Alces (A Journal Devoted to the Biology and Management of Moose)
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HOME RANGES AND MIGRATIONS OF THE KOSTROMA FARM MOOSE
No full textThe published literature about moose home ranges is rather contradictory. We studied summer (April–September) home ranges, degree of their variability, and features of moose migrations on the Kostroma moose farm during 1977–1989. The home range of a free-living, handreared female moose encompassed an aggregated area of 57 km2 over 8 years, with the yearly home range varying from 15 to 44 km2. Home ranges of her 4 female offspring proved to be about the same as their natal ranges. We also detected short term (1–3 day) migrations of cows during the breeding season
MOOSE BEHAVIOR AT SALT LICKS
No full textAt a natural salt lick, moose were dominant in relation to marals; they occupied the best sites near the sources. Moose spent from 8 to 48 minutes at the salt lick; certain animals visited the salt lick up to 4 times a day and several times for a number of days. In spring and autumn, moose aggregated at the salt lick in large groups (up to 6 moose and 20 marals). They dispersed among 4 sources
EFFICIENCY OF COLLECTIVE MOOSE HUNTING IN A FOREST-TAIGA ZONE OF RUSSIA
No full textWe discuss results of hunting moose by coordinated drives by various-sized hunting groups in the Kirov region. We report the optimum size of a hunting brigade, its advantages over hunting by individuals or by small groups, and the opportunity for selective harvest by sex and age classes
ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECTS ON MOOSE POPULATIONS IN THE SOUTHERN TAIGA
No full textThis article focuses on variations in moose population densities and sex ratios, autoregulation of its population density, and related effects on the forest since a moose outbreak in 2 central parts of the East–European Plain due to the appearance of early successional tree species, resulting from felling in the course of World War II
ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MOOSE IN ONTARIO
No full textEarly policy decisions affecting moose (Alces alces) management in Ontario were based on data that were not reliable, but were the only basis available for policy development. As data collection increased in accuracy and reliability, policy decisions have also improved. In the last decade of the 20th century, adaptive management has been discussed and advocated as the best approach to managing natural resources since it was first developed in the early 1970s. The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources has instituted at least some of the characteristics of adaptive management in managing moose. The 1960s and 1970s were periods of extensive learning and maturation for biologists and wildlife managers with respect to Ontario’s moose herd. The experience and knowledge gained from these periods were used to develop goals and objectives which would eventually become Ontario’s 1980 moose policy and the first steps of adaptive management. The later phases of the adaptive approach, to evaluate the earlier objectives and learn from them, are reviewed and discussed. The goals established in 1980, probably cannot be achieved, however, the learning associated with the process is important in order to manage adaptively
REVIEWING ONTARIO’S MOOSE MANAGEMENT POLICY - 1980-2000 - TARGETS ACHIEVED, LESSONS LEARNED
No full textWe examine progress made in meeting the 1980, 20- year Ontario Moose Management Policy (MMP) directive. Specific interim (1985, 1995) and final (year 2000) provincial program targets, including population, harvest, hunting, and viewing opportunities, particularly those in the NW Region, are reported. In addition to MMP guidelines, other management policy achievements and shortfalls pertaining to harvest control, population management, enforcement, habitat management, inventory and assessment, research, and hunter education are discussed. Provincially, moose numbers have increased only 7-20% throughout the 1990s plateauing at 100,000- 120,000 while the number of adult tags has almost been halved. Hunter numbers during this period have increased by about 4% and total harvest has remained fairly constant. Adult tag draw success has declined and success in filling a tag has increased while harvest remained similar in absolute numbers. This suggests that factors other than hunting pressure are limiting further population growth. Knowledge gained since 1980 suggests overall population and harvest targets are unattainable and should be revised using adaptive management principles, to more closely reflect land capability and societal demands. Reduced hunter reporting rates in recent years have jeopardized the quality of harvest estimates and diminished overall hunter confidence. Recommendations for policy changes, including revisions to program direction and targets, are made based on lessons learned
COMPONENTS OF RED BLOOD IN YOUNG MOOSE
No full textInvestigating moose domestication at the Pechora–Ilych Reserve provided an opportunity to study the development of respiration blood activity. Respiration (gas transportation) blood activity plays an important role in moose adaptation. Characteristics of the gas– transporting function of blood of moose after birth are not synchronic, and this process is not completed by the age of 1 year. But the process of gas transporting in moose organs develops faster than that of domesticated hoofed animals and is dependent on their environment
AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF THE CONTENTS IN VARIOUS SEGMENTS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF MOOSE
No full textConcentrations of amino acids in various sections of the digestive tract of moose were investigated in 3 animals sampled in autumn. The concentration of amino acids in rumen contents were 1.5 to 2–fold higher when animals consumed a diet of deciduous twigs. The digesta from the small intestine, mainly from the first third of its length, had the highest concentration of amino acids per unit of dry weight. Amino acid levels continuously decreased along the length of the small intestine suggesting a transfer of amino acids across the intestinal wall. In the large intestine, slightly higher concentrations of amino acids were observed in the colon, more than likely due to the metabolic activity of microorganisms
UTILITY OF STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS IN STUDYING FORAGING ECOLOGY OF HERBIVORES: EXAMPLES FROM MOOSE AND CARIBOU [Alces 37(2): 421-434, 2001]
No full textDue to a problem with the resolution of symbols used in Figures 4 and 5 of the above paper (p. 427 of Volume 37, Issue Number 2), those figures were not accurately reproduced in all printed copies of the Alces journal. Figures 4 and 5 are reprinted below using new symbols. Please compare these figures with those published previously for accuracy