CSRC Publishing: Open Journal Systems (Center for Sustainability Research and Consultancy)
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1354 research outputs found
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Causes and Effect of Domestic Violence against Women in Pakistan : An Analytical Study
No full textPurpose: Despite of implementation of many laws and legislation in Pakistan, domestic violence is still present and increasing day by day. The aim of the study is to point out what are the causes and effects of Domestic Violence (DV) against women in Pakistan. The Pakistani scenario has been described and theoretical bases are presented.
Methodology: Research follows the qualitative research method as it is descriptive and analytical in nature. To make the research important, investigative, and analytical, material has also been collected through random survey. Opinions have been collected from women intellectuals, doctors, psychologists and lawyers of the country through a questionnaire.
Findings: Domestic violence is not an appropriate subject for assessment, interventions, or policy reforms in Pakistan because it usually occurs within the family. According to surveys, between 35% and 70% of intimate relationship violence occurs in Pakistan. Major factors contributing to domestic violence in Pakistan include women's low levels of education and empowerment, misconceptions about Islamic beliefs, traditional customs, poverty, the dowry system, having a girl child, infertility, and drug and alcohol usage. Due to these reasons women are physically, verbally and emotionally, psychologically, sexually abused. Slapping beating, kicking against women cause physical problem.
Implications: Research proves that the risk of attempting suicide is four times more in the victim of domestic violence and they are likely to develop stress, depression, and drug dependency. Study reveals that a large number of women suffer with domestic violence in Pakistan and the causes identified are preventable. Further research is also needed in this regard
Impact of Executive Compensation, CEO Compensation and Board Diversity on Organizational Performance with Moderating Effect of Systemic Factors
No full textPurpose: Current research intended to probe the impact of executive compensation, CEO compensation and diversity on the organizational financial performance with the moderating role of systemic factors. Systemic factors are overall country based factors such as political, economic, social and legal factors that may moderate the relationship of executive compensation, CEO compensation, diversity and organizational performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: To conduct study secondary data is collected from annual reports of domestic scheduled public sector banks of 2015-2020. Executive compensation, CEO compensation and board gender diversity are bootstrapped on organizational performance by using MS Excel and Stata17. Linear regression and moderated hierarchical regression analysis is used for data analysis.
Findings: Results shows that Executive compensation, CEO compensation and diversity has signification positive impact on organizational performance. Moreover systemic factors moderates the predictors and outcome relationship
Implications/Originality/Value: This paper explores the relationship of Executive & CEO compensation, board gender diversity and organizational performance with the moderating role of systemic factors, which has largely been ignored in the previous literature  
Examining the Impact of Ethical Leadership on Teams Knowledge Sharing
No full textPurpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between the ethical leadership behavior of project managers working on the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and knowledge sharing in organizations, by relating Kant’s Ethical theory.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was quantitative in nature. Data was collected through survey method from 310 employees working on CPEC projects. Results showed the positive impact of ethical leadership of CPEC project managers on moral motivation, ethical culture, and knowledge sharing in project teams..
Findings: A very strong effect was observed with both mediators i-e; ethical culture of CPEC organization and moral motivation of project teams. Ethical Leadership of Project Managers working on the CPEC project in Pakistan significantly impact Knowledge Sharing in project teams.
Implications/Originality/Value: The most significant implication as the authors observed that presence of a mediating effects of the project team’s moral motivation for knowledge sharing and ethical culture of CPEC Organizations in a relationship between the project manager’s ethical leadership and the project team’s knowledge sharing. The highest impact on knowledge sharing is observed when both mediator’s, direct and indirect effects are tested in a relationship between project managers' ethical leadership and the project team’s knowledge sharing
Building Peace through Poetry in the Fragile Context of Erstwhile FATA
No full textPurpose: The local peace actors, including poets, play an important role in promoting peace in a conflict context. In this vein, this study aims to investigate the role of local poets in promoting peace in the conflict-affected communities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Methodology: A qualitative inquiry was conducted in one of the Districts of former FATA, namely Bajaour. During fieldwork, fifty in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants, including poets, journalists, teachers, writers, and traditional peacebuilders.
Findings: Thematic analysis revealed four major themes of local poets' role in promoting peace. These themes are; firstly, the poets highlighted the miseries of the conflict situation in their poetry. Secondly, they attempted to give voice to the sighs of oppressed and voiceless people. Thirdly, they resisted the increasing oppression. Finally, they preached peace and resisted violence
Implications: It is concluded that poetry is an effective tool for promoting peace which should be used by peacebuilding organizations and government agencies working for peace in a conflict context
Effect of Family Pressure, Peer Pressure, and Media Pressure on Body Image Dissatisfaction among Women
No full textABSTRACT
In the current decades, family-pressure, peer-pressure, and media-pressureare playing a vital role in leadingto body image dissatisfaction among working women.
Purpose:The main objective of the current study was to find out the effect of family-pressure, peer-pressure and media-pressure on body image dissatisfaction among working women. Design/Methodology/Approach:The research was based on a cross-sectional survey. The sample consisted of 250 working women. Sociocultural Attitude toward Appearance Questionnaire and Body Dissatisfaction Scalewere used for data collection.
Findings:Multiple Regression analysis was applied to test the hypothesis. The findings indicated that family-pressure has a positive effect on body image dissatisfaction. The findings indicated that peer-pressure has a positive effect on body image dissatisfaction. . The findings indicated that media-pressure has a positive effect on body image dissatisfaction.
Implications/Originality/Value:
The findings empirically established the impact of family-pressure, peer-pressure and media-pressure on body image dissatisfaction among working women.
 
Illiteracy: A Source of Women Compensation (Sangchatti) for Settlement of Tribal Clashes. A Case Study of District Khairpur
No full textPurpose: The objective of the study was to analyze illiteracy as a source of women as compensation for settlement tribal clashes in District Khairpur, Sindh Pakistan. The present study was conducted in a rural area of District Khairpur.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The Data were collected through a questionnaire from the victims of Parents, brothers, and blood relatives of women. A sample size of 460 was randomly selected. Using techniques of descriptive statistics, reliability, and regression analysis to find out the relationship between Illiteracy and women as compensation (Sangchatti). All techniques were performed in SPSS 25.0 version for the data analysis.
Findings: Illiteracy is a societal problem, which has unfavorable effects on the overall living conditions of tribal individuals. The high illiteracy ratio is one of the causes of tribal clashes and women as compensation for settlement disputes. Moreover, Illiteracy and women as compensation (Sangchatti) have a significant relationship among them. When they are having their businesses, in such cases as well, when they are literate, they will be able to render a significant contribution to achieving personal and professional goals. There are various causes of illiteracy, which are experienced by tribal individuals.
Implications/Originality/Value: The study indicated that despite the provision of resources for their education, people had strong reservations about educating their females because of the tribal structure, their fear of Wadera, and their acceptance of their involvement in decision-making.  
Impact of Taxation on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
No full textPurpose: Governments rely on taxes, but a high tax rate can slow economic growth. Fiscal policy objectives can be achieved most effectively by lowering tax collection costs and boosting economic growth through efficient taxation. This study aims to find the impact of tax revenue on Pakistan's economic growth.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The time series dataset spanning 1985–2021 is used for the current analysis. GDP is used as the dependent variable, while tax revenue and other fiscal policy variables like government spending, inflation, gross fixed capital formation and current account balance are used as the explanatory variables. The stationarity of the data is checked using the ADF test. The results of the ARDL bound test, which is used to determine whether there is a long-term link between the variables and a short-term relationship, indicate a long-term relationship.
Findings: Current analysis reveals that tax revenue and inflation have a negative and significant impact while government expenditures and gross fixed capital formation have a positive and significant impact on the economic growth of Pakistan.
Implications/Originality/Value: According to the study's results, Pakistan's government should ensure that tax rates are set at the right level to bring in enough money to pay for government spending that helps the economy grow
Terrorism and the Performance of Journalists in Balochistan
No full textPurpose: Freedom of speech and freedom of the press is generally attributed to an independent society where the basic rights of citizens are ensured. Balochistan, the western and resources rich province of Pakistan with its huge geopolitical importance has been under a strong wave of terrorism for the last two decades. This menace of terrorism has severely affected citizens of the province including media workers.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This research endeavor is an attempt to explore the impact of terrorism on the performance of media professionals in Balochistan. The study is based on the Hierarchy of Influence model which provides ground to explore the influence of terrorism. In this quantitative study, the researchers employing the systematic sampling technique have selected 50 media professionals out of 194 registered journalists of five press clubs; Quetta, Chaman, Noshki, Mastung, and Loralai.
Findings: The survey findings show that terrorism has badly affected the quality of their reporting. The study also reveals that objective journalism is hard to follow in the province by journalists as they are always threatened not only by terrorists but also by the law enforcement agencies to mold the reports in their favor.
Implications/Originality/Value The findings also indicate that terrorism has also affected journalists’ personal lives
Impact of Export Sophistication on Trade Diversification: The Mediating Role of Participation in Global Value Chains
No full textPurpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the nonlinear impact of export sophistication on trade diversification under the influence of participation in global value chains (GVCs) in a panel of countries.
Design/Methodology/Approach: For this, the current study constructed a panel of 105 economies covering the period 2011-2018. For empirical analysis, this study applies the static panel threshold test proposed by Hansen (1999).
Findings: According to the results of this study, export sophistication and participation in global value chains have a positive association with trade diversification. In addition, this study finds two thresholds of participation in GVCs that divide the impact of export sophistication on trade diversification into “lower regime”, “moderate regime”, and “upper regime”. The “upper regime” corresponds to the largest value of the coefficient of export sophistication followed by “moderate regime” and “lower regime” respectively. Therefore, the impact of export sophistication on trade diversification is nonlinear.
Implications/Originality/Value: Therefore, this study suggests that countries should produce sophisticated products and increase their participation in global value chains.  
Value Relevance of Financial Information in Malaysian Listed Firms: Real Earnings Management’s Perspective
No full textPurpose: This study investigates the value relevance of financial information i.e., earnings (EPS), the book value of equity (BVE), and cash flow from operations (CFO). The study further investigates the influence of real EPS management (REM) on the value relevance of financial information because firms are now switching toward real earnings management rather than accrual-based earnings management (ABEM).
Methodology: A sample of 250 public listed companies was used to test the hypotheses over the period 2014-2018. Using Driscoll-Kraay regression.
Findings: This study finds that earnings, the book value of equity, and cash flow from operations are value relevant, and real earnings management moderates the value relevance of EPS, book value of equity, and cash flow from operations.
Implications: This study has specific policy implications for regulators to push auditors to detect real earnings management to improve the value relevance of financial information