American Academic & Scholarly Research Center: AASRC Journal Systems
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Some properties of fuzzy closed sets and fuzzy semi-closed sets in fuzzy topological spaces defined on a fuzzy set
Get PDFThe aim of this work is to introduce certain types of fuzzy closed sets such as fuzzy regular closed set, fuzzy – closed set, fuzzy - closed, fuzzy – closed set and fuzzy – closed set. We studied the relation among them and some fundamental properties of these sets. Also we introduced and studied fuzzy regular open set, fuzzy – open set, fuzzy - open set, fuzzy – open set, also we gave the relation between them and some fundamental properties of those sets. Also we introduce the concept of a and study some properties of this fuzzy set. We depended a fuzzy topology which is defined on a fuzzy set instead of a crisp set when we defined these sets
Assessment of Macronutrients in a Tropical Rainforest Stream, Southern Nigeria
Get PDFThe macronutrients of water samples from Ogbei Stream in Nkpologwu, Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria was investigated between May 2008 and April 2009. Water samples were collected fortnightly using sterilized plastic containers fresh from factory. The pattern of cationic dominance in the study was Ca>Mg>Na>Fe. The calcium concentration was highest in station 4 (7.54±0.82 mg/l). The highest and lowest mean values of magnesium, iron and sodium occurred in station 6 (6.16±6.40 mg/l, range 0.60 – 7.60 mg/l) and lowest in station 5 (5.97 ± 0.42 mg/l), range 0.70 – 8.30 mg/l), station 2 (1.46±0.34 mg/l, 0.10 – 4.60 mg/l) and station 6 (1.27±0.32 mg/l, range 0.00 – 4.30 mg/l), and station 1 (2.13±0.78 mg/l, range 0.30 – 12.90 mg/l) and station 3 (1.99±0.73 mg/l, range 0.30 – 12.90 mg/l) respectively. No significant difference (p>0.05) existed between the various mean values recorded for the different parameters at the study stations. The highest mean calcium concentration value of 12.42±0.16 mg/l recorded in March was significantly different (p<0.05) from the mean values of all other months. The mean magnesium concentration was maximum (7.56±0.08 mg/l) in February. The June and September mean values for iron differed significantly (p<0.05) from each other and from the values of all other months. Sodium was highest in June (4.48±1.21 mg/l) and lowest (0.35±0.02 mg/l) in November. T-test showed that calcium, magnesium and iron mean values recorded in the dry season and rainy season were significantly different (p<0.05). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the sodium mean values obtained for dry season and rainy season
PROVISION OF REPRESENTATIVE SELECTION OF OBSERVATIONS IN CONDITIONS OF SHORT RANGE OF DYNAMICS
Get PDFRepresentative sample of observations in terms of a number of short ynamiky. The approach to ensure representativeness of the sample observation technical and economic performance of the company in a dynamic changing external and internal conditions of its operation. The proposed approach can improve the homogeneity of aggregate indicators studied, and it presentable in terms of a short series of observation
PUBLIC HEALTH WELLBEING SCALE: RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY STUDY OF THE TURKISH VERSION
Get PDFAim: The aim of this study was to test the validity of the Public Health and Wellbeing Scale reliability in Turkey. Methods: As a data collection tool was performed; Public Health Wellbeing Scale with a data sheet and perceived well-being Scale. For reliability analysis; Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient to determine the internal consistency coefficients, the item - total point correlations to determine item-total analysis were calculated. The validity for analysis; from English to Turkish translation and from Turkish to English was translated back to determine the language validity, to determine content validity were expert opinion consulted (Davis technique was applied), Content Validity İndex (CVI) was calculated, the concurrent scale validity method was used to determine criterion-related validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the construct validity.  
Effects of Guided-Inquiry and Demonstration Method on Science Process Skills Acquisition among Secondary School Biology Students in Anambra State
Get PDFThis study was designed to investigate the effect of guided-inquiry and demonstrationmethods of teaching on science process skills acquisition among secondary school biologystudents. The design of the study was quasi-experimental, specifically, the non-equivalent,pretest-posttest was used. One hundred and fifty (150) Senior Secondary one biology studentsin co-educational Government owned schools formed the sample of the study. Three (3)groups co-educational schools were randomly drawn from the fifty (50) co educationalsecondary schools in Ogidi education zone in Anambra state. Intact classes were randomlyassigned to two experimental groups and a control group. The experimental groups one andtwo were taught using guided-inquiry and demonstration methods respectively. The controlgroup students were taught using the conventional method. Two research questions and twonull hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A Test of Science Process SkillsAcquisition (TOSPSA) of twenty (20) items was developed and used in obtaining data onstudents’ acquisition of the process skills of science. The data were analyzed using mean andstandard deviation to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance(ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result revealedthat students taught using the guided-inquiry method performed significantly better than thosetaught using demonstration and conventional methods. It was recommended that teachersshould use guided-inquiry method of teaching that challenges students to be involved in theclassroom, this will spur their interest to learn. In-service training and workshop should beorganized by the Ministry of Education to train teachers in the use of importance of activitymethod
Trim and Roll Reducing Systems Used in Yachts
Get PDFOne of the most wanted criteria for yachts and sightseeing boats is also comfort. However, the boats are expose to comfort and disturbing effects when sailing or in mooring due to the effects of wind and waves. In order to reduce these negative effects, various studies are being carried out and new systems are being developed to make yachts and boats more comfortable and safe. In this study, trim and roll reduce systems used in yachts and boats are introduced in general and information about which type of boats are compatible with each other is given and advantages and disadvantages of the systems are given
MORGENTHAU SHENANIGANS
Get PDFThe Armenian assertions related to the migration of Armenians living in eastern Anatolia amid the start of First World War, is mainly based on the book titled “Ambassador Morgenthau's Story” written by purported Mr. Henry Morgenthau Sr. The ambassador of USA to Istanbul. In reality, the book was written, edited and composed by Mr. Burton J. Hendricks, the famous journalist, winner of the Pulitzer Prize of the period. He is the unveiled writer behind the curtains. He is the professional writer of this indecisive book and recompensed with an extremely immense lump sum of money from Mr. Morgenthau for his extremely proficient, dedicated and insatiable office. The truth of the matter is that Ambassador Morgenthau administered as a US Ambassador in Istanbul from late November 1913 to early February mid 1916, however never voyaged eastwards even up to İznikomid (İzmit of today), which situated a mere 90 km east of Kalkedon (Kadıköy of today). His book is completely in light of hearings and cosmetics stories made by the two Armenian US Embassy representatives. No data in this book depends on any official report issued by any neighboring nation to the Ottoman Empire or even the US Senate or Congress. At the point when this book is checked against Mr. Morgenthau's Diary, it can be unmistakably seen by anyone that it incorporates made up stories as opposed to mirroring the genuine events, incidents, recollections and memories. This paper, in view of data excerpted from the non-Turkish or non-Ottoman archives and documents as well as official discharges, tries the bring into life what happened really amid this period and the contradictions between the book titled “Ambassador Morgenthau's Story” and his diary
Heavy Metal Levels in Common Spices From Selected Markets in Southeastern Nigeria.
Get PDFFood spices sold in Nigerian markets are often exposed to diversity ofconditions and environments before they reach the consumers. There is no doubt that alongthe route from the producers to the users, as well as during processing, these commodities,could become contaminated with sand and grits, dusts, smoke, particulates, pathogens andheavy toxic metals. In this research, the degree of contamination with chromium weredetermined in fifty common food spices bought from three major markets in SoutheasternNigeria. Two grams of ground dried spice samples were digested using 2:1 HNO3 / Hclo4mixture and analysis of chromium metal were carried out using a GBC Avanta ver. 2.02atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed that the mean concentration of Crrange of detectable values (μg/g) in the fruits, vegetables, other natural spices and processedspices were (0.03-62.30) and (0.50-17.40) respectively. One way analysis of variance showedthe mean concentrations of cr. in each selected common spice are not the same since the Pvalueis less than 0.05(i.e P<0.05). The mean concentration of cr. in the various spices are thesame with respect to location since the P-value is greater than 0.05 ( i.e P>0.05). The meanconcentration of cr. in each processed food spices are the same at P>0.05 while the meanconcentration of cr. in the various processed food spices are also the same with respect tolocation at P>0.05. The level of cr. was below the FAO/WHO recommended limits for metalsin common spices. The daily human intakes of chromium have also been computed and wasobserved below recommended values by FAO/WHO
Educational Research: Panacea For Better Students’ Academic Performance In Tertiary Institutions In Anambra State
Get PDFThe paper investigated research methodology in education; panacea for betterstudent’s performance in tertiary institutions in Anambra state. The population was 300respondents made up of students of higher institutions in Anambra state. A structuredquestionnaire was designed by the researcher and validated by experts and was used for datacollection. Data were analyzed with mean and t-test statistics at 0.05 alpha. Major findings ofthe study: include laziness on the part of the students, lack of expertise on the part of thelecturers, plagiarism among lecturers, incessant industrial actions by labour unions, lack oflearning materials among others. Strategies towards improving students’ performance inresearch methodology were highlighted. They include; provision of learning materials,intensive research workshops for lecturers, stiff penalty for plagiarism among others. It wasrecommended among other measures/strategies that those private firms should be made tosponsor research projects relevant to their operations, cancellation of any project lifted froman old work and stiff penalty for any lecturer caught aiding students to complete theirprojects
‘Quadrupolis’; Community squares in Igbo Philosophy of Traditional Community planning settlements, a study of Owerri capital territory, Imo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe Igbo counting philosophy is based on four,(4), or quadruplet. Thus everythingin Igboland including planning is based on four (4) and or multiples of four. This principlealso finds itself in rural planning of settlements of which community squares are the basicorganizing units. This research identified the indicators upon which this principle works in thecommunity squares and proposes a framework for the integration of traditional communitysquares in the emerging city of Owerri Capital Territory. Data were collected throughquestionnaires, Geographic Information System, GIS, Geographic Positioning System, GPS,observations and interviews. Chi-square, and Pearson correlation were used to analyse thedata and this confirmed the presence of indicators such as hierarchy of open spaces, networkof footpaths based on geometric forms in the traditional community squares. The formsshowed the universality of classical planning principles and theories proving the planningingenuity the people through history. The result showed that these affect the socioeconomic,environmental and socio-cultural activities of the people in Owerri Capital Territory