33 ± 0.01 mg/g and 0.23 ± 0.02 mg/g. The protein contents of the HD was 16.38 ± 0.49%, and 9.16 ± 0.11% for MD method. The soluble pectin contents were 29.1 ± 0.76 mg/g and 28.26 ± 0.57 mg/g for HD and MD methods, respectively. It indicated that the nutrients in okra pods are susceptible to thermal processing, and the high temperature will significantly reduce the nutritional value. The specific conditions for different thermal processes should be studied and optimization
Optimization of Technological Parameters for Preparation of Vegetable Fiber Mulch Film with Waste Corrugated Paperboard
Get PDFThe process and properties of vegetable fiber film made from waste corrugated paperboard were studied in order to solve the pollution problem of traditional plastic film to soil and environment and efficiently reuse of waste corrugated paperboard. Experiments were conducted using waste corrugated cardboard and rice straw as the main raw materials, adding environmental protection type functional auxiliaries, with the clean pulping and papermaking process to prepare biodegradable vegetable fiber mulch film. Study on the effects of technological parameters on dry tensile strength, wet tensile strength and sizing value, the optimization of the technological parameters effect on the mulching made from waste corrugated cardboard was studied by the method of five factors and five levels 1/2 orthogonal rotating center combination test method. The five technological parameters which are considered in this study for optimization are basis weight, neutral sizing agent, ratio, wet strength agent and beating degree. Experimental results indicated that an optimum combination is basis weight 56 to 75 g/m2, ratio 0% to 16%, neutral sizing agent 1.6%, wet strength agent 2.4%, beating degree 30 °SR, in this case, dry tensile strength of this fiber film attained more than 40 N, wet tensile strength more than 15 N and sizing value more than 120 s, and the film met the requirements of mechanical property for field mulching. The results provided theoretical basis and technical support for the preparation of degradable fiber mulch film from waste corrugated paperboard
Curvature Variation Minimizing Cardinal Spline Curves
Get PDFSince the free parameter and the two auxiliary points have effect on the shape of the Cardinal spline curves, a natural idea arises to find the optimal parameter and auxiliary points to obtain the smoothest curves. We use curvature variation minimization to achieve this goal in this paper. By minimizing an appropriate approximation of the curvature variation energy, the unique solution can be easily obtained. Some examples show that the Cardinal spline curves with minimum curvature variation are better than the Catmull-Rom spline curves in dealing with interpolation problems
Modelling and Analysis of CdS/CZTSSe Based Thin Film Solar Cell
Get PDFSolar cells with a High efficiency and desire characteristics are modelled by considering the characteristics of the materials. An earth-abundant material Cu2ZnSn2(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe) could be a wise choice for the solar cell material with a band gap of 1.24ev. In this paper, we made a model and try to represent an analysis of effect on J-V characteristics and quantum efficiency of CdS/CZTSSe based solar cell during varying material and optical properties includes emitter width, carrier life time and resistances. From this model we can easily understand the effect of material and optical properties and graphical analysis of proposed solar cell
Adjustment of Prescription by ORAC assay to Enhance the Effect of Medicinal Liqueur
Get PDFObjective: The ingredient herbs of JING liqueur were studied, and prescription was adjusted by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay to enhance the effect of this medicinal liqueur. Method: Values of very herb's ORAC were measured, the proportions of high ORAC value herbs were increased, while the proportions of low ORAC value herbs were decreased. Adjusted JING liqueur was compared with primary product by the test of anti-fatigue and enhance immunity experiment. Result: Compared with primary product, the anti-fatigue effect of adjusted JING liqueur was significantly increased, and the enhance immunity effect of adjusted JING liqueur was obviously improved. Conclusion: The effect of JING liqueur could enhanced by adjust proportions of every ingredients across their ORAC, increased the proportions of high ORAC value herb could obviously improved the anti-fatigue and enhance immunity efficacy
Synthesis, Modification and Optical Characterization of Co-Cr Layered Double Hydroxide
Get PDF Cobalt and chromium based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been successfully synthesized by the co-precipitation method at a constant pH of 10. The intercalation of stearic acid (C18H36O2) into CoCr-LDH and preparation of their polymer nanocomposites using two different methods were studied in the paper. The obtained samples were characterized before and after modification by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. It has been shown that different reaction temperature profoundly affects the band-gaps of inorganic and composite structures.Three optical band gap values (Eg1, Eg2 and Eg3) for the samples obtained before and after modification. Two optical band gap values were estimated in polymer/LDH nanocomposites. The high-value band gaps for CoCr-LDH(100°C)- NBR and CoCr-LDH(100°C)-SA- NBR were determined to be 5.9 eV and 5.7 eV, respectively. The low-value band gaps for CoCr-LDH(100°C)-NBR and CoCr-LDH(100°C)-SA- NBR were determined to be 4.1 eV and 3.25 eV, respectively
Biological Lattice Gauge Theory as Modeling of Quantum Neural Networks
Get PDFBased on quantum biology and biological gauge field theory, we propose the biological lattice gauge theory as modeling of quantum neural networks. This method applies completely the same lattice theory in quantum field, but, whose two anomaly problems may just describe the double helical structure of DNA and violated chiral symmetry in biology. Further, we discuss the model of Neural Networks (NN) and the quantum neutral networks, which are related with biological loop quantum theory. Finally, we research some possible developments on described methods of networks by the extensive graph theory and their new mathematical forms
Occupational Health Hazards among Wholesalers: A Case Study
Get PDFWholesalers play an important role in Supply Chain Management but due to less physical activities, mental stress and more comfort level, they may suffer from many occupational health hazards. Literature reveals that with change in the lifestyle of the people there is increase in the number of patients of the coronary heart disease mainly in occupations having less physical activities. The present research work investigates occupational health hazards of wholesalers of cloths & garments market. Qualitative study was done on 64 wholesalers and 64 control group members. Due to financial and time constraints quantitative study was done on 22 members of each group. In qualitative study, data was collected through questionnaire and for quantitative study, physical examinations were performed and analyzed with statistical tests at 95% level of significance. For qualitative study, results of Pearson correlation showed that occupation having a positive correlation with hypertension, sitting having a positive correlation of with BMI, sitting also having a positive correlation of with hypertension, heart problem having a positive correlation with BMI, hypertension having a positive correlation with heart problem. For physical examination, approx. 14% more wholesalers have abnormal ECG, approx. 19% more wholesalers have obesity and overweight, approx. 27% more wholesalers have hypertension as compared to control group members. Qualitative and quantitative analysis revealed that the wholesalers were unaware about their heart problems due to their occupation. So, it is recommended that association of wholesalers must arrange at least one compulsory medical checkup camp for wholesalers within six months
Study on the Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic and Laxative Components of Cistanche Deserticola
Get PDFCistanche deserticola (CD) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with multi-functions. However, the component-activity relationship has not been clarified. The antioxidant, hypoglycemic and laxative activities of different components extracted from CD such as phenylethanoid glycosides (PeG), polysaccharide (CDP), oligosaccharide (OLS) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) were compared in this study based on the methods of reducing power, scavenging DPPH and ABTS radical, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition, small intestinal transit and defecation. Results showed that PeG had higher antioxidant activity than CDP, while SDF was more effective than other CD extracts in the inhibition of both α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Both OLS and SDF have laxative activity, and the former is better. Small intestinal transit was significantly accelerated when the mice were fed with OLS or SDF at middle and high dose (P < 0.05). In the defecation time of first black feces and granule number of feces within 6 h, significant difference appeared in the middle dosage of OLS group, while not for SDF group. This result could provide new insight into a full utilization of different CD extracts, which could be useful for treatment of oxidative stress reaction, diabetes, constipation and their complications
Effects of different transportation methods on quality maintenance of peach 'Okubao' after forced-air cooling
Get PDFThe goal of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of various simulated transport treatments on maintaining the quality of 'Okubao' peach. Peaches were pre-cooled to 5oC for 140 minutes and afterwards treated with three simulated transport treatments, consisting of cold transportation with or without 35 um anti-fogging cast polypropylene (CPP) plastic package, and detachable incubator. Parameters evaluated included sensory quality, weight loss, color, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble sugar and ascorbic acid concentration. Weight loss of fruits was reduced tremendously, lower than 1%.The appearance, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble sugar and overall sensory quality of the wrapped peaches transported at 0oC were found to be better than those unwrapped and transported by incubator. Transportation at 0oC in CPP was shown most useful to prevent weight losses and maintain fruit color, freshness and nutritional values