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Investigation of CSF1R Sialylation
No full textColony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) plays a critical role in the survival and proliferation of myeloid lineage cells, including specialized immune cells such as macrophages. Polysialic acid, a carbohydrate polymer, is thought to be involved in various biological processes, including tumor growth, synaptic plasticity, and the immune system pertaining to cell-to-cell signaling and interactions. Previous research suggests that CSF1R may be decorated with polysialic acid. In this current study, molecular techniques, including immunoprecipitation to isolate CSF1R and western blotting with polysialic acid-specific antibodies, were employed to investigate this possibility. While definitive evidence for polysialylation of CSF1R cannot yet be confirmed, initial findings showed banding in whole cell lysates with polysialic acid-detecting antibodies, indicating that polysialylation occurs in macrophages. Although it remains unclear whether CSF1R is directly polysialylated, these results suggest a broader occurrence of polysialylation in macrophages. Further investigation is required to explain the full extent of polysialic acid’s involvement in macrophage biology. If these findings are confirmed, they could open new avenues for understanding the role of polysialic acid in immune regulation and macrophages
A Geotechnical Analysis of Soil Sample PP-13 from the Palouse Prairie Restoration Project in Cheney WA
No full textThe Palouse is a distinct geographic region covering much of Eastern Washington, parts of Western Idaho, and Northeastern Oregon. The region is characterized by rolling loess hills and originally featured an extensive and diverse prairie ecosystem. Settlement in the late 1800s rapidly led to the prairie being converted into farmland, and today less than one percent of the original ecosystem remains. The Palouse Prairie Restoration Project is currently being undertaken at Eastern Washington University to convert a 120-acre parcel of Palouse farmland back to the original prairie ecosystem. The area will function as a living laboratory and feature amenities like walking trails and outdoor classrooms. For this project, we collected a soil sample (PP-13) from the restoration site and determined its geotechnical engineering properties through a variety of ASTM standard tests. Tests included soil specific gravity, sieve and hydrometer analysis to determine particle size, plastic and liquid limits, optimal water content for compaction, and unconfined compressive strength. It is important to understand these soil properties when undergoing any sort of construction. This information helps minimize risk of structural failure and other natural hazards, and it helps reduce harm to the environment
Into Eternity: Legacy of The Saint Patrick\u27s Battalion
No full text“The Saint Patrick’s Battalion” was a rogue unit of Irish-Catholic soldiers who deserted from the U.S. Army shortly before or during the Mexican-American war. Disillusioned by their mistreatment in the American army, they found common ground with the Mexican people over their shared faith and national story. John Riley, the battalion’s eventual leader, deserted shortly before the war broke out and was captured by Mexican forces. After some convincing, he was given a commission by Mexican General Pedro de Ampudia and instructed to raise a company of fellow deserters. The unit served courageously, garnering praise and honor in the eyes of the Mexican people, until their defeat at the Battle of Churubusco in 1847. The sixty-five men captured after the battle were tried and convicted of desertion. Fifty of these men were hanged, while the others, including Captain Riley, suffered horrific punishment. To understand the historical legacy of the San Patricios in Mexican history, it is important to first understand the events that catapulted them into legend. This paper contends that the brutal executions and harsh punishments inflicted on the San Patricios during the Mexican-American War played a crucial role in shaping their legacy, transforming them from traitors to martyrs and contributing significantly to their widespread reverence in Mexico as seen in the prevalence of public monuments dedicated to their memory. This essay explores the evolving historical legacy of the Saint Patrick’s Battalion in the Mexican public consciousness, utilizing primary and secondary sources to elucidate the unit’s cultural memory
Narrative and Continuity in Shakespeare\u27s Sonnets
No full textWilliam Shakespeare\u27s poetry has been renowned for centuries, both for its cultural impact on storytelling and its lyrical beauty. Although his plays are the most well-known — in particular the love story of Romeo and Juliet — the only one of his individual sonnets that is publicly known is Sonnet 18, another themed on love and often read at weddings. However, Sonnet 18 is deeply intertwined with the context of the 153 others, and this presentation will cover that context to give more meaning to the poetry already known and revered. It will specifically be analyzing sonnets 5, 6, 12, 15, and 16, and how the first \u27arc\u27 of sonnets function as a whole. Materials will be provided for all analyzed poems with no prior reading required
Age-Related Differences in the Acute Effects of Muscle Fatigue on Stability
No full textPostural stability is necessary for maintaining body position, achieving coordination, and reducing fall risk. With advancing age, fall risk increases, due in part to a decreasing ability to maintain postural stability. Muscular fatigue, which results from activities of daily life or exercise, may further intensify instability and increase the risk of falls. Some research indicates older individuals develop muscular fatigue sooner than younger adults, but less is known about the differences in the time to recover stability. PURPOSE: To compare the acute effects of muscular fatigue on stability and time to recover stability between older and younger adults. METHODS: Participants from two age groups (n = 30; younger, 18-28 y; and older, 55-65 y) will be recruited. Twenty participants, 10 per group, have completed the study. Limits of Stability (LOS) testing and a fatiguing protocol, comprised of sit-to-stand to volitional fatigue, were performed. LOS tests were conducted at baseline and 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after the fatiguing protocol. The variables of interest from LOS include reaction time (RT) and maximum excursion (MXE). The effects of age and recovery time on RT and MXE were analyzed with a 2 (group) by 6 (time) ANCOVA, with time to fatigue as a covariate (α = .05). RESULTS: Preliminary analysis indicates that after adjusting for time to fatigue for MXE, there was no significant group by time interaction (p = .11), and no main effect of time (p = .07) or group (p = .07). For RT there was no significant interaction (p= .71) or main effect of time (p = .34), but there was a significant group effect (p = .002), with younger participants exhibiting faster reaction times (0.45 ± 0.14 s) compared to older participants (0.53 ± 0.11 s) on average. CONCLUSION: Based on these early results, balance measures were not significantly affected by fatigue. However, given the low sample size currently, these results may differ as additional data are collected. Between groups, there was no difference in maximum excursion based on age, which indicates that both groups were effective in reaching their limits of stability. There was a significant difference in reaction times between groups, with younger participants having faster reaction times at all testing points. This is to be expected with changes in the neuromuscular system that occur with age
ICP-OES Analysis of Yarrow
No full textThe Prairie Restoration Site located on Eastern Washington University’s campus is home to a variety of native and non-native plants. One plant in particular, Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow, has a lengthy history in our region and is an important part of many ecosystems. A section of this restoration site lays over what was once the shooting range for various clubs at EWU. Because of this, it is suspected that there are higher concentrations of lead and other heavy metals from the years of use as a shooting range in the past. This study aims to find how much lead in the soil can be taken up into the roots of yarrow and how it may travel upwards into the above ground section of the plant. This experiment was conducted in Jan 2025 as three samples of yarrow and one soil sample were collected, dried and leached with dilute HNO3 and analyzed using an ICP-OES. Results suggest that the samples collected fell outside of the zone of higher heavy metal concentrations, however beneficial data such as background heavy metal concentrations and a potential inverse relationship between the uptake of Ca and Pb would aid in further research.
(Keywords: Achillea millefolium, Heavy metals, ICP-OES
Change of the Perception of the American Flag Over Time
No full textWe hypothesized that in the light of recent events and presence of Donald Trump\u27s controversial policies/statements, the view of the American Flag would be negative and that that negativity is getting worse over time. Participants were asked to rate their overall opinion of the American Flag based on what it represents. Our hypotheses were supported, and we saw our liberal participants especially rate the flag worse over time. This was also observed in our participants that were supportive of Trump, but less so. These findings have implications for how major negative events within a country could affect the population’s view of the country’s flag and symbols
The Impact of Legacy-Building on Older Adults\u27 Well-Being in End-of-Life Care.
Full text linkMany terminally ill patients, specifically older adults often struggle with feelings of existential crisis. As they approach the end of life, their focus frequently shifts from asking, “What is the meaning of my life now?” to “What impact will my life have after I’m gone?” (Timoteo et al., 2024). In response, this poster explores how integrating legacy-building activities into end-of-life care can enhance individuals’ well-being while emphasizing the importance of offering these activities as a standard care option, given the limited awareness of their effectiveness. For instance, Hesse et al. (2019) found that legacy interventions improve psychological well-being by fostering meaning, dignity, and closure. Likewise, key findings reveal that individuals place high importance on emotional expression, preserving their identity, and enhancing their relationships with family and friends through this intervention (Hess et al., 2019) Legacy-building involves creating something meaningful that reflects a person’s life, values, and memories, reinforcing a lasting sense of purpose and identity. To illustrate, individuals can engage in this process through various forms, including writing letters, recording audio or video messages, compiling photo albums, creating artwork, or documenting personal stories (Vidal et al., 2018). Ultimately, this poster will review multiple literature sources and resources from the American Society on Aging (ASA) conference in Orlando, Florida, to examine the positive outcomes of these interventions—such as enhanced emotional and psychological well-being in end-of-life individuals—highlighting the significance of incorporating legacy-building into end-of-life care as an option to support individual’s emotional and psychological needs
Presentation of Final Results 11-6-2025
No full textA 50 minute presentation of the final results from the 2023-2025 PFAS Fate and Transport Study of the West Plains conducted by Dr. Chad Pritchard, Department of Geosciences, Eastern Washington University.
A recording of this lecture is avaliable at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5brQD_UulR
