United Arab Emirates University
United Arab Emirates University: Scholarworks@UAEU / جامعة الاماراتNot a member yet
5830 research outputs found
Sort by
Attitudes of English Language Trainers at Technical Colleges in Saudi Arabia Towards Using Artificial Intelligence Applications in Teaching
No full textThe research aimed to identify the attitudes of English language trainers in Saudi technical colleges towards the use of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in teaching, considering certain variables. The sample included 140 male and female trainers. A descriptive approach was used, and an attitude scale of 43 items across five dimensions was developed and validated. Results showed that the dimensions of acceptance, interest, and curriculum compatibility with AI applications were rated as “strongly agree” with a very high degree. Meanwhile, the dimensions of evaluation of AI use in teaching and availability of AI tools, training, and support were rated as “agree” with a high degree. The study found no significant differences in attitudes based on gender. However, significant differences were found based on years of experience (in favor of more experienced trainers), academic qualification (favoring those with higher degrees), and participation in training courses on classroom technology (favoring those who had received such training).
Keywords: Attitudes, English language trainers, technical colleges, artificial intelligence application
Illusory Competence Inflation as a Mediating Variable in the Relationship Between Cognitive Dependence on Generative Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Identity Distortion Among Postgraduate Students in Saudi Universities (A Mixed-Methods Study)
No full textThe present study aimed to examine the relationship between cognitive dependence on generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and intellectual identity distortion among postgraduate students in Saudi universities, while testing the mediating role of illusory competence inflation. A mixed-methods design was employed. Three scales developed and psychometrically validated by the researcher were administered to a sample of 393 students. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 participants to explore their patterns of smart-tool use and self-perceptions. The qualitative data derived from these interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The findings indicated a low level of cognitive dependence on GenAI (M = 40.82, SD = 14.54, p \u3c .001), a moderate level of illusory competence inflation (M = 36.03, SD = 7.33, p = .93), and a low level of intellectual identity distortion (M = 24.52, SD = 8.90, p \u3c .001). Detailed results showed higher means for the dimensions of self-understanding (M = 9.52, SD = 2.01, p \u3c .001) and illusion of self-efficacy (M = 9.45, SD = 2.37, p \u3c .001), and a lower mean for uncritical reliance on AI (M = 8.17, SD = 3.08, p \u3c .001). Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed significant direct effects of cognitive dependence on illusory competence inflation (β = 0.90, p \u3c .001) and on intellectual identity distortion (β = 0.60, p \u3c .001), as well as a significant indirect effect through illusory competence inflation (β = 0.35, p = .04), confirming partial mediation. Findings were interpreted through Cognitive Load Theory, Self-Authorship Theory, and the I-PACE model. The study recommended developing structured training programs to rationalize cognitive dependence on generative AI and to mitigate illusory competence inflation and intellectual identity distortion.
Keywords: Generative Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Dependence, Illusory Competence Inflation, Intellectual Identity Distortion, Postgraduate Students, Structural Equation Modeling
Concurrent and Longitudinal Predictions of Math Anxiety, Science Anxiety, and Enrollment in Science and Art Tracks in Secondary Education
No full textThe worldwide need for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) expertise highlights the critical importance of examining education-related emotions that shape students’ educational pathways and career decisions. Using a sample of tenth-grade students from Qatari schools (N = 391) and a follow-up sample in eleventh grade (N = 350), after their enrollment in either the art or science track, the present study examined the concurrent and longitudinal predictions of math anxiety, science anxiety, and track enrollments in secondary education. The science track attracted a larger number of male students, whereas the art track drew a higher proportion of female students. Partially supporting the debilitating theory, later math and science anxieties were predicted by early math and science achievements (respectively). However, concurrent analyses provided stronger support for the reciprocal interaction theory. Specifically, math and biology achievements – but not chemistry or physics achievements – were predicted by math and science anxieties. In turn, these two forms of academic anxiety were themselves predicted by math and biology achievements, respectively. Moreover, students’ track enrollments were predicted by math anxiety (but not science anxiety) in both the tenth and eleventh grades. Accordingly, early identification and intervention for math anxiety may be essential for supporting academic achievement and, consequently, for promoting greater engagement and success in STEM domains.
Keywords: math anxiety, science anxiety, psycho-educational variables, art/science enrollment, secondary educatio
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND ROLE OF CAMEL MILK DERIVED BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES TOWARDS INSULIN AND GLP-1 RECEPTOR ACTIVATION
Full text linkCamel milk (CM), renowned for its exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties, has been a crucial resource in arid regions for centuries. Its notable antidiabetic effects, supported by extensive research through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, have gained significant scientific attention. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. Our previous research demonstrated that camel milk whey hydrolysates (CWHs) induce insulin receptor (IR) activation and downstream signaling, promoting glucose uptake in vitro using HEK293 and HepG2 cells. Building on this foundation, the current study focused on synthesizing nine of the most potent peptides (designated P1-9) derived from CM whey hydrolysates, examining their bioactivity both in vitro and in silico. This investigation assessed the pharmacological effects of these synthetic peptides on IR and GLP1R (Glucagon-like peptide-1) using in vitro models, including human embryonic kidney (HEK293), human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2), and INS1 832/13 cell lines. The functional activities of the peptides were evaluated through phosphorylation of IR, AKT, and ERK 1/2. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)--based analysis revealed differential effects of synthetic CM-derived peptides on IR and GLP1R activity in HEK293 cells. For IR, single peptide treatment—except for P4 and P5—partially induced IR activation compared to Insulin in HEK293 cells. In combined treatment with insulin, the peptides demonstrated three distinct profiles: P1, P3, P4, P5 being non-effective; P6, P7, P8 significantly enhancing insulin-mediated IR activation; and P2 antagonizing insulin’s effect. On GLP1R, peptides partially induced GLP1R activation through Gs, Gq, and β arrestin signaling, in combination treatment, BRET signals showed significant increases, especially with P1-P4 showing high efficacy, P5-P7 with lower efficacy, and P8-P9 with moderately high efficiency. These findings were consistent with AKT and ERK1/2 phosphorylation observed in INS-1 832/13 cells. Furthermore, in IR, all peptides slightly promoted IR and AKT phosphorylation when administered alone, whereas combination with insulin significantly increased AKT phosphorylation, especially with P6 and P7. In glucose uptake assays using HepG2 cells, all peptides enhanced glucose uptake, with P6, P7, and P8 demonstrating the highest potency. Interestingly, in cAMP assays, except for P1 and P2, all other peptides exhibited antagonistic effects when combined with GLP1. Molecular docking studies on insulin-bound IR and GLP1R complexes revealed binding sites with high Dscore values. Specifically, on IR, peptides P1 and P4 displayed the highest binding affinity at site 2, while on GLP1R, peptides P1, P2, and P3 showed the highest binding affinity at site 1 among the other tested sites. Overall, the results confirm the bioactivity of synthetic CM-derived peptides on IR and GLP1R, as well as their downstream signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive validation of bioactive peptides generated from camel milk protein hydrolysis, further supporting the therapeutic potential of CM peptides in modulating key molecular pathways involved in glucose metabolism. These synthetic CM-derived peptides offer promising prospects for future development of antidiabetic therapies and the creation of novel CM-derived drugs with potential applications in managing diabetes
MONITORING SAND MIGRATION IN AL AIN CITY UTILIZING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES
Full text linkSand migration significantly impacts urban development, infrastructure, and ecosystems in arid regions such as Al Ain city, United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study employs advanced remote sensing techniques to monitor and predict sand dune migration across the Sieh Al Hama dune field, a critical area west of Al Ain. The research objectives include quantifying dune migration rates over three years (2018–2020) using monthly Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, identifying distinct dune fields, and analyzing the textural and mineralogical properties of dune sediments to infer their provenance. Field sampling from four dunes (Large Sabra Dune, Dune 1, Dune 2, and Dune 3) was coupled with laboratory analyses, including grain size distribution, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The COSI-Corr software facilitated precise measurement of dune displacement, revealing well-sorted fine to medium sand dominated by quartz (up to 89.67%) and carbonates (up to 14.25%), with minor heavy minerals indicating mixed local (Oman Mountains, Jabal Hafit) and distant sources. The results demonstrate significant interannual variability, with the rate of migration peaking in 2019 (average 3.32 m) and changing seasonally, influenced by wind patterns. These findings indicate the effectiveness of remote sensing in tracking sand dynamics, providing important insights for urban development and environmental management in desert areas
A MICROGRAVITY INVESTIGATION OF THE SUBSURFACE AT THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY CAMPUS
Full text linkThis thesis investigates subsurface structures within the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) campus using microgravity survey. Gravity methods are widely used in geophysical exploration to detect density variations that may indicate subsurface anomalies. The primary objective of this research is to generate the Bouguer anomaly map of the UAEU campus to map subsurface structures and to assess potential geological hazards such as cavities. A total of 76 gravity stations were measured across the UAEU campus using the Scintrex CG-6 gravimeter. The acquired gravity data underwent standard processing to obtain the Bouguer anomaly, including tidal, instrumental drift, latitude, free air, Bouguer, and terrain corrections. The first Bouguer anomaly map of the UAEU campus was produced, revealing gravity values ranging from 112.8 mGal to 115.1 mGal. High gravity anomalies are concentrated in the north-eastern and western regions, while lower gravity anomalies are predominantly observed in the southeastern and southwestern areas. Gravity gradient derivative techniques, such as the horizontal gradient, tilt angle, horizontal derivative of tilt angle and analytic signal were applied to the Bouguer anomaly. A 3D gravity inversion was performed, modeling density variations from the surface down to a depth of 300 meters below the sea level. The study successfully identified significant density contrasts indicative of probable cavities or low-density bodies, lithological variations and possible faults zones dominant structural trends along WNW-ESE, NW-SE, N-S, and E-W directions in the study area. Two distinct geological layers were identified: a shallow layer extending up to approximately 50 meters and a comparatively deeper layer ranging from 50 to 100 meters in depth. The 3D inversion model delineated two prominent low-density anomalies at depths of 125–175 meters from surface, suggesting the presence of cavities or low-density zones. This research represents the first high-resolution microgravity study of the UAEU campus, establishes a baseline microgravity dataset for the UAEU campus. The results enhance understanding of subsurface and highlight the need for further geotechnical and geophysical investigations to validate and refine cavity detection and hazard assessments
STUDY OF FALAJ PATHS AND THEIR UNKNOWN EXTENSION IN AL AIN CITY USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS
Full text linkHistorically, the city of Al Ain has relied on its Falaj systems for freshwater, which is vital for drinking and irrigating its oases. These historic water resources have been essential for supporting life in the region for centuries, providing the foundation for communities and farming. The remarkable rainfall in 2024 uncovered several hidden ancient Falaj systems, and newly enlarged versions of previously recorded ones, highlighting the importance of ongoing research for their preservation. The research project aims to examine the current Falaj systems in Al Ain, particularly Falaj Mazyad, by applying geophysical methods to identify uncharted extensions. The aim of the research is to examine current Falaj routes for concealed extensions and subsequently confirm the results with geophysical survey data. These findings would be essential for promoting rapid urban growth in Al Ain by providing scientific insights that support infrastructure advancement, groundwater management, and heritage preservation. The study employed three geophysical methods, namely Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Audio Magnetotelluric (AMT) surveys, and Multi-Channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW). The 3D models were generated to display the survey findings, integrating data from multiple methods. This thorough method facilitated the uncovering of previously unrecognized Falaj extensions, detection of anomaly points, and assessment of groundwater conditions in the research area. Additionally, the study revealed the topographical differences in the area, extending from east to west, and elucidated the historical water flow patterns of the Falaj, shaped by gravity. These geophysical discoveries provide advanced understanding of Falaj systems, providing opportunities for future geophysical research and aiding in the conservation and sustainable management of these historic water channels. They play a crucial role in supporting urban growth by ensuring the durability of construction and infrastructure planning in fast-developing regions. It is suggested that upcoming studies prioritize the use of electrical resistivity as the primary method for investigating Falaj systems, with MASW as a complementary technique. The integration of 3D modeling can improve result interpretation. Removing field obstacles and conducting exploratory drilling will result in more precise subsurface mapping. Collaboration with the Abu Dhabi Department of Culture and Tourism is crucial for the conservation and documentation of these historic water systems
LITIGATION SPECIFICITIES IN INDIVIDUAL LABOUR DISPUTES UNDER FEDERAL DECREE-LAW NO. (33) OF 2021 AND ITS AMENDMENTS
Full text linkThis study aims to highlight the specific characteristics of individual labour disputes under the current UAE Labor Relations Regulation Law. The study begins by outlining the unique nature of individual labour disputes and explores the various aspects of their distinctiveness in litigation procedures, particularly in terms of speed, financial burdens, limitation periods, and the extent to which general litigation rules may be applied. It also examines the mechanism followed in adjudicating individual labour disputes. An analytical methodology was adopted to achieve the study’s objectives, through the analysis of the relevant provisions in the Labor Relations Regulation Law, in addition to reviewing other related legislation and analysing a set of judicial rulings. The study yielded several findings, most notably that individual labour disputes possess a number of unique characteristics in terms of litigation. Nevertheless, general rules of litigation may still be applied in certain cases. Based on these findings, the study recommends the introduction of new legal standards to address delays in this area
STUDENT ENGAGEMENT WITH VIDEO LECTURES IN MOOCS: FACTORS THAT PREDETERMINE THE NEED TO REWATCH VIDEO LECTURES
Full text linkThis study examines the relationship between instructional delivery that affects students\u27 engagement with video lectures and the need to re-watch video lectures in the context of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the relationships between some key characteristics of video lectures— the arrangement of text and graphs that creates eye scanning behavior, audiovisual support, text-image comprehensibility, professor\u27s speech clarity—with the need to re-watch video lectures. The findings from the study reveal that the arrangement of text and graphs, the professor’s speech clarity, and text-image comprehensibility emerge as major factors influencing the need to rewatch video lectures in MOOCs. However, audiovisual support does not significantly influence the need to re-watch video lectures. Consequently, the study sheds light on the positive relationship between the arrangement of text and graphs and the need to re-watch video lectures, highlighting the potential cognitive overload experienced by students when oscillating between textual and graphical information. Similarly, the study also shows how the comprehensibility of text and images impacts students\u27 video lecture rewatching behavior, emphasizing the necessity for clear and comprehensible visuals in instructional materials. Additionally, our findings indicate the significance of speech clarity in video lectures, with clear speech patterns contributing to a reduced need for re-watching video lectures. However, the study notes the limited impact of audiovisual support on students\u27 re-watching behavior, suggesting the need for instructors and content creators to minimize audiovisual distractions in order to create sustained engagement. While previous studies have explored various aspects of student engagement in MOOCs, this research fills a critical gap by specifically investigating instructional delivery affecting engagement behaviors of students and the propensity for such instructional delivery to cause students to re-watch video lectures in MOOCs. Thus, these findings highlight key areas for optimizing video lecture design in MOOCs, offering actionable insights for educators and content creators to enhance instructional effectiveness and student engagement in fully online learning environments
DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF THERMOPHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND EMBODIED ENERGY OF INSULATION MATERIALS FROM DATE PALM LEAVES FIBERS
Full text linkRising energy usage and environmental contamination are among the most pressing challenges of the twenty-first century. The construction industry significantly contributes to global climate change by emitting many greenhouse gases due to its high energy-intensive production processes of non-renewable materials and high energy consumption, necessitating more sustainable solutions. One viable strategy involves using waste resources and eco-friendly production techniques. The search for environmentally friendly and sustainable building materials has become increasingly essential in this context. Despite their effectiveness, traditional insulation materials pose serious environmental issues as they are non-renewable and have ecological impacts during manufacture and disposal. This study analyzes the potential of agricultural waste material, such as date palm leaf fiber, to create renewable, thermally efficient thermal insulation with low production requirements. The research investigates date palm leaf fiber thermophysical properties and embodied energy as insulation material to verify their performance level with traditional insulation methods. Combining experimental testing with comparative assessment and simulation creates new developments for sustainable building practices while demonstrating agricultural waste material\u27s importance in innovative construction methods. Three successful insulation material samples incorporate date palm fibers with different binder materials between them: tapeten klister methylcellulose polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyurethane adhesive. The research conducted on thermophysical properties produced thermal conductivity values equal to 0.089 W/(m·K), 0.066 W/(m·K), and 0.071 W/(m·K) in the green insulators tested. The three-insulation composite U-values spread from 0.032 to 0.055 W/m²K, and R-values lay between 14.10 to 22.77 W/m²K. This research demonstrates that turning date palm leaves waste into insulation materials is an effective solution for developing environmentally friendly substitutes for high-priced petroleum-based and toxic insulation products. Moreover, the embodied energy of the three insulation materials was 7.48 MJ, 13.8 MJ, and 10.4 MJ, respectively. This insulation achieved good thermophysical properties and can be incorporated within building envelopes during construction, reducing energy consumption, especially cooling loads. Furthermore, biomaterial insulation materials exhibit low embodied energy because they require less energy processing and transportation. This has been confirmed through simulation analysis of the material\u27s embodied energy, enhancing its environmental benefits. However, other properties, such as mechanical, physical, and chemical characteristics, remain a challenge, underscoring the need for further research and innovation in this area