Journal of Chemical Health Risks (Islamic Azad University, Iran)
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Comparative Evaluation of Soft Tissue Healing after Socket Preservation Technique Using Gelatin Sponge with or Without iPRF, In Systemically Healthy Adult Individuals: Split-Mouth Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Get PDFIntroduction: Post-dental extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes changes that compromise the surrounding soft and hard tissues. A randomized clinical trial was performed to compare the soft tissue healing after socket preservation technique using gelatin sponge with/without iPRF, over a 6-weeks follow-up period.
Material and Methods: The present study was carried out at 46 sites, of which 23 sockets received gelatin sponge soaked in injectable platelet rich fibrin (iPRF) (test) and other 23 sockets received gelatin sponge only (control). Horizontal and vertical dimension of alveolar ridge were measured at baseline and 6-weeks and wound healing was assessed at 1, 3 and 6-weeks postoperatively.Results: The findings indicated that the intervention significantly reduced both buccal and palatal ridge loss compared to the control group (p=0.01). As for the healing index, the test group had a mean healing index of 4.15, which was higher than the control group\u27s 3.05 (p = 0.01). These results indicate that the intervention led to superior tissue healing throughout the study period.
Conclusion: The horizontal and vertical bone loss was less in the test group than in the control group. It also significantly improved soft tissue healing after tooth extraction at 1, 3 and 6-weeks postoperatively
A Double-blind Randomised Clinical Trial Comparing the Acceptability of Two Commercially Available Pediatric Toothpastes in Children Aged 3-6
Get PDFAim:
To compare the acceptability of two commercially available pediatric toothpastes based on taste, colour preference, parental satisfaction with oral care outcomes, likelihood of continued use, and overall satisfaction in children aged 3–6.
Methods:
This double-blind, randomised clinical trial was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI) under registration number CTRI/2024/10/075062. 60 children aged 3–6, visiting the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Green apple-flavoured toothpaste) and Group B (Strawberry mint-flavoured toothpaste). Data were collected using structured questionnaires administered to both parents and children. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21, with a significance level set at 5%.
Results:
A significantly higher percentage of children in Group A rated their toothpaste as more acceptable in taste (90%) compared to Group B (66.7%) (p = 0.041), indicating a greater preference for toothpaste among children in Group A. There was no significant difference in colour preference between the two groups (p = 0.448). Parental satisfaction was also higher in Group A, with 73.3% of parents being "very satisfied" compared to 50% in Group B (p = 0.048). Additionally, 53.3% of parents in Group A reported being "very likely" to continue using their toothpaste, compared to 23.3% in Group B (p = 0.042). Overall satisfaction was significantly higher in Group A compared to Group B (p = 0.034).
Conclusion:
The green apple-flavoured toothpaste was more favourably accepted than the strawberry mint-flavoured toothpaste in terms of taste, parental satisfaction, and likelihood of continued use. These findings highlight the significance of sensory and parental factors in selecting pediatric toothpaste, promoting adherence to oral hygiene practices and thereby enhancing oral health outcomes in children
Integrated FTIR and DFT Study of the Molecular Structure and Reactivity of 3- Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS)
No full textIntegrated FTIR and DFT Study of the Molecular Structure and Reactivity of 3- Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS
Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Mecitentan via Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System: Pharmacokinetic Assessment in Animal Model
Get PDFBackground:
The modern treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension is focused on such a drug as Mecitentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist. The low water solubility coupled with a strong first-pass hepatic clearance of this compound leads to poor orally bioavailability, which limits usefulness as treatment. The elimination of these limitations is necessary to obtain fair systematic drug exposure and maximise clinical efficacy.
Objective:
This study was aimed at determining the pharmacokinetic effectiveness of Mecitentan administered through self- micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDs) and comparing the observation with that of a plain drug in preclinical animal model.
Method:
In male Wistar rats, oral administration of Mecitentan-loaded SMEDDS (10 mg/kg), time to maximum concentration, maximal concentration, area under the curve, and extent of distribution of the drug were observed and compared to those observed upon administration of plain Mecitentan. Blood samples were taken in pre-determined intervals during the span of 24 h and level of plasma in Mecitentan was quantified through a validated HPLC method. The non-compartmental analysis performed in Phoenix WinNonlin 81 determined the pharmacokinetic parameters namely Cmax, Tmax, AUC0→t, AUC0→∞, t 1/2, and MRT.
Results:
Comparative estimates of SMEDDs and a conventional suspension indicated that SMEDDs provided a significant increase in oral bioavailability. In particular, SMEDDs did yield a 38 % increased Cmax (721.43 vs. 523.43 ng /ml) and a 308 % greater AUC0→∞ ( 11841.99 vs. 2902.95 ng·h /ml) (p < 0.001). At the same time, there was an increased elimination half-life of SMEDDs (1.99-6.44 h), and Tmax was accelerated, which testifies to faster absorption.
Conclusion:
SMEDDS formulation improved Mecitentan\u27s pharmacokinetics, improving absorption and systemic exposure. These nonclinical studies demonstrate that SMEDDS can overcome solubility-related biopharmaceutical limitations and improve Mecitentan\u27s therapeutical profile for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/jchr.v15.i4.905
Pyridine-Derived Chelates: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial screening and their Potential as Anti- H. Pylori, Antibreast Cancer and Anti-COVID-19 Agents
No full textThe metal complexes of a novel pyridine-derived Schiff base ligand. 2-((pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)phenol (HL) was investigated. The resultant complexes were identified by elemental analysis, molar conductivity and spectral techniques. Thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) examination further confirmed the presence of water molecules in all studied complexes.Chemical properties of the compounds, such as chemical hardness, dipole moments and HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, were studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The computation indicated that the preferred geometry of the complexes was a distorted octahedral structure.
Biological activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated. They possessed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against a selection of bacteria, yeasts and fungi tested, with the Zn(II) complex as the most effective. The complexes also stopped MCF-7 cells (breast carcinoma) from growing into cancer. Their anticancer activity was strongest. In addition, the test shows that these compounds\u27 toxicity toward normal VERO cells is lower than cisplatin. Molecular docking based on DFT was used to study how the compounds interact with several protein receptors splice on their C-terminal tail, with particular attention paid to their inhibitability by H. Pylori, Tumor, and COVID-19
Prevalence of Hypertension and Compliance to Treatment Among the Geriatric Population in Barpeta Town
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is a leading public health concern among the elderly, contributing significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite increasing awareness, treatment compliance remains a challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and evaluate treatment compliance among the geriatric population in Barpeta town, Assam. The study also aimed to identify socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with hypertension and its management.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted over two months (October–December) among 270 individuals aged ≥60 years in nine municipal wards of Barpeta town. Data were collected through a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, and blood pressure was measured using a standard protocol. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to assess associations between variables.
Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 48.5%. Among the 131 hypertensive individuals, 92.4% were aware of their condition, but 34.3% were non-compliant with antihypertensive treatment. Significant associations were observed between hypertension and smoking (p=0.0001), alcohol use (p=0.0013), and co-morbidities (p=0.0001). Economic dependence was significantly associated with poor treatment compliance (p=0.0229), while co-morbidities showed no significant influence on compliance.
Conclusion: Although awareness of hypertension was high among the elderly in Barpeta town, treatment compliance remains inadequate, especially among economically dependent individuals. There is a need for targeted public health strategies focusing on financial support, regular monitoring, and lifestyle interventions to improve hypertension management in geriatric populations
An Observational Study to Assess the Prevalence of Oral Mucositis and its Management among Patients Receiving Chemotherapy in Selected Hospital, India
Get PDFIntroduction: Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide and a healthy cell does not turn into a cancer cell overnight. Cancer cells exhibit dysplasia, hyperplasia, metaplasia, and pleomorphism. An observational study was conducted to assess the prevalence of oral mucositis and its management among patients receiving chemotherapy in selected hospitals, India
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of oral mucositis, to identify the management strategies of oral mucositis and to find the association between the prevalence of oral mucositis with selected demographic variables.
Methods: A total of 500 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were selected by using the Non-Probability Purposive Sampling technique. The tools used for data collection had four (4) sections of demographic variables of the cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, clinical profile of the cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, management strategies of oral mucositis and WHO Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale.
Results: The findings showed that the prevalence of oral mucositis was seen more in Grade 1 (29.6%) of Oral Mucositis in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, with no samples suffering from Grade 4 (0%) of Oral Mucositis. The management strategies were identified that majority of the patients were using Chlohexidine Mouthwash (40%) and there were some participants who were using home remedies like honey (10%) for the oral mucositis, some samples not using any remedies (26%) for oral mucositis.
Conclusions: There was also a significant association between the prevalence of oral mucositis with selected demographic variable except the education of the participant which was not significant. The study concluded that the prevalence of oral mucositis and its management varies from individual to individual
A Comparative Analysis of Scheuer Scoring System and Ishak Modified Histological Activity Index in Assessing Inflammation and Fibrosis from Liver Biopsies of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Chronic hepatitis is characterized by any biochemical, serological or clinical evidence of persistent or recurring liver disease lasting over six months. Histological evaluation through liver biopsy remains essential for grading and staging of the disease. Among the established scoring systems, the Ishak modified histological activity index (HAI) and the Scheuer system are widely used; yet, comparative data on their concordance remain limited.
Objectives: To determine the utility of the Ishak modified HAI system in comparison to the Scheuer system in determining the grade and stage in liver biopsies of patients with chronic hepatitis
Methods: A total of 31 liver biopsies were included in the study. Each biopsy was independently scored using the Ishak Modified HAI and Scheuer system. Inter-system agreement was measured using Cohen’s kappa. Clinical and biochemical data, including transaminase levels, were also evaluated.
Results: There were 19 females and 12 males. Their mean age was 44.5. Cohen’s kappa indicated a slight agreement for necro-inflammatory activity i.e grading (0.08) and moderate agreement for fibrosis i.e staging (0.2). The Ishak system offered more detailed stratification, particularly in intermediate stages.
Conclusions: The study concluded that both the systems are nearly equally effective for grading and staging. The level of agreement was more in terms of staging compared to grading. Ishak graded lower than Scheuer in most of the cases, while staging was seen to be higher than the Scheuer system
Comparative Evaluation of Impact Strength of Two Denture Base Resins Under Two Processing Techniques by Incorporating Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles In 1.5 W/W% And 3.5 W/W% – An in Vitro Study
Get PDFINTRODUCTION- Conventional heat cure acrylic resin has a chain of PMMA where as in high impact denture base resins, the PMMA in the polymer are substituted with a copolymer with styrene or methyl methacrylate and are incorporated into the beads. TiO2 is one of the most preferred nanoparticles to be incorporated in the acrylic resin to enhance the modulus, strength and ductility of the resin.
4 OBJECTIVE- -The purpose of the study was to check the effective processing technique and optimum percentage of TiO2 to improve the impact strength of the acrylic resin when incorporated in different weights by percentage and three different processing techniques.
METHOD- 360 samples were prepared from heat cure resin and were divided into 12 groups. The samples for each group were tested for impact strength. Impact strength Test was conducted by the ISO 179 IZOD Type Impact Testing Machine.
RESULTS - The result of the study stated that -When compared with same processing technique that is in acrylizer but incorporated with 1.5w/w% and 3.5w/w% respectively, the impact strength was found higher in first group with 1.5w/w% incorporation.
CONCLUSION-There is a highly significant increase in the impact strength of heat polymerized PMMA denture base samples reinforced with 1.5 w/w% and 3.5 w/w % titanium dioxide nanoparticles processed in acrylizer, when compared with Heat polymerized PMMA denture base material processed in pressure pot