University Of Lampung Journal Publication
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Composition and Dose of Ameliorant Against C/N Ratio, Soil pH, Plant Phosphate Content on Potato Plants
Full text linkThis research aimed to study the addition of ameliorant material in the soil to increase fertility rates, especially for potato plants grown at the height of 750 m above sea level. The experiments were conducted on medium plains 750 m above sea level in the Jatinangor area, Indonesia, with land type Incepticol. The composition of ameliorant consists of Cattle manure, biochar from coconut shells, and dolomite. The seeds of the potatoes used are relatively good varietal when cultivated in a medium plain. The design of the environment used is the group’s random draft repeated three times, the treatment design consists of K0: control; K1: Cattle manure 10 Mg ha-1; K2: Cattle manure 20 Mg ha-1; K3: Cattle manure 8 Mg ha-1, dolomite 1 Mg ha-1, 1 Mg ha-1 biochar; K4: Cattle manure 16 Mg ha-1, dolomite 2 Mg ha-1, 2-Mg biochar ha-1, K5: Cattle manure 8 Mg ha-1, dolomite 2 Mg ha-1; K6: Cattle manure 16 Mg ha-1, dolomite 4 Mg ha-1; K7: Cattle manure 8 Mg ha-1, biochar 2 Mg ha-1; K8: Cattle manure 16 Mg ha-1, biochar 4 Mg ha-1. Results showed that the composition and dose of ameliorant could increase the value of soil pH but have not improved the C/N ratio and absorption of phosphorus plants. The best result was obtained from the composition treatment of 16 Mg ha-1 Cattle manure, 2 Mg ha-1 dolomite, and 2 Mg ha-1 biochar. Soil pH is capable of increased by 16.83%, and the size of the potato bulbs of Class L (450-550 mm) amounted to 35, 11%, size M (350-450 mm) by 25.89%, and size S (200-350 mm) amounting to 34.37% when compared with controls
Vermicompost Buffering Capacity to Reduce Acidification of Pb and Cd Contaminated Inceptisols and Entisols
Full text linkContamination of heavy metals on the soil leads to an increase in its acidity. Vermicompost application is commonly used to improve the properties of soil. The study was carried out to determine the reduction of the acidity in Pb and Cd contaminated soils under the application of vermicompost. Two laboratory experiments were set using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was soil samples, vis Inceptisols, and Entisols, and the second factor was the rates of vermicompost, consisted of 0, 5, 10, 15 g kg-1. The treatment combination was repeated three times. The soils were pretreated with 10 mg kg-1 Pb or Cd using Pb(NO3)2 and Cd(NO3)2. Three hundred kg soil sample was incorporated with vermicompost and placed in a 500 ml plastic bottle. The mixtures were incubated for eight weeks, and the moisture of the soil was maintained at field capacity. The acidity and soil temperature were monitored every week. The study indicated that Pb contaminated soil acidity increased to the sixth week of the incubation and decreased afterward. However, the acidity of Cd contaminated soil was consistently increased during the incubation. Treatment of vermicompost significantly lowered the acidity of both Pb and Cd contaminated soils. Contaminated Entisols had a higher response to the application of vermicompost than that of Inceptisols. This finding is significant in assessing acidity risk and possible management intervention for Pb and Cd contaminated soils
Effect Carrier Materials of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain PZS_A08 on Growth of Indigofera zollingeriana
Full text linkSustainable forage production is needed to meet animal feed needs as the livestock industry increases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of liquid and solid carrier material on the effectiveness and infectivity of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain PZS_A08 on the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana (I. zollingeriana). The two carrier materials used were zeolite (solid) and molasses (liquid). This study used two carrier materials consisting of zeolite (solid) and molasses (liquid). The five treatments given were P0 (50% NPK), P1 (50% NPK+liquid biofertilizer), P2 (50% NPK+sterile liquid biofertilizer), P3 (50% NPK+solid biofertilizer), P4 (50 % NPK+sterile solid biofertilizer), P5 (100% NPK). Observations were made on the plant's height, number of leaves, number of nodules, upperparts and root wet biomass, root and upper parts dry biomass, root length, and microbial population). The use of liquid and solid carrier materials effectively affected the effectiveness and infectivity of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain PZS_A08 on I. zollingeriana. Inoculants Bradyrhizobium sp. strain PZS_A08 significantly increased plants' growth and reduced the use of 50% NPK fertilizer. Cold storage temperature (5ºC) effectively maintained Bradyrhizobium sp. strain PZS_A08 on liquid and solid carriers, while solid carriers showed better effectiveness at room temperature storage (30oC). Through this research, solid carriers such as zeolite are recommended as carriers for Bradyrhizobium sp. filter PZS_A08
Change of Soil Biomass Carbon Microorganism in Ultisols Soil Due to Application of Humic Acid and TSP Fertilization
Full text linkSoil biomass carbon microorganism (C-mic) is one indicator of soil fertility. The application of humic acid, vermicompost aqueous extract, and TSP fertilization applied to the soil will affect the activity of soil microorganisms. This research aimed to study the effect of humic acid, vermicompost extract, and TSP fertilization on C-mic. The first factor was the application of humic acid (h), namely, without humic acid, commercial origin, and humic acid-like from watery extract vermicompost. The second factor is TSP fertilization (p) divided into four dose levels: without TSP fertilizer, TSP fertilizer 100 kg ha-1, TSP fertilizer 200 kg ha-1, and TSP fertilizer 300 kg ha-1. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% significance level. The correlation between C-organic, soil pH, soil temperature, soil moisture content, stalk dry weight, and weight of corn kernels with C-mic was tested by correlation test. The results showed that the application of humic acid and TSP fertilization had no significant effect on C-mic, and there was no interaction between the two at seven days after planting (DAP), 56 DAP, and 104 DAP. There was a correlation between soil organic carbon 7 DAP (r: 0.34*), 56 DAP (r: 0.59*), and 104 DAP (r: 0.53*), soil moisture content at 7 DAP (r: 0.36*), soil pH at 56 DAP (r: 0.42*) and 104 DAP (r: 0.43*), soil temperature at 104 DAP (r: -0.52*), stalk dry weight at 56 DAP (r: 0.34*), corn kernels weight at 113 DAP (r: 0.65*) with C-mic
Response Macronutrient Content of Saline-Resistant Paddy to the Saline Source Distance
Full text linkThe impact of salinity on paddy production in Indonesia was pronounced with an average decline of 6.83% (2015-2019). Salinity interferes with macronutrients' absorption into plants, causing stunted growth (salinity contributed to a 42% decrease in paddy production). One solution to solve the salinity problem in paddy is to use saline varieties. There were very few studies on macronutrient content analysis in resistant varieties response to the salinity source's distance. This research conducted in Jabon Sidoarjo, Indonesia, aims to see the macronutrient response and plant growth to the saline source's distance. This research was conducted in Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency, using two transects with a length of 2 km and 3.4 km, respectively. The distance between the research location and the salinity source was 10.65 km. The survey used a free grid to adjust paddy fields' location and the presence of resistant varieties. The results showed that the closer to the salinity source, the salinity indicators consisting of Electrical Conductivity, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, Exchangeable Sodium Percentage, and pH H2O would increase. The increase in salinity then affects the decrease in macronutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphor, and Kalium) in plants. However, tillers and leaves (length and number) were unaffected by high salinity levels in the soil
An Evaluation of MODIS Global Evapotranspiration Product as Satellite-Based Evapotranspiration Data for Supporting Precision Agriculture in West Papua - Indonesia
Full text linkPrecision Agriculture has been a significant issue since the middle of the 1980s. Evapotranspiration is one of the main parameters in precision agriculture to analyze real water needs in the agriculture area and managing water resources. Traditionally evapotranspiration estimates by directly measured methods, i.e., lysimeter, pan-evaporation, eddy covariance, Bowen ratio, soil water, and climate data analysis. These methods are expensive techniques with low spatial representativeness. The utilization of remote sensing technology is expected to be an alternative solution for providing evapotranspiration data with a cost-effective and high spatial representative. This research aims to evaluate the MODIS global evapotranspiration as satellite-based evapotranspiration in estimating evapotranspiration in West Papua. Four (4) statistical parameters, i.e., mean error (ME), root means square error (RMSE), relative bias (RB), and mean bias factor (MBF), are using for evaluation. The research showed that MODIS global evapotranspiration was overestimated in estimating evapotranspiration in West Papua. However, MODIS global evapotranspiration has an acceptable accuracy in estimating evapotranspiration in West Papua indicated by ME = 0.66 mm/day, RMSE = 0.94 mm/day, RB = 0.27, and MBF = 0.81. Therefore, MODIS global evapotranspiration can be used as an alternative solution for providing evapotranspiration data in West Papua with a cost-effective
Heavy Metal Contamination on Shallot Fields In Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta
Full text linkShallot cultivation usually uses very intensive agrochemicals that could affect the soil’s chemical properties and contaminate agricultural land by increasing the content of heavy metals. The use of agrochemicals is closely related to the behavior of farmers. The research aimed to study the heavy metal contamination and soil chemical properties in shallot fields and analyze the relationship between farmer behavior in using fertilizers and pesticides with a heavy metal concentration in agricultural land. The research was conducted in Srigading Village, Batul, Yogyakarta. Soil samples as many as 30 samples were taken from the shallot fields before harvest using a purposive sampling method and were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, Cr, and other soil chemical properties. Interviews were also conducted with landowners or farmers at the soil sampling location. Analysis of interview data was carried out by scoring each qualitative data into quantitative data through a questionnaire and testing the correlation between farmer behavior and heavy metal content. The results found that the shallot fields in the Srigading Village, Bantul contain heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, and Ni with concentrations below soil quality standard. The soil organic carbon content in shallot fields has a low value. Farmer behavior has a weak negative correlation with heavy metal content in the soil
The Phytoextraction of Copper from Tropical Soil 21 Years after Amendment with Heavy-Metal Containing Waste
Full text linkSeveral particular plants are suggested to extract significant parts of heavy metals from soils and accumulate them in their roots and shoots. This research aimed to study the phytoextraction of Cu by several plants from heavy-metal contaminated tropical soils. Soil samples collected from plots treated in 1998 with 0, 15 and 60 Mg industrial waste ha-1 were planted with three different plants, i.e., caisim, water spinach, and lettuce. Plant parts (roots and shoots) and soil samples were harvested after a four-week growth period and analyzed for plant and soil Cu. The results show that the growth of plants was depressed by the increase in the soil Cu (extracted by 1 N HNO3) as affected by waste levels, with water spinach being the most progressive and produced the most significant biomass. The absorption of Cu by caisim and water spinach increased with the soil extracted Cu (linear R2 = 0.71* for caisim and 0.32* for water spinach) and accumulated greater in plant roots than that in shoots. The translocation factor (TF << 1.00) indicates that all plants were good Cu phytostabilizators rather than phytoextractors, with water spinach being the best Cu extractor
Growth and Yield of Rice Planted in a Tidal Soil Under NPK in situ and Cow Manure Application
Full text linkThe specific location fertilization or in situ fertilization rate is a dynamic application and management method dynamically adapted to the plant’s need according to location and season related to soil chemical properties and aims to increase farmer profit. This greenhouse experiment aimed to evaluate the NPK fertilizer dose based on in situ soil chemistry of tidal swamp compared to NPK recommendation combined with cow manure from the local farm. These pot experiments were conducted from June to October 2019 in a Greenhouse of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra. This experiment used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was NPK fertilizer rate consisting of two levels (200 kg ha-1 Urea, 100 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 100 kg ha-1 KCl) from recommended fertilizer, and (102 kg ha-1 Urea, 0 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 66 kg ha-1 KCl) from the in situ soil analysis. The second factor was cow manure with four levels (2, 6, 8, and 10 Mg ha-1). The result showed that recommended NPK combined with 10 Mg ha-1 cow manure was the best for rice production in tidal lowland and produced 2.5 Mg ha-1. However, this result was not significant compared to NPK specific locations combined with the same rate of cow manure
Effect of the 32nd-year Soil Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Population and Biomass of Earthworm under Zea mays L.
Full text linkThe abundance and biomass of earthworms are affected by soil tillage and fertilization. This research aimed to study long-term 32nd-year soil tillage and nitrogen fertilization on the population and biomass of earthworms under Zea mays L. The research was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of two factors. The first factor was the soil tillage that was Intensive Tillage (IT), Minimum Tillage (MT), and No-Tillage (NT). The Second factor was nitrogen fertilization that was N0 = 0 kg N ha-1 and N1= 200 kg N ha-1. Data of earthworm population and biomass were tested using analysis of variance and continued with the least significant difference (LSD) test at the 95% significant level. The population and biomass of earthworms at MT or NT were higher than IT. The population and biomass of earthworms in the plots without fertilization were higher than those at 200 kg N ha-1. There was an interaction between the soil tillage and N fertilization on earthworm biomass observed 60 days after planting at a 0-10 cm depth. There was a positive correlation between soil pH and earthworm population and biomass before the tillage phase