University Of Lampung Journal Publication
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Impact of Super Absorbent Polymer and Polyacrylamide on Water Holding Capacity on Ultisol, Lampung
Full text linkMethods of soil and water conservation in tropical wetlands have been carried out is using chemicals to increase the stability of soil aggregates and water-holding capacity. The experiment aims to improve soil stability using Polyacrylamide (PAM) and Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) materials. Experiment was carried out in R&D Dept. PT. Great Giant Pineapple (PT. GGP), Lampung. The treatment was to mix ingredients into the water with variations the ratio of ingredients (g): water (ml), among others, 1:100, 1:200, 1:300, and 1:400. Next, the SAP/PAM material is mixed into 100 g of soil with a dose of 0 g, 4 g, 8.5 g and 10 g of SAP. After the soil was mixed with the SAP, take as much as 15 g and place it in a pot containing 1 kg of soil. Results experiment show the SAP is a polymer capable of increasing water availability in ultisols and sand used in the experiment and can increase the water content by 18% if compared control. Meanwhile, PAM is a more dominant polymer in its function as an aggregate adhesive instead of a water binder. Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) and Polyacrylamide (PAM) can chemically function as chemicals for soil conservation
Rice Quality and Yield at Various Application Times of Organic Rice Management System
Full text linkThe higher national rice demand encourages various efforts to increase rice production. This increase in rice production occurs in line with increasing public awareness of healthy foods, especially organic rice. Rice field management with an organic system is expected to provide a higher yield and quality of rice. This study aims to determine the effect of the long-time application of an organic rice management system on rice yield and quality. Descriptive exploratory research is supported by laboratory analysis of samples of organic rice plants with three periods (10 years, 7 years, and 4 years), semi-organic and conventional. The parameters observed were dry harvested grain, dry milled grain, the weight of 1000 grains, unfilled grain, protein content, amylum, amylopectin, and reducing sugar. The most prolonged organic rice field management with the application of 10 years gives better results with a protein content of 6.14%, amylum 71.71%, and amylopectin 49.35%. While the application of organic farming for 7 years gives the highest rice yield, the difference is not confirmed with the application of organic 10 years, with the weight of dry grain harvest 10.44 Mg ha-1, dry milled grain 8.15 10.44 Mg ha-1, the weight of 1000 grains 24 g, and unfilled grain 3.8%
Role of Rice Husk Biochar in Improving Soil Physical Properties of ex Gold-Mined Soil
Full text linkMining causes destructive soil properties, especially soil texture, water retention, and transmission. Applying biochar is the best way to improve soil physical properties. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of biochar on soil physical properties based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replicates. The research comprised six treatments (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 t biochar ha-1). The results showed that the ex-gold-mined soil had coarse soil texture (sandy loam), high Bulk Density (BD) (1.43 g cm-3), low Total Soil Pores (TSP) (46.45%), low soil organic matter (SOM) content (1.27 %), very fast hydraulic conductivity (198.8 cm h-1). After biochar incubation, SOM increased (to 3.11%), soil BD decreased (to 1.16 g cm-3), TSP increased (to 54.17 %), water retention increased (at pF 1.0, 2.0, 2.54, and 4.2), plant available water (PAW) increased (into 8.33 %), and hydraulic conductivity decreased (into 24.70 cm h-1). However, applying 20 t biochar ha-1 still needs to bring the soil physical properties of the ex-gold-mined soil back into suitable soil for farming land
Impact of Land Use on Soil Water Retention in Inceptisols of the Upper Konto Watershed
Full text linkThe Upper Konto Watershed in Malang Regency is an area with various types of land use that have the potential to influence soil physical properties and soil water retention. Soil water retention is the ability of soil to absorb and retain water, which is closely related to the availability of water that plants can utilize. One of the soil types that dominate this region is inceptisol, which can face constraints in water retention, mainly when land use changes or inappropriate management practices occur. This study aims to analyze the impact of different types of land use on soil water retention characteristics in the Inceptisols of the Upper Konto watershed. The research method was conducted through field surveys and laboratory analysis. A survey was conducted on 16 Land Map Units (LMUs) derived from the overlay of land use, soil type, and slope maps. A total of 64 soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis. The observed variables included soil texture, bulk density, particle density, soil porosity, soil aggregate stability, soil organic matter, and soil water retention at pF 0, 2.5, and 4.2. The results revealed that land use types have a significant influence on soil physical properties as well as water retention characteristics. Specifically, it was found that forest land with the Udic Eutrandepts soil type had the highest water retention capability (0.39 cm3 cm-3). In comparison, dry farmland with the same soil type had the lowest water retention capability (0.06 cm3 cm-3). These findings illustrate the stark differences in the ability of soils to retain water between different land use types
Selective abiotic and biotic stressors influence the acdS gene abundance in the rhizospheric soil of pineapple plants in Lampung, Indonesia
Full text linkIndonesia has faced extensive poor soil quality and health for years.Anthropogenic, climatic, and plant pathogenic activities are the major contributing factors that degrade the soil's essential life-supporting system, such as the functional gene pool. One such gene is the rhizobacterial acdS, which codes for synthesizing the ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase that cleaves ACC as an ethylene hormone precursor in the stressed plant growing under stressful conditions. This study aims to investigate the abundance of the acdS gene in different abiotic and biotic stressors of the rhizospheric soil of pineapple plantation area that has been exposed incidentally to herbicides, flooding, and pathogenic Phytophthora spp infections. Soil samples were collected by using simple randomized sampling. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based method was applied to assess the gene abundance. This study reveals that the abundance of acdS in the rhizospheric soil of herbicide-treated and Phytophthora-infected symptomatic plants is relatively lower than that of non-treated ones. The highest abundance was found in the Phytophthora-infected soil of asymptomatic plants. However, there was no significant difference in abundance between the fflooded rhizospheric soil TO rhizospheric soil of flooded-exposed plants and the non-exposed ones. Hopefully, this data will help us better understand proper land-use management practices for pineapple plants
Characteristics of Soil Chemical Properties Associated with Inceptisols in Various Land Use in Jasinga, Bogor
Full text linkInceptisols are soils with low to moderate fertility and have not experienced further development. This study aims to characterize the chemical properties of inclusions and base exchange fractionation of P of soil on Inceptisol soil map units of forest land, dry land, and paddy fields in Jasinga. Soil samples were taken at three horizons (Ao or Ap, AB/B1, and B/Bt) on forest soil profiles and dry land, while on paddy fields, they were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm from the surface land. The chemical properties of the soil analyzed were soil pH, C-organic, soil bases, P-total, CEC, base saturation, and P fractionation. The results showed that the chemical properties of inclusions in the Inceptisol Jasinga soil map unit included high CEC and BS and low Mn-dd. The dominant soil inclusions are in paddy fields, followed by forests, and the lowest is in dry land. The chemical properties findings did not significantly differentiate the available inorganic P, Al-P, (Fe, Mn)-P, and (Ca, Mg)-P fractions. The inclusion of chemical characteristics did not result in a reversal of the correlation with the inorganic P fraction
Assessment of Land Characteristics and Suitability for Citrus Development in Dry Land Punung, Pacitan Regency
Full text linkOne of the Indonesian provinces where the agricultural industry drives the economy is Punung, Pacitan, which has local conditions that are particularly suitable for producing citrus, giving this product the potential to continue to expand in popularity. Land evaluation tries to provide information on its potential for a particular purpose. This research was conducted to know land suitability classes, limiting factors, and improvement efforts that can be made. This research is exploratory descriptive with a variable approach through field survey and using a purposive random sampling method based on Land Mapping Units. Data analysis was carried out using the matching method between land characteristics and conditions for growing citrus, a statistical test by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to find the factors that most determine land characteristics in Punung. The study results show that the actual land suitability class in Punung is marginally suitable. Improvements that can be made to increase the availability of nutrients in the soil in the form of available P2O5 with a low level of management is to apply P fertilization according to the needs of citrus. ANOVA results proved that the variety of soil types significantly influences some of the land characteristics
Study of Soil Chemical Properties on Palm Oil Productivity in PT. Gemilang Sejahtera Abadi in East Kalimantan
Full text linkEast Kalimantan is a region that contributes to palm oil production. Industrial development in the area still needs to be improved in some plantations because there is a limiting palm oil productivity. This study examined the chemical properties of the soil on the PT. Gemilang Sejahtera Abadi (GSA) plantation. Observations were made in four fields with the same variety but different productivity levels. Correlation analysis and simple linear regression were used to identify factors influencing productivity. The soil on the plantation land was dominated by Typic Hapludults soil type, included in the Ultisols order. The highest productivity was found in Afdeling 1, 2, and 5, while the lowest was in Afdeling 4. The pH in each afdeling was classified as acidic, and the Organic-C, N, and base saturation contents were low. The CEC in afdeling 1 and 2 was classified as medium, while in afdelings 4 and 5 was low. All correlation analyses showed a positive relationship between the variables and palm oil productivity, with low correlation coefficients for pH, organic-C, N, P, and base saturation. The correlation coefficient between CEC and palm oil productivity has a strong relationship
Soil Characteristics and Management of Ultisols Derived from Claystones of Sumatra
Full text linkUltisols are one of the soil types that develop from claystone parent materials and are widely distributed in Indonesia, making them suitable for agricultural land use. Naturally, Ultisols have low soil fertility, such as acidic soil reactions and low base content; without proper management, they can lead to suboptimal agricultural yields. Therefore, this study aims to determine the physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of Ultisols to formulate appropriate land management practices. Soil samples were collected from Ultisols with claystone parent materials from various regions in Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil profile creation was conducted to observe soil morphology in the field, followed by physical, chemical, and mineralogical analysis in the laboratory. The results showed that the Ultisols studied have a deep solum (90-120 cm), clay texture, and sticky and plastic consistencies. These soils generally have an acidic reaction, low organic C content, low potential P and K contents, low cation exchange capacity, low base saturation, and high Al saturation. The contents of easily weathered minerals, such as orthoclase, biotite, augite, hypersthene, tourmaline, and andalusite, which are essential nutrient reserves, are also generally low. Thus, the Ultisols studied are classified as low fertility soils, requiring specific management practices such as adding lime, organic materials, and soil amendments in a balanced and appropriate manner to achieve optimal yields
Impact of Reforestation After Forest Fire on Infiltration and Other Soil Physical Properties
Full text linkForest fires have become a vital issue causing various hydro-meteorological disasters. Many parties have carried out efforts. This study aimed to analyze the impact of land covers due to reforestation on infiltration rate and other soil physical properties related to hydrological conditions. The research was conducted in the Cempaka Forest area. There are four observed land covers, i.e., Timber Forest Products (TFP), Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP), Pine, and Shrub. The results showed that land cover significantly affected the infiltration rate (p <0.05). The infiltration rate of Pine was not significantly different from NTFP but significantly different from TFP and Shrubs. The infiltration rate of Pine, NTFP, TFP, and Shrub land cover was 76.2 cm hr-1, 48.1 cm hr-1, 32.7 cm.hr-1, and 40.0 cm hr-1, respectively. The infiltration correlated with soil bulk density at two depths (0-15 cm and 16-30 cm) with r values of 0.614 and 0.595, respectively. Infiltration rate also significantly correlated with water content at pF 0 and pF 2.5 in the second soil depth. Additionally, soil bulk density is correlated with soil particle density with r = 0.621. Soil particle density also correlated with clay content with r equal to 0.726