United Arab Emirates University
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BLOCKCHAIN IN SMART CITIES
No full textThis thesis explores the integration of blockchain technology with smart cities to enhance efficiency, transparency, and reliability. The basic principles of blockchain, its layered architecture, consensus protocols, and decentralized security are first reviewed. The thesis then highlights how blockchain features can be integrated with urban and energy systems. The research focuses on how token economy can be used with smart cities to promote individuals to engage in desired behaviors by employing blockchain-based incentive mechanisms that can encourage responsible energy consumption.The FairChain test system was developed and tested using blockchain technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) to demonstrate the functionality of decentralized verification and automated rewards. FairChain uses IoT sensors to monitor user behavior, such as reductions in energy consumption, and transmits that data to the blockchain. Subsequently, smart contracts allocate FairChain Credits (FCR) as digital incentives, omitting the central authority. The local Hardhat Ethereum network was utilized for energy tariff models (AADC/DEWA). The results demonstrated that the transaction finality was in a matter of seconds, while maintaining a throughput of 1-2 transactions per second. The gas deployment costs were limited to 118 AED and 10 AED for routine transactions.The results show that blockchain can make energy management systems more reliable and transparent, which can encourage individuals to behave in a more sustainable way. The paper explores reinforcement theory, blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and power systems. It also shows how token economies based incentives can help make smart cities more efficient and allow for energy saving
التجنُّس عن طريق الاستثمار دراسة مقارنة طبقاً للمرسوم بقانون إماراتي رقم (3) لسنة 2020 والتشريعين المصري والأردني
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This study deals with nationality by investment in accordance with the Decree by Federal Law No. (3) of 2020, which amends certain provisions of Federal Law No. 17 of 1972 regarding nationality and passports in the UAE, particularly through Article (9) bis. Since naturalization is one of the directions for obtaining citizenship, the above-mentioned article dealt with the permission to grant citizenship to certain categories which includes, investors, entrepreneurs, specialized professionals and talented people in accordance with the terms and conditions set by the executive regulations of this law, our study focuses exclusively on the investor category for whom the legislator has granted the possibility of naturalization without requiring them to give up their original nationality. This provision, enables investors to have multiple nationalities, though the general rule in the UAE law prohibits the dual nationality after birth. Additionally, it is a possibility for the members of the investor\u27s family, including spouses and minor children, to be granted the UAE nationality.
Due to the novelty of this method of nationalization, which has not been studied and researched, we had to rely on our opinion in explaining, analyzing, and comparing the relevant provisions in the UAE law with other Arab legislations that dealt with this issue, such as the Jordanian and Egyptian legislation.
The study reached many findings, of which the most important are: For the first time the UAE legislator has permitted multiple nationalities as a result of naturalization through investment. The study also suggested several recommendations, including work towards the reduction of dual nationality cases that occur when the Emirati citizen, who has obtained citizenship through investment, acquires the citizenship of a foreign country without the consequence of the Emirati citizenship withdrawal.
ملخص البحث
تتناول هذه الدراسة التجنُّس عن طريق الاستثمار طبقًا للمرسوم بقانون اتحادي رقم (3) لسنة 2020 بتعديل بعض أحكام القانون الاتحادي رقم (17) لسنة 1972 في شأن الجنسيَّة وجوازات السفر بدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، من خلال المادة (9) مكررًا. ولأنّ التجنُّس من الموجِّهات للحصول على الجنسيَّة، تناولت المادة سالفة الذكر جواز منح الجنسيَّة عن طريق التجنُّس لفئات محدَّدة تضمَّنت المستثمرين، وروّاد الأعمال، وأصحاب المهن المتخصّصة، وأصحاب المواهب، وفقًا للضوابط والشروط التي تحددها اللائحة التنفيذية لهذا القانون. ويقتصر بحثنا على فئة المستثمرين الذين منحهم المُشرِّع إمكانية التجنُّس دون اشتراط تَخلِّيهم عن جنسيتهم الأصلية، ممّا يعني السماح لهم بتعدُّد الجنسيَّة. وتعدُّ هذه مبادرةً استثنائيةً وخروجًا على القاعدة العامة في القانون الإماراتي، وهي حظر تعدُّد الجنسيَّة لا سيّما اللاحق للميلاد. وإلى جانب ذلك، فيها جواز منح الجنسيَّة لأفراد أُسرة المستثمر التي تضمّ الزوجة والأولاد القُصَّر.
ونظرًا لحداثة هذه الطريقة من طُرق التجنُّس التي لم يتم تناولها بالدراسة والبحث، كان لا بدّ لنا أن نعتمد على رأينا الشخصي عند شرح النصوص المتعلقة بهذه الطريقة وتحليلها ومقارنتها مع تشريعات عربية أخرى عالجت هذا الموضوع مثل التشريعين الأردني والمصري.
وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج، كان من أهمها: سماح المُشرِّع الإماراتي -ولأول مرة- بتعدُّد الجنسيَّة نتيجةً للتجنُّس عن طريق الاستثمار. وخرجت الدراسة بالعديد من التوصيات منها: العمل على تقليل حالات حدوث ازدواج الجنسيَّة الذي ينشأ في إطار الجنسيات المكتسبة
The Effect of a Teaching Strategy Based on Combining the 4MAT and Suchman Models in Developing Reflective Thinking and Cognitive Flexibility among Female Students of the Early Childhood Department at Taif University
Get PDFThe study aimed to identify the effect of a teaching strategy based on combining the 4MAT and Suchman models in developing reflective thinking and cognitive flexibility among students of the Early Childhood Department at Taif University. The researcher used the semi-experimental approach based on the experimental design of one group with pre-post measurement. The study\u27s sample consisted of 50 students intentionally chosen from the Early Childhood Department at Taif University. To achieve the study\u27s objectives, the reflective thinking scale of Kember and his colleagues, and the cognitive flexibility scale of Dennis and his colleagues were used after confirming its validity and reliability. The results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences at the level of 0.05 in each of the two dimensions of contemplation and critical reflection from the dimensions of reflective thinking, and there are no statistically significant differences in each of the dimensions of familiar performance and comprehension, and the results of the study revealed that there are statistically significant differences a 0.05 in each of the two dimensions of flexibility The study concluded that there is a statistically significant direct correlation relationship at the level of significance a 0.05 between the variables of reflective thinking and cognitive flexibility. In light of the study\u27s findings, the researcher presented several recommendations. The most significant of these include encouraging educators and faculty members to adopt teaching strategies that foster the development of reflective thinking and cognitive flexibility. Additionally, the researcher recommended that professional development programs for university faculty and general education training initiatives integrate strategies designed to cultivate learners who are capable of reflective thinking and adaptable problem-solving. Such programs should aim to prepare students to shift their thinking and approach challenges from multiple perspectives, ultimately leading to optimal solutions. The researcher also suggested conducting further studies to explore these themes in greater depth.
Keywords: 4MAT Model, Suchman Model, Reflective Thinking, Cognitive Flexibility, Mathematical concept
Methodological Quality of Grounded Theory in Mathematics Education Researches: A Systematic Review
Get PDFThis study aimed to provide a systematic review by evaluating the accuracy and quality of mathematics education research that employed the grounded theory methodology. A systematic search was conducted in the databases (EBSCO), (SAGE Journals), (Google Scholar), (Springer), and (Eric) to identify studies in the field of mathematics education that mentioned the use of grounded theory methodology and/or methods in the title, abstract, or methodology. The descriptive characteristics and methodological quality of eligible studies were examined using evaluation guidelines developed by (Hutchison et al., 2011). The review included eighteen research papers conducted between 2010 and 2023. The results showed that the grounded theory methodology is increasingly being used by researchers. Five studies (33%) provided a good understanding and appropriate application of grounded theory methodology through their adherence to the six principles. The rates of application of the principles of grounded theory were variable, although most studies did not adhere to the principles of grounded theory and its capabilities were not exploited well, such as memos, theoretical sampling, use of charts and tables, theoretical saturation, and integration of theory with the literature, which was reflected in the opportunities for theoretical innovation.
Keywords: grounded theory, methodological quality of grounded theory, mathematics education research
CONTROL SYSTEM PROPERTIES OF DISCRETE-TIME LINEAR SWITCHED SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATION TO EPIDEMIC MODELS
Get PDFThis thesis studies discrete-time linear switched systems and their application to epidemic models. It focuses on three key properties: stability, controllability, and stabilizability. Stability ensures systems return to equilibrium, controllability examines reaching desired states, and stabilizability determines if unstable systems can be controlled. Using mathematical tools and examples, the research shows how switching between disease transmission modes, like quarantine or vaccination, can help control outbreaks. The work highlights the importance of discrete-time models in epidemiology, as real-world data is often collected at discrete intervals, and provides a foundation for future research on more complex epidemic models
ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR SOLVING SYSTEMS OF FRACTIONAL INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS USING THE MODIFIED ATANGANA-BALEANU DERIVATIVE
Get PDFThis thesis presents an analytical method to solve systems of fractional initial value problems using the Modified Atangana-Baleanu Fractional Derivative. The proposed approach leverages an improved operational matrix method, incorporating an iterative, direct computation technique to simplify the solution process and reduce computational costs. Foundational concepts in fractional calculus and block pulse functions are introduced, followed by the derivation of operational matrices tailored for fractional systems. Theoretical analysis establishes the existence and uniqueness of solutions, along with uniform convergence and error estimates. Practical examples and applications are presented that demonstrate the efficiency, accuracy, and versatility of the method in solving complex fractional problems. Both theoretical findings and numerical results validate the robustness of the proposed method, showcasing its potential to address a wide range of fractional systems efficiently
ASSESSMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL & BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN TOMATO PLANTS TREATED WITH PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) UNDER SALINITY STRESS CONDITIONS
Get PDFPlant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) can effectively mitigate the negative impacts of salt stress on plants. The present study reports the isolation of PGPRs from a high-saline mangrove ecosystem in Abu Dhabi, with isolates exhibiting ACC deaminase (ACCD) activity to reduce stress-induced ethylene, along with additional plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics, including phosphate solubilization (P+). A total of 57 salt-tolerant bacterial isolates from the mangrove rhizosphere were initially screened for ACCD and P+ activities. Of these, 24 isolates tested positive for PGP characteristics and were further evaluated for their ability to enhance salt stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. In addition, seedlings inoculated with 9 selected isolates demonstrated improved growth compared to non-inoculated controls on agar plates containing 75 mM NaCl. Following additional screening, four isolates (B1–B4) were chosen for greenhouse experiments. Under greenhouse conditions, Bacillus subtilis (B1) and Bacillus siamensis (B3) were found to be more significant to alleviating salt stress-induced damage and enhancing salt tolerance in tomato plants, followed by Bacillus velezensis (B2), which showed a moderate effect. In contrast, Priestia filamentosa (B4) demonstrated the least impact of them all. Inoculation with B1 and B3 significantly increased shoot length, shoot dry weight (DW), shoot fresh weight (FW), root DW, root FW, and flower count per plant under saline conditions. In comparison, B2 exhibited a moderate effect, while B4 showed the least impact. Additionally, chlorophyll-a fluorescence studies showed that plants inoculated with B1 and B3 had the highest photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, followed by B2, while B4-treated plants showed the lowest efficiency under NaCl-induced salinity stress. Moreover, the leaf spectral reflectance indices of tomato plants inoculated with B1 and B3 were the highest, followed by moderate increases in B2-treated plants, while the lowest values were observed in plants treated with B4 and the uninoculated controls. The variation in salt tolerance among tomato plants treated with isolates B1–B4 was correlated quantitatively and qualitatively with the plant growth-promoting characteristics of the isolates, particularly their ACCD activity and IAA production. Overall, the findings suggest that isolates B1 and B3 hold the potential as biofertilizers to improve tomato production under saline conditions
DESIGN OF REAL-FLIGHT-PATH TRACKING CONTROL OF QUADROTOR
Get PDFThis thesis presents the design and development of an advanced real-time flight path tracking control system for a quadrotor, specifically aimed at accurately following a moving ground object such as a rover. The primary focus is on addressing challenges associated with precise tracking in dynamic and unpredictable environments, including real-time communication between the drone and the rover, rapid response to environmental changes, and maintaining control of the quadrotor’s altitude, yaw, pitch, and roll.To achieve these objectives, the study explores the application of mathematical models based on ordinary differential equations, incorporating delay elements to simulate the real-time behaviour of the system. The control framework integrates Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control techniques along with machine learning algorithms to optimize the quadrotor’s performance in adjusting its flight path dynamically. The system is tested through experimental setups where the quadrotor tracks a rover in real-time, continuously receiving positional data and responding to changes in the rover’s speed and direction with minimal latency. The results demonstrate significant improvements in tracking accuracy, altitude stability, and attitude control, with the quadrotor maintaining close alignment with the rover\u27s movements even under varying environmental conditions. The experimental outcomes emphasize the critical role of robust communication between the quadrotor and the rover, as well as the importance of adaptive control mechanisms to ensure reliable performance in environments featuring obstacles, uneven terrain, or weather fluctuations. This research contributes to the broader field of (UAV) control systems by providing a comprehensive solution that enhances tracking accuracy through the integration of real-time data processing, adaptive control strategies, and obstacle detection. The findings have practical implications for a wide range of applications, including autonomous navigation, search and rescue operations, surveillance, and infrastructure inspection, where precise and reliable tracking of moving objects is essential
PREPARATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GYPSUM-LEVAN COMPOSITES AND EVALUATION OF THEIR PRELIMINARY IN VITRO AND ANTIBACTERIAL CHARACTERISTICS
Get PDFOrthopedic surgery has to contend with a myriad of issues with bones, injuries such as fractures as well as chronic ailments, like osteoporosis. There is a widespread understanding and execution of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement and calcium phosphate cements (CPCs), however their drawbacks like being non-biodegradable, generating heat, low bioactivity, and other issues reserve the development of better substitutes This study intends to develop and incorporate microbial levan squaring as a β-2,6-linked fructan polysaccharide into gypsum-based formulations of bone cements to make them biodegradable, bioactive and amplify their mechanical properties. The research aims to address the performance drawbacks of traditional gypsum cements which include high brittleness and quick degradation making them unsuitable for load bearing uses. For these goals, levan was synthesized using MRS4-4B strain and incorporated into gypsum at different rates of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. The resulting levan-gypsum composites were assessed for mechanical properties along with degradation behavior in simulated body fluid (SBF) and antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method. The findings from these experiments suggest that incorporating levan into the bone cement composition can increase the mechanical strength of the cement while also improving the cement\u27s degradation profile. These results warrant further testing to support the hypothesis posing that levan increases the biological compatibility of gypsum, and in fact displays weak antimicrobial benefits from the perspective of bioactivity. This study contributes to the field by using microbial levan to modify gypsum-based bone cements for the first time. The composite overcomes current shortfalls as well as enhances infection control and osteoconductive activity. The study addresses a significant deficiency in existing bone cements by proposing a multifunctional, biodegradable bone cement intended for orthopedics and bone tissue engineering
The Impact of Utilizing AI-Enhanced Cognitive Trips on Academic Achievement and Attitude Improvement towards Mathematics among Secondary School Students
Get PDFThis research aims to investigate the effectiveness of utilizing AI-enhanced cognitive trips in enhancing academic achievement and improving attitudes towards mathematics among second-grade secondary school students in the Jeddah Education Administration, Saudi Arabia. The study employed an experimental methodology with a pre-test-post-test design, utilizing control and experimental groups and a qualitative research approach. The research sample comprised 60 students, divided into control and experimental groups, each consisting of 30 students. To achieve the study\u27s objectives, cognitive trips enhanced with AI tools were designed. An academic achievement test and a mathematics attitude scale were developed, alongside an interview questionnaire to identify difficulties in learning mathematics during the implementation of AI-enhanced cognitive trips. The findings of the research indicate a significant impact of AI-enhanced cognitive trips on enhancing academic achievement and improving attitudes towards mathematics. Based on these findings, it is recommended that mathematics teachers be trained in the utilization of cognitive trips and AI tools in teaching and learning mathematics. This includes training them in curriculum redesign and transformation into activities aligned with this strategy, as well as providing an appropriate, supportive, and encouraging educational environment for teachers to effectively implement this approach.
Keywords: Cognitive trips, Artificial intelligence, Academic achievement, Attitude towards mathematics