Asia-Pacific Journal of Health Management (ACHSM)
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The Implementation of Open Disclosure in Asian Culture in Singapore: A systematic literature review
Get PDFObjective: Open Disclosure is the process of open and honest discussion between a clinician and the patient and family when an adverse clinical event occurs while the patient is in care or treatment. While open disclosure is now a mandatory practice in many developed countries like the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States and Canada, it has yet to be made mandatory in Singapore. In most healthcare institutions in Singapore, the Clinical Governance or Quality Service Management Department manages the governance of patient safety and medical errors. This systematic literature review aims to understand the effect of Asian culture relating to apologies because of the implementation of Open Disclosure in Singapore's healthcare system.
Method: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used to review and synthesize the contemporary literature qualitatively.
Results: This study identified that there are links between culture and apologies and in particular, the expression and acceptance of the apology. This study explored and identified the effects of Asian culture on open disclosure, specifically on apologies, and established that Asian and western cultures offer and accept apologies differently. Also, the study established the public's view and demand for open disclosure and the impact of culture on how a person presents oneself in delivering an apology.
Conclusion: The study could only identify five high-quality articles in this systematic literature review; there were no papers on the mindset and perceptions of Asian healthcare professionals on apologies and open disclosure found. This present study has demonstrated a significant research gap that is a significant opportunity for future research
Job Satisfaction and Retention of Nursing Staff in Saudi Hospitals.
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to investigate job satisfaction amongst nurses in Saudi Arabian hospitals. In recent years, there has been considerable growth in the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, yet little attention has been paid to improving the performance of healthcare professionals, by improving job satisfaction and retention of nursing staff. This paper reviews the research conducted on job satisfaction, and retention of Saudi nursing staff. This is an integrative review of previous studies on job satisfaction and retention of Saudi nursing staff. The electronic databases Google Scholar, CINAHL, PubMed, and Global Health were used to identify peer-reviewed literature published between 2009 and 2018. The literature review showed that the majority of nurses were satisfied in their job. However, there was a shortage of research in retention of nurses. The evidence from this study suggests that the hospitals need to ensure high level of job satisfaction and decent wages of nurses for maximum retention of nurses.
 
Healthy Governance and Healthy Public Policy: Towards realistic health reform and empowered communities
Get PDFThe lead Editorial in this issue – a special issue, as it contains six articles presented at the College of Professional and Continuing Education (CPCE) of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Health Conference of 2019 is provided by Professor Peter Yuen, Dean of that College and Professor, Department of Management and Marketing of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.....
Transition of Hospital Acute-Centric to Long Term Care in An Ageing Population in Hong Kong - Is it an issue of service gap?
Get PDFHealth expenditure at around 5.7% GDP is low for a developed society like Hong Kong, which is unique in having a dual track of public and private services in its health care system. Such phenomenon has been steady over the last three decades, apparently not affected at all by a major change in the Government in 1997. The public and private sections have equal share of the total health dollars consistently over the years, despite the increase of Government’s annual spending from 11% to 17% since 1990, implying a similar trend in the private sector, which is funded predominantly by out of the pocket expenses with some insurance contribution. However, Hong Kong has the longest life expectancy in the world. This has resulted in the increase in the demand for health and long-term care, casting doubt on whether the traditional model of financing and delivery of care will be sustainable. The Government has pledged that that no one is denied adequate medical treatment due to lack of means, a stance in existence for decades and being reflected by the steady state of public and private share of health expenditure. Apart from two major re-structuring of the governance system, there has been little change in the service provision organisations. The system is often criticized for being heavily hospital based and acute-centric, particularly in the public services. Primary care is taken up predominantly by the private sector, mostly in clinical services, not focusing on prevention. It is apparent that there is a significant service gap, that needs to be examined and addressed systematically before a practical solution can be formulated. A more holistic, humanistic and better integrated system of care, with innovative care patterns, shall be the way forward
An Asian-Pacific Perspective on Solutions for a More Humanistic, Holistic and Integrated Model of Care
Get PDFThis Special Issue selects papers from the CPCE Health Conference 2019 held at the College of Professional & Continuing Education (CPCE) of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University on 14 January 2019. CPCE is delighted to contribute to this Special Issue of APJHM. CPCE, together with the Hong Kong College of Health Services Executives, have been working together on many fronts with the Australian College of Health Services Management, and this Special Issue is an example of another fruitful collaboration.....
Analysing a Resilience Development Program: who benefits?
Get PDFObjective: This article presents findings from an analysis of resilience and resilience development. Design: Convergent, mixed-methods research used an online survey to gather data from participants in a resilience development program, in combination with a small number of semi-structured interviews with managers. Setting: The research was carried out on public sector health and human services managers and staff, during a time of ‘downsizing’ and organisational restructuring. Main outcome measures: The Wagnild Resilience Scale was used to measure resilience levels and their association to respondent demographic, educational and professional groupings. Results: Interviews with senior managers found a consensus of opinion that resilience was important; and the resilience development program either had, or potentially had, benefits for their workforce. Perceptions about exactly who would benefit differed between senior managers and participants in the program. Participant survey results indicated that respondent characteristics (age, occupational group, highest level of education and departmental role) were associated with differing levels of resilience. Conclusions: This study found that resilience development may benefit two groups of employees in particular: non-nursing staff under 50 years of age, and managers. These findings add to the body of knowledge associated with staff resilience development, organisational change management and organisational learning. These results inform health service manager practice by suggesting potential target groups for resilience development. 
Promotion of Appropriate Use of Electronic Devices Among Hong Kong Adolescents
Get PDFThe advancement of technology is changing the world so rapidly with implication to people’s daily activities and health. The excessive utilisation of electronic devices, particularly among adolescents, are affecting the physical, psychological and social wellbeing of these young people. Physical inactivity, obesity, musculoskeletal conditions, vision, cognitive development, sleep pattern, family relationship, addiction and gaming are issues of importance and attention arising from the inappropriate use of electronic devices. Stakeholders, including the parents, teachers, government, community organisations and the adolescents themselves, have different but complementary roles in the prevention of internet addiction and in the promotion of appropriate use of electronic devices among adolescents
Oncology Pharmacist’s Role and Impact on the Multidisciplinary Patient-Centre Practice of Oncology Clinic in Public Hospitals
Get PDFOncology pharmacy service was developed and integrated into the multidisciplinary team of oncology clinic in 2013 at the United Christian Hospital aiming to enhance the holistic patient-centre practice of the clinic through the optimization of the safety and efficacy of anti-cancer treatment. This review aims to describe the role and impact of oncology pharmacists (OPs) in clinical setting to optimize anti-cancer treatment for cancer patients in a multidisciplinary care approach. From selection, prescribing, procurement to monitoring and patient education, OPs significantly contribute to the safety and effective use of anti-neoplastics in any circumstances. OPs provide professional advices to oncologists in choosing the appropriate anti-cancer agents for specific cancer and designing personalized anti-cancer treatment according to patients’ fitness and appropriateness for chemotherapy. Parenteral and oral chemotherapeutic agents carry heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when they are used in errors. Thus, OPs also develop standardized chemotherapy orders and ensure the final dose is appropriate in terms of both hematological and non-hematological responses and tolerability. Moreover, OPs play an important role in procuring anti-cancer drugs and sourcing alternative drug choices that will deliver similar clinical outcomes. In addition, OPs also assure the clinical integrity of anti-cancer drugs for full anti-neoplastic activity and safe administration of these drugs by nursing staff to minimize potential occupational risk. Most importantly, OPs play a vital role in providing direct patient care functions such as drug therapy monitoring and management (e.g. ensure that patients receive sufficient pre-medications for administration of anti-cancer drugs), and medication counseling for patients and their carers to better understand their anti-cancer treatment. The positive impact of integrating OPs into the multidisciplinary patient-center practice of oncology clinic includes (1) reduction in potentially life-threatening medication incidents and cancer drug administration errors in public hospitals; (2) collaboration with oncologists to select the most suitable cancer drug regimens for patients; (3) prevention of potential occupational risk to the healthcare professionals who handle cancer drugs; and (4) provision of optimal therapy treatment, monitoring and counseling to patients to reduce side effects and hospital readmission. The professional drug knowledge of OPs adds value to the multidisciplinary team in oncology clinics and the growth of OPs into effective direct patient care in oncology clinics should be encouraged to optimize medication-related outcomes
Managers of Aged Care Residential Services: 2006-2016
Get PDFPurpose : Aged care Australia is going through a transformation reform to respond to the growing number of aged people in need of support in daily living. In this context, this article provides analyses of the number and characteristics of managers of aged care residential services in relation to number of aged people, residents of aged care facilities and people employed in them.
Methodology/Design: Design of the analyses follows specifications provided by the authors for tabulations prepared by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from the censuses of population conducted by ABS in 2006 and 2016.
Analysis : Analysis of changes of the number of managers of aged care residential facilities against the number of aged people, residents of aged care facilities, and people employed in them. Further, the analyses examine changes in the age and sex of managers, their category, field and level of education, weekly income, hours worked, marital status, country of birth and indigenous status.
Findings: There was a large increase in the number of employees and managers per resident, and a stable ratio of managers per employees. While the proportion of female managers declined, the average age of managers increased slightly. Both the fields and level of education remained similar in the decade. The average income of managers was similar as that in all industries in 2016, with a larger increase during the decade than in all industries. Average hours worked remained about the same. The same applied to marital status. The proportion of Australia-born managers declined while that of managers born in Asia rose substantially. The proportion of indigenous managers about doubled during the decade.
Implications: Relevance to those concerned with the evolving transformation of aged care in Australia and those interested with management training of the growing number of managers of aged care residential services. 
Feasibility of eHealth Implementation in India Learning from Global Experience
Get PDFThe present paper explores the factors for the effective implementation of eHealth in India by taking into account the diverse benefits and challenges at organization and practitioner’s level. The present study is exploratory in nature which has been carried out after comparing the study across the globe. Various benefits and challenges explored from previous studies are used to discover the factors for effective implementation of ehealth in India. Findings of study centered to identify factors for effective implementation of eHealth at four different levels: Practitioners’ level, Organizational Level, Patients’ Level, and Government level. The most important factors at practitioners level are an alignment of the practitioners with objectives and making adequate arrangements for training of the practitioners. The important factors required to overcome problems at practitioners level are perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude to use eHealth. At the organization level, important factors are an alignment of stakeholders with current goals, skills set of staff, the relationship among healthcare professionals, capacity for implementation, training and development and employees motivations. At this level, important factors to deal with these challenges are customer value, to build trust in the healthcare provider, interoperability among different healthcare providers, characteristics and mindset of healthcare providers. At the government level, the imperative factors as required to handle different challenges are government policies, sources of funds, reliable health infrastructure and engagement of various stakeholders. Other important factors at this level are the status of eHealth readiness in different areas and levels, social influences and human development index.
This paper highlights the eHealth experiences across the globe and identifies various benefits and challenges in the implementation of eHealth, which will help the decision makers at a different level in India to successfully integrate information technology with healthcare.