Asia-Pacific Journal of Health Management (ACHSM)
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The Satisfaction of Older Adults About Online Group Exercise Program: An alternative option to maintain physical and mental wellbeing during COVID 19 pandemic: Are older adults satisfied with online group exercise programs
No full textBackground: Considering the impact of lockdown on older adults, there is a need for some online option to maintain the physical and mental well-being of this vulnerable population in the current pandemic situation. Generally, In the Indian context, elderly are not well acquainted with online platforms for different purposes of shopping, health or for being socially active. However with adequate training they are willing to learn new technologies and adapt to online platforms.
Objectives: To find the satisfaction of Online group exercise program for older adult’s population to maintain their physical and mental well-being.
Methodology: It was a web-based intervention study where 40 participants were invited to fill the patient satisfaction questionnaire and feedback form using Google Forms. Participants who have attended the online group exercise class at least for a period of 1 month (20 Sessions) were included in the study. Out of 40, 34 participants responded to the questionnaire.
Results: As per descriptive statistical analysis, results showed that 100% of study population was satisfied in all aspects of online exercise program.
Conclusion: With adequate training and constant technical support; elderly population can be encouraged to participate in online group exercise program which is well appreciated by this population as an alternative option in changing health care delivery models
Role of Regulatory Authorities on the Working of Contract Research Organization and Pharmaceutical Company’s Clinical Trials in India : A study of strategic alliances between pharmaceutical companies and clinical research organisations in India
No full textThe evolution of the drug development process and testing its efficacy is a primary responsibility of pharmaceutical companies. The time cost investment involved in identifying a compound suitable to its target disease and making it available to the masses eventually led to the rise of the Contract Research Organization (CRO) in the domain of clinical research. Pharmaceutical companies outsource the research and clinical trials to CRO’s. A CRO has a vital role from drug discovery to the launch and marketing of drugs. India is emerging as attractive location for global clinical trial. It has cost advantage compared to other countries and a well-developed associated services like data management, medical writing and pharmacovigilance. The Central Drug Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is the National Regulatory Authority in India that aims to bring safe drugs and standardize clinical research.
Pharmaceutical Companies benefit by strategically working with CRO to gain speed and efficiency in drug discovery, generation and retention of clinical data integrity. The risk associated with CRO relates to delays and inferior quality of work, thereby making CRO a critical decision for Pharmaceutical Company
Publicly Financed Health Insurance Schemes and Horizontal Inequity in Inpatient Service Use in India
No full textEquity is a major policy objective of health care reforms across nations. Publicly Financed Health Insurance (PFHI) schemes are one major health care reform that have been adopted across developing countries to address inequity. Existing literature on the effect of PFHIs focuses on out-of-pocket expenditure and utilization of health services, while the effect of PFHIs on equity in health service use remains understudied, particularly in the Indian context. This study addresses this knowledge gap.
In 2008 India launched a PFHI scheme with an aim to achieve horizontal equity, that is the equal treatment for equal needs, in the utilization of health services. Using data from the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), we analyze the extent of inequity in the utilization of inpatient services before (2004) and after (2014) the implementation of the PFHI.
The annual hospitalization rate increased from 2.4 percent in 2004 to 4.4 percent in 2014 and the increase is higher for rural population. The proportion of population covered by any health insurance scheme increased from 0.5 percent to 15.3 percent post-PFHI implementation. The study finds that PFHIs were associated with reduced inequalities in inpatient service use, but the extent of reduction varied across states and across urban/rural areas. Our inter-state analysis shows that the States with a higher concentration of PFHIs among richer quintiles, a possible leakage and exclusion errors, have failed to ensure the needed access for their poor population. This failure reflects in their higher levels of income-based inequity in inpatient service use. This study has implications for the implementers of social security programs adopting targeted approach. There is a need for better strategies for the identification of beneficiaries and ensuring that they receive scheme benefits to have intended welfare effects
Gender Equity in Australian Health Leadership
No full textObjective: To ascertain the gender distribution across public health boards in Australia.
Design & Setting: Analysis of data and information obtained from a cross sectional audit of online publicly listed health boards within Australia from October to December 2019.
Results: The majority of public health boards have close to equal representation of women as board members however women are underrepresented in Chair roles. Victoria has significantly more women on health boards, whereas New South Wales has significantly less women on health boards and in Chair positions.
Conclusions: Further efforts are required to drive gender equity in senior leadership roles in public health boards across Australi
Covid-19: A strife of interests for us all and what problem are we attempting to solve?
No full textAt the time of writing, nation states globally are beginning the vaccination process in response to Covid-19. There is great expectation that it will deliver effective protection to most populations. The logistic of the production and delivery of the vaccines, and use are immense and, we are fortunate, in the Australian context that the extent of the virus spread, and impact has been relatively limited and mostly contained. While everyone is wanting rapid progress, our context does allow us the opportunity to ‘hasten slowly’ and have a positive outcome...
Dialysis Adequacy among Haemodialysis Patients in Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textIntroduction: Dialysis adequacy is one of the most important indicators for measuring the quality of care provided in hemodialysis (HD) wards. Despite individual studies, there is still no comprehensive study about dialysis adequacy in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). This study was conducted to evaluate the dialysis adequacy in HD patients in the EMRO.
Methods: In the present systematic review and meta-analysis international (EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science) and national (SID, MAGIRAN) databases were searched for related articles using keywords “dialysis adequacy” and “EMRO” from 1 January 2000 to April 30, 2020. The quality of studies was studied using Hoy et al instrument.
Results: Out of 966 retrieved studies, 63 studies conducted on 15462 HD patients were included. The pooled mean of KT/V and URR were 1.24 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.30) and 63.03% (95% CI: 61.31, 64.75), respectively. The pooled prevalence of Kt/V>1.2 and URR>65.0% were 42.73% (95% CI: 31.58, 53.88) and 42.52% (95% CI: 25.3, 59.7), respectively.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate the poor dialysis adequacy in the EMRO region and the need to improve the physical infrastructure, workforce, and pieces of equipment in hemodialysis wards
Health Literacy Promotion and Its Institutional Arrangements: Rethinking collaborative health promotion in Thailand
No full textThis research explores institutional arrangements that govern health literacy promotion policies in Thailand since 2014. This study sets the main questions as what are the main institutional arrangements that governed health literacy promotion policies in Thailand since 2014 and can these arrangements be viewed as collaborative health governance? This paper argues that the military coup in 2014 transformed institutional-governing arrangements on health system management and health promotion greatly as many legal-political institutions and various social-political agencies were involved and brought together to promote health and health literacy. A so-called principle of ‘collaborative governance’ has been employed and implemented to promote health in Thailand recently, however, this study argues that the institutional constraints under authoritarian regime offer a ‘fictitious-collaborative health governance’ instead. Furthermore, deliberative processes on health literacy promotion regulated by many legal - institutional constraints had characteristics of ‘pseudo-deliberation’. This work is qualitative research, and it analyzes and explains research results by looking through theoretical concepts of institutionalism and collaborative governance. This study argues that to reach the goal of health literate community and society, Thai health agencies and authorities should re-approach health and health literacy promotion from the bottom-up perspective. Also, overcoming fictitious collaborative health promotion and pseudo-deliberation are necessary. To do that, we need a long-term project of building up a ‘critical health regime’ based on critical education and anti-authoritarianism as major principles.
(*The paper was presented at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University’s College of Professional and Continuing Education (CPCE) Conference “Post-pandemic health and long-term care: A new paradigm”. September 2021
An Integrative Approach for Wellness: An assessment of potential of Ayurveda during COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe integrative approach for wellness has become an arena where integrating the indigenous practice with the dominant bio-medical system has activated a transformation process. Further, a debate characterized by fundamental dichotomies of health/wellness is there to find an approach in agreement with holistic wellness. The limitations of protocol-driven medical science and avoiding the patient behind the patient have again compelled us during this pandemic to explore holistic health.
This paper presents an analysis and explores the feasibility of Ayurveda as an integrative system to wellness and tests the Ayurveda concept of holistic wellness against three such dichotomies: 'health' vs wellness, 'body' vs 'mind,' and 'curative vs. preventive,' where the current medical model can be said to represent the first elements in the three dichotomies.
Keeping the current Covid-19 pandemic as a critical incident, researchers tried to justify that the synergistic confluence will act as a complementary/supportive knowledge in humanity's struggle against the pandemic. For synergistic confluence of Ayurveda and medical Science, the scientist's temperament and evidence-based medical science approach should be applied to validate the principles and therapies of Ayurveda
The Future of Allied Health leadership in New Zealand-Aotearoa: A literature review
No full textBackground: The allied heath, scientific and technical (allied health) workforce is the second largest workforce in New Zealand, providing diagnostic, therapeutic and preventative services. Increasingly consumers present with complex conditions requiring multiprofessional integrated services and a legacy of profession-focused leadership development is being challenged. [1] Future health and disability systems require leaders prepared to lead complex services, less focussed on their professional background and more on understanding their interprofessional services. [2, 3] The Allied health workforce is well placed to lead these systems, providing interprofessional experience, a biopsychosocial lens and collaborative models of practice.
Aim: To provide an understanding of the literature and research available that addresses the leadership of healthcare services by allied health clinicians.
Methodology: An initial database review was completed using a systematic approach, across CINAHL complete; EBSCO Business; Medline; and EBSCO Health databases from March 2020 to September 2020. An expanded search used Google Scholar and NZ, UK and Australian based government websites to access institutional documents, such as policies, reviews and reports.
Results: The review identified an emerging pool of research on allied health leadership in Australia and the UK but a paucity of literature on allied health leadership in New Zealand. Three themes were identified and explored within the article: health leadership frameworks, current state and barriers and enablers identified.
Conclusions: Literature advocates for a broader scope of clinicians into strategic leadership roles. Despite evidence of strategic allied health roles in New Zealand there remains a dearth of literature on allied health leadership. To foster and sustain the development of allied health leaders in New Zealand it is important to understand the enablers that impact this process
Novel Insights into Data Mining to Improve the Specificity of Pharmacovigilance and Prevent Adverse Drug Reactions in Psychiatric Patients
No full textThe aim of this perspective is to provide a review upon the fundamental computational methods deployed in data mining as applied to healthcare data, with particular regards to patient records of psychiatric patients. Albeit clinical data mining has advanced over the years, further research is needed to improve the specificity of pharmacovigilance and prevent adverse drug reactions in psychiatric patients. From describing the main principles and present challenges of data mining to its most-novel applications in clinical psychiatry, this literature review highlights current research gaps that have to be filled to increase the efficacy of psychiatric drugs nowadays, thus improving patient outcomes and decreasing hospitalization costs