Canadian Jewish Studies / Études juives canadiennes

Raby, Eva Roskies

English

"If You Build It, They will Come": The Norman Berman Children's Library, 1983-2013

Koffman, David

Front Matter

Paul, Jordan

“This Was the Human Course”: Gender, Holocaust Scholarship and the Literary Work of Chava Rosenfarb

Robinson, Ira

262    CJS/ÉJC
In contrast, Medicine Hat received a poor report. 
Goodman bemoaned that the “Jewish population is rich in 
money but poor in ideals.”
One should note that the background information on 
the translated Gezamelte Shriften provided by Goodman’s two 
granddaughters is intended for the general reader unfamiliar 
with the basics of Judaism, Yiddish, and Jewish history. It must 
also be noted that the physical presentation of the book and 
the lack of in-depth fact-checking are drawbacks to the enjoy-
ment of the text. The granddaughters’ publication of Collected 
Writings is their paean to the grandfather whom they never 
knew, and one is best served by reading it in that light.
Shirley Muhlstock Brodt
Hart, Arthur D., ed. The Jew in Canada. Toronto: Now & Then 
Books, 2010. 466 pp.
When it was first published in 1926, The Jew in Canada was a 
pioneering work that set down nearly everything that was then 
publicly known about the Jewish community in Canada. It could 
fairly be said that this book both recorded the accomplishments 
of Canadian Jews, and actively contributed to Canadian Jews’ 
growing vision of themselves as a community. It had long been 
out of print and was mostly known only to those specialized 
in Canadian Jewish history, who mined it for its considerable 
riches of information.
It has now been reprinted in an abridged edition. “In 
order to keep this volume to a reasonable size and price”, the 
publisher has eliminated 110 pages of the original edition, 
mostly consisting of B.G. Sack’s historical essay. What remains 
wisely follows the pagination of the original edition. This 
publication will be a useful addition to the libraries of anyone 
interested in the Canadian Jewish community and its history in 
the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Ira Robinson
Concordia University


Hart, Arthur D., ed. The Jew in Canada.

 Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus   269 
no doubt by a fair dose of infighting and disillusionment). 
Occasionally the focus of the story grew blurry, given the great 
range of material presented.
Allan Levine has made an invaluable contribution to 
fleshing out the history of the Jewish people of Manitoba by 
the inclusion of wonderfully original chapters on culture, sports 
and leisure. In addition to using a wealth of memoir material, 
he integrates an astounding breadth of oral history, drawing 
on over 200 interviews. The integration of beautifully laid 
out full, and even double-paged archival photographs goes a 
long way to making the history pertinent and immediate, 
and his thought provoking treatment of the history of the 
Jewish People of Manitoba makes Coming of Age an absolutely 
essential reference book for any student of Canadian 
Jewish History.
Eve Lerner
Maoz, Daniel and Gondos, Andrea, eds. From Antiquity to the 
Postmodern World: Contemporary Jewish Studies in Canada. 
Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011. 
xiii + 302 pp.
This volume is a collection of articles that originated as 
presentations at the annual meetings of the Canadian Society 
for Jewish Studies (CSJS) and the Association for Canadian 
Jewish Studies (ACJS). These two learned societies, which 
exist in a symbiotic relationship, engage respectively in the 
fields of Jewish Studies (CSJS) and the multidisciplinary study 
of Jews in Canada (ACJS). In the introduction, the editors 
go into detail describing this interesting and somewhat com- 
plex relationship.
The articles in the volume, thirteen in number, are 
grouped in four sections: “The Rabbinic Period: Issues of 
Gender and Status,” “Jewish Mysticism: Approaches to Its 
Popularization,” “Jewish Texts: Interpretation and Application,” 
and “Jewish Society, History, and Art.” As one can tell from 
270    CJS/ÉJC
the categorization, this is an eclectic volume. The disparate 
articles are united by their CSJS and ACJS origins, and speak 
well for the quality of the Canadian conferences at which they 
were presented and for the health of contemporary Jewish stud-
ies in Canada.
Ira Robinson
Concordia University
Margolis, Rebecca. Jewish Roots, Canadian Soil: Yiddish 
Culture in Montreal, 1905-1945. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-
Queens University Press, 2011. xxii + 293pp.
This study is the first to consider the phenomenon of Yiddish in 
Montreal comprehensively. Margolis sets out to understand 
how it is both the same as and different from Yiddish cultural 
activity elsewhere. “On the surface, Yiddish Montreal appeared 
to be a smaller version of Yiddish New York, separated by a 
generation gap,” she says (35). But this formulation, she shows, 
minimizes a central difference. The generation that elapsed 
between the major immigration of Eastern European Jews to 
New York and that which saw a large number arrive in Montreal 
was a crucial period. “Montreal’s Yiddish immigration took 
place largely after 1905, by which time Yiddish cosmopolitan-
ism had been supplanted by nationalist ideologies” (36). In 
addition, immigrants to Montreal encountered a uniquely bilin-
gual city in which the contested arena of linguistic domination 
threw up roadblocks to newcomers. Catholic French-speakers 
and Protestant English-speakers had separate school systems, 
neither of which could easily accommodate non-Christians. 
This served to bolster independent community organizations (in 
this case, schools) that fostered Jewish particularity, delaying 
assimilation and producing a multi-faceted, intellectually and 
emotionally satisfying cultural life. “While a mainstream 
American Yiddish press promoted Americanization, Montreal 
intellectuals such as pedagogue Shloime Wiseman (1899-1985) 
advocated an ’invented yidishkayt’ ” )31(.


Maoz, Daniel and Gondos, Andrea, eds. From Antiquity to the Postmodern World: Contemporary Jewish Studies in Canada.

Harris, Eiran

A Record of Hebrew and Yiddish Printing in Canada, 1844-1915

Robinson, Sara Libby

 Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus   273 
there is actually a fair bit of material. Informal literary activity, 
relationships between writers, the effects of the secular Yiddish 
schools on their graduates, and other such phenomena all yield 
quite rich material from memoirs and the press. Margolis pieces 
her sources together with great skill. Overall, this study admira-
bly fills a gap which has truly hampered the study of Canadian 
Jewry, and does so lucidly and readably.
Faith Jones
University of British Columbia
Mendelson, Alan. Exiles From Nowhere: the Jews and the 
Canadian Elite. Montréal : R. Brass Studio, 2008. xviii + 
411 pp.
Alan Mendelson’s Exiles From Nowhere has two aims. One is to 
examine the pervasive antisemitism displayed by the Canadian 
elite from the late nineteenth century through the aftermath of 
World War II. The other is to explore how growing up in this 
milieu molded the noted Canadian intellectual George Grant on 
issues regarding Jews and Judaism. The result is a fascinating 
and heartbreaking book.
Mendelson states at the outset that “words have power” 
(xvii); he then goes on to follow the spoken and written words 
of the Canadian elite and their ripple effects upon history. In 
pursuing his investigation, Mendelson introduces his readers to 
the men and women of money, class, and intellect who wielded 
influence on the world around them, including Goldwin Smith, 
Vincent Massey, Waldorf and Nancy Astor, and William Lyon 
Mackenzie King. The reader is introduced to a world of deep-
seated “genteel” antisemitism, in which a deep disdain for both 
Judaism as a religion and Jews as a people suffused people’s 
thoughts and actions, even as they distanced themselves from 
the more overt, “vulgar” antisemitism of direct violence, 
destruction of property, and assault. With persuasive attention 
to detail, Mendelson demonstrates “that genteel antisemitism 
had tangible consequences in the real world” (3). Words spoken 
274    CJS/ÉJC
at house parties, written in letters, and published in newspapers 
or journals had a real influence on the opinions of the masses 
and a real impact on Canada’s public policy. At the heart of 
Mendelson’s argument lies the tragedy of the Canadian govern-
ments’ disregard for the looming crisis of the Holocaust and its 
refusal to admit Jewish refugees during the buildup to World 
War II. The chapters detailing the indifference of Vincent 
Massey and Prime Minister King in the face of ballooning trag-
edy are particularly devastating.
After completing his tour of the Canadian political and 
cultural elite as a whole, Mendelson then focuses his attention 
on George Grant in particular—the books that he read, the 
thinkers that he admired, and their effect upon his own opin-
ions. We follow Grant to Oxford at the onset of World War II, 
when he believed in pacifism and appeasement. In the after-
math of the war, Mendelson explores Grant’s admiration for 
Arnold Toynbee and Martin Heidegger, including Toynbee’s 
beliefs in Judaism as an outdated and “fossilized” religion, and 
Heidegger’s unrepentant past history with Nazism. Finally, 
Mendelson investigates Grant’s scholarly and teaching career 
at McMaster University, including Grant’s ambivalent friend-
ship with the younger, Jewish writer, Matt Cohen, which ended 
when Cohen left McMaster, due to his discomfort over Grant’s 
stated opinions regarding Judaism (307).
In some ways, despite the terrible seriousness of 
Mendelson’s subject matter, the effect of reading Exiles From 
Nowhere is a delightful surprise. As a whole, the book’s execu-
tion has an “old school” feel to it—looking at the “great” men 
of a period and how their thoughts, their actions, and the salons 
they attended left indelible stamps on history, with echoes 
reverberating down through time. In a discipline where popu-
lar culture has been in vogue for so long, this type of analysis 
serves as a salutary reminder to readers that studying the 
thoughts and actions of the elite remains important. There is 
such a thing as one man bringing the force of his ideas and opin-
ions to bear upon his generation in ways that the ordinary man 
 Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus   275 
on the street never will. Unfortunately, as Mendelson takes us 
through Canada’s elite in the first half of the twentieth century, 
he also shows us the squandered opportunities of many men and 
women who could have done more good with their power and 
influence than was the case.
Nowadays, most Canadians take pride in the image of 
their country as one that values a multi-ethnic society, more 
welcoming and accepting of minorities than most. Exiles From 
Nowhere serves as a daunting reminder that Canada’s recent 
past includes many dark shadows. With scholars and intel-
lectuals like George Grant casting the influence of nineteenth 
century prejudices forward into the twentieth, Mendelson does 
his best to let in light on this subject, giving us all a clearer 
picture of who we are as Canadians so that we may understand 
our “great” men better. 
Sara Libby Robinson
Olazabal, Ignace. Khaverim: Les Juifs ashkénazes de Montréal 
au début du xxe siècle, entre le shtetl et l’identité citoyenne. 
Québec: Editions Nota Bene, 2006. 276 pp. 
D’entrée de jeu, l’auteur se situe par rapport a son sujet de re-
cherche: non-juif, Ignace Olazabal s’intéresse a l’étude de l’inté-
gration des minorités dans la société québécoise et a l’édification 
de ponts intercommunautaires. La minorité juive l’a particu-
lièrement interpelle, étant donne la richesse de sa contribution 
plus que bicentenaire à la collectivité montréalaise, et la valeur 
emblématique qu’elle a acquise en ce qui a trait aux relations 
entre minorités et majorités, au Québec. Ainsi, Olazabal a décidé 
de lui consacrer sa thèse de doctorat, dont la forme remaniée et 
publiée fait l’objet de ce compte rendu. 
Afin de bien cerner la vie juive à Montréal depuis le 
début du vingtième siècle, Olazabal a d’abord dû se plonger 
dans l’étude des traditions, du yiddish et de tout ce qui constitue 
l’univers juif. En plus d’absorber ces nouvelles connaissances, 
Olazabal a arpenté les rues des quartiers ou les Juifs ont vécu et/


Mendelson, Alan. Exiles From Nowhere: the Jews and the Canadian Elite.

Frank, Esther

Home and Homelessness in the Poetry of Rokhl Korn (1898-1982)

Croteau, Jean-Phillipe

251
BOOK REVIEWS/COMPTES RENDUS
Anctil, Pierre. Trajectoires juives au Québec. Sainte-Foy: 
Presses de l’Université Laval, 2010. xi + 231pp.
La question de la communauté juive au Québec a rarement 
constitué un objet d’étude. Elle est soulevée la plupart du temps 
au gré des controverses politiques pour faire état de la question 
de l’antisémitisme ou des rapports entre la majorité francophone 
et les communautés culturelles. Dans cet ouvrage, Pierre Anc-
til rompt avec l’approche traditionnelle pour présenter un objet 
d’étude autonome qui a une valeur en soi. Grâce à la maîtrise de 
l’hébreu, du yiddish et sa connaissance approfondie de la tradi-
tion judaïque, Anctil étend ce sujet d’étude à des frontières beau-
coup plus vastes et même insoupçonnées qui se caractérisent par 
le portrait d’une communauté très diversifiée tant sur le plan 
des croyances, des cultures, des traditions que des expériences 
sociales. Il tente de montrer que la communauté juive a parti-
cipé à la construction de la « québécitude », grâce à un héritage 
séculaire et à un parcours collectif original, qui a contribué à 
l’avancement de la société québécoise. 
La principale contribution de l’auteur demeure trois de 
ses textes sur la littérature yiddish à Montréal. Ces textes ouvrent 
une fenêtre sur Montréal à travers le regard des immigrants juifs 
marqué par l’expérience de l’exil et des révolutions. L’auteur 
nous invite à découvrir cette littérature qui pense, ressent et écrit 
la « Montréalité» à travers une sensibilité juive façonnée par la 
tradition judaïque et les idéologies progressistes qui se récla-
ment de la «modernité ». Anctil dévoile ainsi les possibilités que 
recèle ce sujet pour affiner notre connaissance du Montréal his-
torique et même contemporain, ainsi que des rapports entre les 
francophones et les Juifs à travers les yeux de ces derniers. 
L’un des textes les plus intéressants d’Anctil—et sans 
doute le plus original—compare l’évolution linguistique du 
252    CJS/ÉJC
Québec et d’Israël au sein de la sphère sociopolitique. L’analyse 
comparative constitue une entreprise fort périlleuse à laquelle 
peu d’auteurs se risque. Or, Anctil montre un souci de rigueur 
et de prudence en établissant les similitudes et les divergences 
des deux situations fort différentes à première vue et en campant 
son analyse sur le concept «langues renaissantes, langues en 
émergence» applicable spécifiquement à l’hébreu et au français. 
Il apparaît dans les deux cas que la structure étatique d’Israël et 
du Québec a respectivement restauré et rehaussé l’usage de la 
langue nationale au sein d’un cadre démocratique. Ce texte a le 
mérite de décloisonner la question linguistique au Québec pour 
l’intégrer à un champ d’analyse plus vaste qui pourrait faciliter 
notre compréhension de la valorisation des langues nationales 
par les gouvernements régionaux à l’heure de la mondialisation. 
Le texte sur René Lévesque et les minorités culturelles 
mérite une mention particulière. 
L’analyse d’ Anctil se limite principalement à la com-
munauté juive qui constituait a son avis une interlocutrice de 
premier plan avec le chef souverainiste et qui prend valeur 
d’exemple pour étudier les rapports interculturels au Québec. 
L’analyse des relations entre René Lévesque et la communauté 
juive demeure d’un grand insert pour connaître la pensée du per-
sonnage sur la diversité culturelle et il est vrai que les études sur 
le discours des acteurs politiques sur cette question pendant les 
années 1970 et 1980 ne foisonnent pas. Toutefois, la portée de 
l’analyse nous semble réductrice, trop centrée sur une commu-
nauté, certes importante, mais qui, selon nous, ne nous révèle pas 
tout sur l’ensemble des communautés culturelles. En étendant le 
schéma d’analyse à d’autres communautés, il y aurait eu une 
avenue intéressante à explorer.
Le texte, «Les Juifs au Québec, au coeur d’une société 
divisée », laisse un peu perplexe par le portrait brosse de la so-
ciété canadienne française d’avant la Révolution tranquille. En 
effet, Anctil décrit une société repliée sur soi, engagée dans la 
survivance et sous l’égide de l’Eglise catholique. Bien que le 
tableau ne nous apparaisse pas complètement inexact, il tranche 


Anctil, Pierre. Trajectoires juives au Québec.

Lerner, Eve

 Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus   265 
is made to deal with the Israeli decision-making process that 
helped to shape mutual relations. 
It is for that reason that the main advantage of this book 
is the light it sheds on several aspects of Canada’s foreign 
policy, and the way it was formulated. It is less informative on 
the mutual relations between the two states, Israel and Canada.
David Tal 
University of Calgary
King, Joe. Fabled City: the Jews of Montreal. Montreal: Price-
Patterson Ltd., 2009. 200 pp. 
This book is the latest in a series of tributes to Jewish Montreal 
flowing from the pen of Joe King. As an experienced joumalist 
and a talented storyteller, King has made the most of a rich body 
of material in order to evoke the personalities, incidents and an-
ecdotes that mark the rich history of the Jews of Montreal over 
two and a half centuries. He knows a good story when he sees it 
and tells it well. The book is the result of a great deal of research 
and consultation, which the author graciously acknowledges. 
Fabled City is well designed with copious illustrations on nearly 
every page. Both those who are new to the historical memory 
of Montreal Jews and those who are already familiar with the 
subject will be entertained and instructed. 
Ira Robinson
Concordia University
Levine, Allan. Coming of Age: A History of the Jewish People 
of Manitoba. Winnipeg: Heartland, 2009. 511 pp.
Almost fifty years after the publication of Arthur Chiel’s The 
Jews in Manitoba, Allan Levine gives us a chronicle of astound-
ing scope, supplemented by wonderful photographs from the 
archives of the Jewish Heritage Centre of Western Canada. The 
task of writing a regional history is no small one. The story must 
have sufficient depth and breadth so that readers from inside the 
266    CJS/ÉJC
community portrayed can easily recognize themselves and their 
community, and at the same time be compelling and coherent, 
so that readers unfamiliar with the community will be drawn 
into it. 
The outline of the narrative that Levine gives us is 
in many ways very familiar to students of North American 
Jewish history. Beginning with German Jewish settlement and 
entrepreneurship in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centu-
ries, he chronicles the mercurial rise of the Coblenz family, 
along with a handful of other peddlers and merchants who 
were established, for a short time, in the countryside and later 
moved into Winnipeg. They are followed by waves of Russian 
immigrants who inhabited the area north of the CPR tracks, that 
part of the north end known for a time as “Little Jerusalem.” 
This same Russian Jewish immigrant community produced 
a wealth of educational and cultural institutions such as the 
Peretz and Sholem Aleichem schools, nurtured in the soil of 
Yiddish radicalism. Levine goes on to relate in exquisite detail 
the discrimination faced by Jews as they moved into the social 
mainstream; the housing conventions of suburban Tuxedo flats, 
the University quotas. Finally he chronicles the growing ethnic 
diversity of an affluent community that has now “come of age.”
While the outline of the story is familiar, its colour is 
uniquely “Manitoba”, influenced by the physical and cultural 
topography, starting from as far back as 1732 when Fernand 
Jacobs was a factor for the Hudson’s Bay Company, followed 
by a number of other German Jewish fur traders who plied their 
trade near Fort Gary.
 The prairie landscape produced a generation of Jewish 
farmers who, for a brief interlude make their living from the 
land, in the farm colonies, (such as Edenbridge, that most 
contentious of radical socialist experiments), or in their own 
nuclear homesteads. The success of these families, as well as 
that of the rural general store merchants, claims Levine, lay 
in their ability to adapt to the multicultural environment in 
which they found themselves. They move amongst Mennonites, 
 Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus   267 
Ukrainians, Belgians, Dutch, as well as English, Scottish, and 
Aboriginals “dealing with the multicultural mix and learning 
bits of several languages including Cree and Ojibway was natu-
ral and became a part of doing business in the country.” (p. 339)
In addition to this ability to negotiate multiculturalism, 
the spirit of creativity, and innovation emerges from the narra-
tive as distinctive to this place; Levine devotes a chapter (my 
favourite) to the creative projects, such as the L’Chaim dance 
troupe and the Labour zionist Camp Massad . He tells how the 
camp, which operated out of a glorified parking lot, somehow 
managed to produce interesting and provocative theatre.
Perhaps this gives us a clue to the Manitoba Jewish 
mystique. This tiny people, making up 3% of the Winnipeg 
population, and 1.5% of the provincial population in 2006 (a 
total of about 16,000 people) has incubated more than its share 
of wildly creative and successful entrepreneurs that perme-
ate this story- the Bronfmans, the Keives (of K-tel fame),the 
Vickars, and the Simkins (land developers), to name a few .The 
cultural field includes Miriam Waddington, Adele Wiseman, 
Sarah Sommers, Gad Horowitz, and in the field of religion, 
Manitoba can lay claim to zalman Schachter. Perhaps, Levin 
speculates, the very scarcity of material resources and the 
relative isolation of Manitoba Jewry provided a stimulus to 
resourcefulness and hence greater creativity.
 Another Manitoba motif emerges from Levine’s telling; 
transience. Many of the families portrayed are from somewhere 
else, and many move, either from the countryside to Winnipeg, 
to the United States or to Eastern Canada in order to further their 
careers. The very landscape echoes this motif of transience. Of 
the farm colonies, for instance there often remain only buried 
traces, literally, in the case of the hidden cemetery of Bender 
Hamlet, founded in 1902, between Lake Winnipeg and Lake of 
the Woods. 
But the solidity of the edifice that frames the narrative, 
from the prologue to the concluding chapter cannot be doubted. 
It is the Asper Jewish Community Campus, built in Winnipeg in 
268    CJS/ÉJC
2006. It is a symbol of the affluence of the Jewish community, 
its self sufficiency, and its ability to take care of its own, and 
of course, of the social acceptance that make such visibility in 
the wider community possible. For this is the central metaphor 
of the book, and these qualities of affluence, self-sufficiency, 
social and political and integration, for Levine, are the concomi-
tants of maturity.
Should affluence and ability to blend in be key measures 
of communal maturity? Some would argue that indeed, these 
are the prerequisites to being able to enrich and sustain 
Jewish communities. Without affluence, there will be no 
Community Campus.
However, Levin argues, ’Coming of Age’ in Manitoba 
has had a cost: crushing conformity. Gone is the social and 
cultural diversity of the North End (the Jewish population 
of Winnipeg lives and prays in the South End now), the 
Yiddish flavour of difference, the creativity of a generation of 
radical secularists.
Nostalgia ? Perhaps. But the contrasting of the conten-
tious diversity of the past with the monolithic conformity of 
the present begs another question. Is it possible that Levine’s 
backward looking nostalgia actually hides real, contemporary 
diversity in the Jewish community? He mentions, for example, 
the divisive issue of Israeli state and military policy in Manitoba 
congregations. He also includes, as a tease, an image of a news-
paper headline from 1999 concerning local furor over same-sex 
(and interfaith) marriages. Why not go further, and explore 
these differences, in as far as they relate to perceived or real 
diversity in the community? 
To his great credit, Levine is not afraid to tell the 
discomforting stories often left in the shadows, of Jewish pros-
titution at the beginning of the last century, for instance, or of 
the Kosher meat scandal of the 1960s. At times, however, the 
celebratory tone of the volume made it difficult for an outsider 
such as me, to accept the group portrait of the community 
as entirely real (such scepticism can only be counteracted, 
 Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus   269 
no doubt by a fair dose of infighting and disillusionment). 
Occasionally the focus of the story grew blurry, given the great 
range of material presented.
Allan Levine has made an invaluable contribution to 
fleshing out the history of the Jewish people of Manitoba by 
the inclusion of wonderfully original chapters on culture, sports 
and leisure. In addition to using a wealth of memoir material, 
he integrates an astounding breadth of oral history, drawing 
on over 200 interviews. The integration of beautifully laid 
out full, and even double-paged archival photographs goes a 
long way to making the history pertinent and immediate, 
and his thought provoking treatment of the history of the 
Jewish People of Manitoba makes Coming of Age an absolutely 
essential reference book for any student of Canadian 
Jewish History.
Eve Lerner
Maoz, Daniel and Gondos, Andrea, eds. From Antiquity to the 
Postmodern World: Contemporary Jewish Studies in Canada. 
Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011. 
xiii + 302 pp.
This volume is a collection of articles that originated as 
presentations at the annual meetings of the Canadian Society 
for Jewish Studies (CSJS) and the Association for Canadian 
Jewish Studies (ACJS). These two learned societies, which 
exist in a symbiotic relationship, engage respectively in the 
fields of Jewish Studies (CSJS) and the multidisciplinary study 
of Jews in Canada (ACJS). In the introduction, the editors 
go into detail describing this interesting and somewhat com- 
plex relationship.
The articles in the volume, thirteen in number, are 
grouped in four sections: “The Rabbinic Period: Issues of 
Gender and Status,” “Jewish Mysticism: Approaches to Its 
Popularization,” “Jewish Texts: Interpretation and Application,” 
and “Jewish Society, History, and Art.” As one can tell from 


Levine, Allan. Coming of Age: A History of the Jewish People of Manitoba.

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