CSRC Publishing: Open Journal Systems (Center for Sustainability Research and Consultancy)
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Puffery Advertising in Media Industry of Pakistan: A Study of Professionals Perception
No full textPurpose: Puffery advertising is defined as advertising or promotional material that makes broad exaggerated or boastful statements which may mislead the consumers in developing their opinion or making purchase decisions. This study was conducted to explore the practice of puffery advertising in media industry of Pakistan and analyze the professionals’ perceptions about how it may influence the advertising industry.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was conducted by getting the empirical data from major Pakistani advertising agencies. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in this study. Amalgamation of different qualitative and quantitative techniques was ensured. Maximum quality of data was ensured by using both techniques.
Findings: The study has been successful in digging out the possible issues and solutions related to puffery advertisements in the Pakistani advertising industry.
Implications/Originality/Value: The results implicate that professionals are aware of this phenomenon, however, novice firms are involved in puffery advertisements. More awareness and responsible behaviors related to puffery in advertisements needs to be acculturated among professionals in advertising industry in Pakistan. The study has discussed the role of media regulating agency to take necessary measures to overcome such practice
Education for Sustainable Development (ESD): Awareness of the Pakistani Prospective Teachers
No full textPurpose: The major purpose of current study was to explore the awareness regarding education for sustainable development (ESD) of the Pakistani prospective teachers. It is necessary to explore the understanding and awareness of prospective teachers for further implementation process of ESD in the Pakistan general education to achieve UNESCO’s aim of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). As future generation can shape society in a sustainable manner so it is necessary to investigate the comprehension of prospective teachers regarding ESD
Methodology: Population of the study was all prospective teachers. Total 115 prospective teachers of a public university were taken as a sample of this study in Lahore. It was cross sectional study and quantitative in nature. The data was collected through standardized instrument questionnaire which was consisted on 19 statements (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009).
Findings: Current study found that students have already much awareness about ESD before teaching the course of ESD thus there is not major difference of awareness about ESD among students before teaching and after teaching the ESD course.
Implications: It is recommended that as students already have awareness about ESD without teaching ESD as a course thus awareness might be given through multimedia, advertisements in T.V, radio, banners and other colorful sources from early education. So such subjects should be included in elementary education
Colonialism and Emasculation of Political and Religious Institutions in Northern Nigeria
No full textPurpose: Colonialism, a phenomenon which has long gone remains an interesting subject of debates especially among the African scholars. This is perhaps, due to the aggressive nature in which colonialism violently altered the evolutionary destiny of the African states. Any study that carefully dig deeply can easily come up with an area of contribution regarding the subject matter of colonialism in Africa. This study specifically explored how colonialism emasculated the political and religious institutions of Northern Nigeria with a view to ascertain the current crisis of identity that the region is facing.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive analytical design was adopted, thematic analysis and a qualitative content analysis method was used in this study which analyzed critically the various views and dimensions on the role played by colonialism in the emasculation of political and religious institutions in Northern Nigeria.
Findings: The results revealed that Northern Nigeria had a well-articulated and functioning political and religious institutions prior to the emergence of the exploitative colonialism. The British colonialist supervised the destruction of these heritages and replaced them with the alien ones that failed to function well leading to crisis of identity.
Implications/Originality/Value: So it is concluded that colonialism succeeded in damaging the Northern Nigerian heritage and that there must be a reversal towards that indigenous culture and social settings for Northern Nigeria to record a meaningful progress in the 21st century
Re-Thinking Models of Judicial Appointments in the Superior Courts of Pakistan: A Quest for a Better Model
No full textPurpose: Since the inception of the notions of separation of powers and judicial independence, different judicial systems across the globe have devised various models of judicial appointments to meet the standards of the concepts of separation of powers and judicial independence.
Methodology: In general, three moles of judicial appointments namely the politicised, the judicialised and the institutionalised models have been used in different jurisdictions.
Findings: In Pakistan, since its independence, all these three models have been practiced, however none of these could help to achieve the required standards of judicial independence. The causes of failure perhaps rooted in the attitudes and intentions of the constitutional players rather than internal flaws of these three models.
Implications: This article analyses the pros and cons of these models of judicial appointments and the causes of failure of these models in provision of independent and trustworthy judiciary in Pakistan and then proposes a better model with further improvements for judicial appointments in Pakistan
Impact of Communication Climate on Conflict Management Styles among Employees
No full textPurpose: The quality of the relationship between people manifested by spoken and wordless messages refers to the communication climate. The approach of people about how to feel about each other generates the communication climate. When people perceive they are desirable so it builds the productive communication climate. A negative climate makes it difficult for people, because it is hard to communicate. The purpose of present study is to find out impact of communication climate on conflict management styles among employees.
Method: The sample was consisted on N=295employees calculate by using G-power method. Employees were taken from different organizations of Multan .Communication Climate Inventory and Rahim Organizational conflict inventory were used to collect the data.
Findings: The result shows that integrating and obliging styles of handling conflict are significantly correlated with supportive communication climate. The result also shows that dominating and avoiding styles are significantly correlated with Defensive communication climate.
Implication: There is a significant impact of communication climate on conflict management styles among employees
Framing of Kashmir Conflict in Elite Pakistani and Indian Newspapers after Revocation of Special Status of the Disputed Territory
No full textPurpose: India, using its legislative powers, divided Jammu and Kashmir J&K into two separate territories under federal control by revoking Article 370 that had given a special status to the disputed territory. This move stirred isolation and suppression in the people of the valley. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the peace and war framing of the Kashmir conflict after the revocation of the special status of the disputed territory in the Indian and Pakistani media. The study also attempts to explore the strategic relevance of Kashmir for neighboring China.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Framing, Peace and War Journalism theories were used in this study. Quantitative content analysis method was used to analyze the peace and war framing of the J&K conflict in Dawn and Times of India.
Findings: Content analysis findings supported assumption that war coverage was the most highly recorded coverage pattern in both Indian and Pakistani newspapers. Dawn took a lead in peace journalism framing with 25.56% of its editorials and columns dominated with peace journalism frames whereas 11.88% editorials and columns in Times of India were dominated with peace journalism frames.
Implications/Originality/Value: The study finds that Kashmir dispute was framed in War Journalism viewpoint in media of both the neighboring countries. This research also shows that Beijing sticks to its strategic guns by giving peaceful verbal gestures for the region’s stability.
 
Key Assessment Indicators of Infrastructure for the Sustainability of Economic Development: An Empirical Investigation of Pakistan
No full textPurpose: This study addresses the linkage between the gross domestic product and infrastructure in Pakistan. The time frame taken for this study is from 1977-2019. The information utilized in this study is taken from reliable sources; World Bank.
Methodology: ARDL method is utilized in this study with the assistance of E-VIEWS 10 programming. To consider the effect of infrastructure on GDP; the factors are utilized, for example, gross fixed capital formation, health expenditures, total generation age of power, life expectancy, and government expenditure on education.
Findings: The consequences of this study show that the gross fixed capital formation, wellbeing consumption, and workforce have a positive connection to GDP. Then again, the total generation of electricity and government expenditures on schooling adversely affect the economy of Pakistan. The infrastructure is one of the principals and fundamental variables for the improvement of the economy of Pakistan. The helpless state of infrastructure in Pakistan is probably the greatest deterrent in the advancement of the country. The public authority should zero in on the upgrading of the approaches in regards to the infrastructure area.
Implication: This study witnesses a positive link with the gross domestic product of Pakistan, this is the reason the government of Pakistan should work on the development of the labor force. For the development of the labor force, the government should organize training sessions, workshops, institutions for technical and vocational education, and many other projects
Student’s Perception and Expectation Regarding Library Services Quality: A Case Study of a Public Multi Campus University of Punjab, Pakistan
No full textPurpose: The disparity between students' perceptions and expectations is measured in this study to determine the perceived service quality (SQ) of sample university’s academic library units.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Under the typology of quantitative approach survey method was used. The SERVQUAL instrument consisting of 22 items was adopted for assessing student's expectations and perceptions. The students enrolled in regular programmes of the academic year 2013-2014 were taken as population. Using stratified random sampling through proportional allocation, a sample of 372 respondents was designed. Data were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and qualitatively using NVIVO software for content of open-ended questions.
Findings: The results revealed that student's expectations were higher than their perception.
Implications/Originality/Value: Based on the findings, it was concluded that the concerned authorities may take initiatives to improve the library services provided by the library staff. In this way the students’ expectations can be met
Review of Single National Curriculum with Perspective of the Education of Children with Visual Impairment at Primary Level in Punjab Pakistan
No full textPurpose: The Single National Curriculum (SNC) is one of the basic items of manifesto of ruling party in Pakistan. The academic capability of Children with Visual Impairment (CWVI) is usually considered as that of non-disabled students due to their good cognitive skills. Directorate of Special Education Punjab adopted the same curriculum for CWVI. This study is an effort to identify the standards, benchmarks and SLOs which are difficult to accomplish for CWVI. It was a qualitative study by method and curriculum review/document analysis technique was applied to study the SNC. The complete curriculum of seven key learning areas at early childhood level and following six subjects of English, Urdu, Mathematics, General Knowledge, Islamiat and General Science were studied at primary level. The data was retrieved from the website of National Curriculum Council, Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training, Islamabad, Government of Pakistan. Collected information was coded, major themes were derived and interpreted. Results revealed that a large number of standards, benchmarks and Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) were easy to accomplish for CWVI as non-disabled children but many standards, benchmarks and SLOs were not easy to accomplish for CWVI due to their visual limitations and lack of sufficient need based support. The study recommended that proper adaptations, modifications and accommodations should be made for CWVI especially to attain the geometry, science and geography related standards, benchmarks and SLOs including adaptations proposed by Directorate of Special Education Punjab. Pictorial representations and visual tasks should be substituted with some other learning tasks for CWVI.
 
Health Policies Formulation in Pakistan: An Analysis
No full textObjective: A reviewing study of the health policy planning and formulation was initiated which explored the procedure of formulation of health policy and its implementation in Pakistan. The purpose of the study is to learn the procedure of health policy formulation and its implementation and to observe the issues in health system in Pakistan.
Methodology: This study on health policy formulation was exploratory in nature. The research design was qualitative. The data was collected through secondary sources which includes research articles published in various journals and available on online sites. Moreover, data was also collected through books written on public policy by some foreign and local authors.
Findings: The findings indicates that the planning and policy formation of the health sector in Pakistan is capable at the preparation level but not at the execution level.
Implications: This paper recommends overcoming the health-related problems in Pakistan through formulation and implementation of sound, assertive and credible policies