CREA Journals (Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria)
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Stakeholders’ perception towards ecosystem services provided by forests: comparison among three Balkans countries
Full text linkThe stakeholders’ involvement in forest management is a key point to facilitate the exchange of information between decision makers and the local community, to reduce conflicts between forest users, and to increase social acceptance of decisions made. The aims of the present study are to identify the stakeholders’ preferences towards ecosystem services provided by forests and to analyze the impacts of forest management practices on ecosystem services in the Balkan region. To achieve these aims a face-to-face survey was conducted in three study areas in the Balkans: Shkrel district in Albania; Rugova valley in Kosovo; Knjazevac municipality in Serbia. The three study areas are in a rural context and they are characterized by strong linkages between the local community and natural resources. The questionnaire – provided as a digital application – was administered to a representative sample of stakeholders in each pilot area. The stakeholders were selected among four main groups of interest: public administrations; environmental NGOs, tourism promoters, and private actors of forest-wood chain. The results show that for the Balkan respondents the most important ecosystem services are supporting services (lifecycle maintenance, habitats protection), followed by provisioning services (wood for manufacturing, fuelwood, water supply)
Gaps and perspectives for the improvement of the sweet chestnut forest-wood chain in Italy
Full text linkThe paper provides a summary regarding the current state of silviculture and the use of sweet chestnut wood (Castanea sativa Mill.) in Italy. Existing opportunities for chestnut silviculture are very promising because sweet chestnut covers nearly 800,000 hectares in Italy, representing almost 2.6% of the total area of the country, including 7.5% of national forest areas. In some geographic areas, especially in central-southern Italy, sweet chestnut is the only driver of the sawmill economy. In Italy, this species is typically harvested to produce solid beams and poles. In the field of load-bearing structures, research and innovation in silviculture have provided solutions to the growing use of industrial technologies, and sweet chestnut has become integrated into European standards with the same relevanceas the most commonly most used wood species, such as Norway spruce. However, diversification in wood products is lacking in regions that produce sweet chestnut, as the sawmills tend to be very chestnut-centric, and in terms of the types of final products sweet chestnut is applied to. The typical end uses for sweet chestnut represents a major weakness associated with the massive exploitation of chestnut wood. In addition, the production of sawmills in Italy has decreased recently due to the crisis-driven reductions inactivity. This transition has affected the traditional building sector. The most common wood quality defects associated with sweet chestnut, which limit the use of this species for other wood products, are well known by producers. To boost the demand for this wood, efforts must be made to identify more versatile uses for this wood, promoting differential forest management systems to obtain stems that can be utilised in other types of final products. A list of possible actions is considered to increase the applications for this species, which represents one of the best opportunities to develop a short supply chain
Modeling diameter distribution of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) natural forest in the Aures (Algeria) using the Weibull, Beta and Normal distributions with parameters depending on stand variables
Full text link230 temporary plots located in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands in the Aures (Algeria) were used for modeling its structure with three theoretical distributions, i.e., the Weibull; the normal and the Beta one. Parameters of the Weibull distribution were estimated using two methods: the maximum likelihood and the method of moments. Diameter distribution models were obtained by estimation of each distribution parameters and by their prediction using stand variables. Results revealed the efficiency of the Weibull distribution estimated with the method of moments. The parameter estimation method is more accurate compared to parameter recovery method despite the existence of strong correlations between parameters of the theoretical distributions and some population variables such as arithmetic or quadratic mean diameter and dominant height. Plot characteristics revealed the existence of several distribution shapes: symmetrical; dissymmetrical with left asymmetry and reverse I or J-shaped distributions
Dominant height growth modeling of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) in Beni Imloul forest, northern Algeria
Full text linkTo predict the quality site-index for stands of the Aleppo pine forest of Beni Imloul (Algeria), six algebraic and generalized algebraic difference equations (ADA/GADA) derived from the three base functions of Hossfeld, Bertalanffy-Richards and Lundqvist-Korf were adjusted and compared using cross-sections collected from 51 cut trees based on the stem-analysis method. The Lundqvist-Korf model with the GADA formulation produced a high level of performance and was selected and applied for the site quality identification of 167 temporary sample plots. This parameter, ranging between 9.13 and 17.77 m with an average of 13.99 m, allowed identifying four quality classes with a 2 m step between each class. The efficiency of the selected model, as productivity estimation-key, was verified by confronting the observed and estimated volumes. This key was justified for 77% of the sampled plots, which maintained the same productivity ranking or slightly shift towards one close class, both in terms of volume and dominant height. Not justified for extreme densities, the developed growth model can cautiously be used as a forest management tool in stands with optimal densities
Indian: Indian
No full textMaize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most versatile crop next to rice and wheat. It can be grown over diverse agro-climatic conditions. It has immense potential and is therefore regarded as “Queen of the cereals”. Globally, maize is grown on an area about 196 million hectares, yielding approximately 1110 million metric tons annually, with the United States leading in production as well as productivity (FAOSTAT, 2021-22). In India, maize cultivation covers an area of about 9.20 million hectares, producing 27.23 million metric tons of grains annually (MOA&FW, 2021-22). However, productivity in India starts decreasing below the global average due to several challenges, including deficiencies in quality seed production, limited adoption of technology and small landholdings, which hinder growth. Moreover, improper fertilizer usage and unpredictable weather patterns exacerbate yield limitations. To Overcome these challenges necessitates ensuring consistent nutrient supply throughout the season which is vital for maintaining balanced crop nutrition. However, 4R approach—utilizing the right source, at the right time, in the right place, and with the right method—plays pivotal role in maize nutrient management strategies. Meeting maize's micronutrient needs during key growth stages is imperative for achieving higher productivity and promoting environmental sustainability. Strategies such as balanced fertilization, micronutrient application, integrated nutrient management, incorporating legumes, and precision practices are essential for maximizing production and productivity. Keeping the above points in view, significance of nutrient management in enhancing maize productivity while promoting sustainable agricultural practices has been reviewed
Development and morphological characterization of purple sweet corn lines
Full text linkTatlı deneyimler, türlerine göre daha büyük bir hayalden faydalanmaktır. Taze, sanayi ve konserve marketlerde kullanılır. Çocuklara, renksiz olan bir renkliden daha yüksek bir şeye sahip olma hayaline sahip olmak. Mor olmaktan kurtulmuş bir şekilde değerlendirilebilir olması takdir edilmektedir. Ancak Türkiye'de talepli çeşitler ve bu ihtiyaçları karşılamaya yönelik ve iyileştirme programları bulunmamaktadır. Bu amacı, (i) yeni mor tatlı kendi içinde yetiştirilmiş hatlar geliştirmek, (ii) morf karakterizasyon ile iyileşmek ve (iii) mor tatlı muayene için kabul edilebilirliğinitir. Bu araştırma, 2017-2021 Türkiye'de Antalya'da yapılmıştır.Standart tatlılardır ve öğleden sonra alınan mor mumlu tatlılardan ve mor renk olarak kullanılır. Mor tatlılar sevgilerimle yapmak için soyağacı işlemi. Çizgiler morfolojik incelemeye göre kullanılmış ve analizde toplam kümeye ayrılmıştır. Mor tatlı Türkiye'de sadece tarlada değil, serada da yetiştirilebilir. Bu çalışma, mor tatlıların çok fazla antosiyanın, antioksidan fenolike sahip olduğudur. Panel testi fiyatlarına göre, yeni bir işlevsel gıda görünümü olarak ve satın alma seçenekleri için mor tatlı seçilebilecekleri görülüyor. Bu, Türkiye'de morolojik grafikler.Mor tatlılar sevgilerimle yapmak için soyağacı işlemi. Çizgiler morfolojik incelemeye göre kullanılmış ve analizde toplam kümeye ayrılmıştır. Mor tatlı Türkiye'de sadece tarlada değil, serada da yetiştirilebilir. Bu çalışma, mor tatlıların çok fazla antosiyanın, antioksidan fenolike sahip olduğudur. Panel testi fiyatlarına göre, yeni bir işlevsel gıda görünümü olarak ve satın alma seçenekleri için mor tatlı seçilebilecekleri görülüyor. Bu, Türkiye'de morolojik grafikler. Mor tatlılar sevgilerimle yapmak için soyağacı işlemi.Çizgiler morfolojik özelliklerine göre karakterize edilmiş ve analizde toplam yedi kümeye ayrılmıştır. Mor tatlı mısır Türkiye'de sadece tarlada değil, serada da yetiştirilebilir. Bu çalışma, mor tatlı mısırların çok fazla antosiyanin, antioksidan fenolik bileşiklere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Panel test sonuçlarına göre, tüketicilerin yeni bir fonksiyonel gıda olarak görünüm ve satın alma talepleri için mor tatlı mısırı seçebilecekleri görülüyor. Bu, Türkiye'de mor tatlı mısır hatlarının gelişimi ve morfolojik karakterizasyonu hakkında ilk rapordur. Mor tatlı mısır Türkiye'de sadece tarlada değil, serada da yetiştirilebilir. Bu çalışma, mor tatlı mısırların çok fazla antosiyanin, antioksidan fenolik bileşiklere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Panel test sonuçlarına göre, tüketicilerin yeni bir fonksiyonel gıda olarak görünüm ve satın alma talepleri için mor tatlı mısırı seçebilecekleri görülüyor. Bu, Türkiye'de mor tatlı mısır hatlarının gelişimi ve morfolojik karakterizasyonu hakkında ilk rapordur. Mor tatlı mısır Türkiye'de sadece tarlada değil, serada da yetiştirilebilir. Bu çalışma, mor tatlı mısırların çok fazla antosiyanin, antioksidan fenolik bileşiklere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Panel test sonuçlarına göre, tüketicilerin yeni bir fonksiyonel gıda olarak görünüm ve satın alma talepleri için mor tatlı mısırı seçebilecekleri görülüyor. Bu, Türkiye'de mor tatlı mısır hatlarının gelişimi ve morfolojik karakterizasyonu hakkında ilk rapordur
The effect of salinity on evapotranspiration, some growth parameters and ion uptake of sweet sorghum
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine the effect of different irrigation water salinity levels on two different sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) variety (Erdurmuş and Uzun) growth, evapotranspiration, some growth parameters, and ion uptake in leaves and roots. Six different saline irrigation water levels (S0=0.5 (control), S1= 1.0, S2: 2.0, S4=4.0, S8= 8.0, and S16=16.0 ds m-1) were obtained by mixing the NaCl and CaCl2 salt species into the tap water source. Plants were harvested before the phase of florescence. Increasing salinity level first increased and then decreased all growth parameters (Stem length, root length, fresh stem weight, fresh root weight, dry stem weight, and dry root weight). The increased salinity level after S2 treatment resulted in decreased water use efficiency. The salinity level affected the uptake of all ions in the root (except the Kion) and leaf, and as the salinity level increased, the amount of N, P, Mn, Znand Na in the leaf increased significantly, while the amount of K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Cu decreased
Soil dataset from poplar cultivation sites in northern Italy plains
Full text linkThe data pertains to georeferenced soil samples collected from poplar plantations situated in the plains of northern Italy between 1994 and 1996 and targeted areas with poplar plantations that were at least five years old in 1994.
Soil characteristics (texture, NH4+, NO3-, CaCO3, P2O5, pH, organic matter, Soil Organic Carbon - SOC) were documented for every first layer of soil samples, while NIR spectroscopy data for every layer were collected using an ASD Fieldspec instrument. Reflectance at wavelength range 350 – 2,500 nm was acquired. Measurements adhered to the IEEE-P4005 standard on standard sands.
Other useful data like the presence of irrigation was recorded, as well as the depth of the temporary and permanent water table for the topmost layer.
Spectral row data and soil database holds potential for conducting further studies and comparisons with other monitoring soil survey. By utilizing these samples as long-term control points, it becomes possible to identify changes in land use patterns or properties. It would be of interest to investigate the temporal dynamics of organic carbon in the soil or its relation with land management, thus the potential for carbon farming
Gene action and order effects in single, three-way and double cross hybrids of maize ( Zea mays L.) for fodder yield across environments
Full text linkIn India maize is the third most important cereal crop after rice and wheat. Seven inbreds were involved in crossing to obtain twenty one single crosses and 105 each of three-way and double crosses in half diallel fashion and further evaluated in kharif 2015 at three locations. Diallel, triallel and quadriallel analysis were conducted to study general and specific combining abilities, gene action and order effects for forage yield. In diallel, good general combiners, BML 51 and BML 14 produced a highest fodder yielding and a good specific combiner BML 51 × BML 14 and in the triallel also the same inbreds were found to be good general combiners either as grand parent or parent. Three way cross (BML 14 × BML 6) × BML 51 had highest mean of 9949 kg ha-1 involved BML 14 as grand parent and BML 51 as parent with highest three-line specific effect. In quadriallel, BML 51 is the best general combiner, (BML 51 × BML 14) × BML 10 had highly significant three line interaction effect (sijk) and the double cross involving these parents (BML 51 × BML 10) × (BML 14 × BML 13) recorded fodder yield of 8333 kg ha-1. Present study revealed that good general combiners and specific combiners were involved in significant interaction effects of three way and double crosses and resulted in higher fodder yields. Dominance interaction in single crosses and additive × additive and additive × dominance type of epistatic interactions in three way crosses and additive × additive × additive interaction in double crosses were predominant, hence possibility of exploitation through heterosis breeding in identifying promising hybrids for cultivation and deriving potential inbreds through pedigree breeding. Parent order effects i.e. the order of lines utilized in three-way crosses and double crosses were clearly elucidated, the order of in which crosses will be effected for obtaining superior hybrids with high forage yield
Initial growth of Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) Macleish in function of planting and topdressing fertilization
Full text linkGrowing demand for alpha-bisabolol oil extracted from Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) Macleish, a Brazilian native tree, justifies its commercial plantations. However, its silviculture is relatively new and lacks information, especially about its nutritional aspects. It is the first study to focus on the field response of E. erythropappus to fertilization. We aimed to assess the effect of planting fertilization and topdressing on its initial growth. The experiment, conducted in Lavras, Brazil, consisted of six different fertilization treatments using different doses of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), with the quantities based on soil analysis results and recommendations for other forest species. We designed the experiment in four randomized blocks using or not P at planting and application or not of N and K on top dressing, with the increase until 3X P dose when using N and K. Over 20 months, we evaluate the height (H) and base diameter (BD) and processed the data by ANOVA and Scott-Knott test (p<0.07). There was no response to any dose of phosphorus, while there was a positive response to the application of nitrogen and potassium, even without the application of phosphorus. The results indicate topdressing on E. erythropappus to maximize its growth and production