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Arho – The Afar Salt Trade of Northeastern Ethiopia
No full text“Arho – The Afar Salt Trade of North-eastern Ethiopia” follows the journey of a camel caravan to the salt plains of the Afar Depression. Traditionally the caravans moved from Afar Depression to other parts of Ethiopia and to the Red Sea coastal regions of modern-day Eritrea and Djibouti. For centuries the control, trade and distribution of salt was of primary importance in the articulation of economic, social, and political life of the nomadic communities living along the caravan trails. Since 2010, trucks have slowly replaced the camel caravans. This has led to a steady decline in the trade. The film, relying on strong visual imagery and traditional Afar music, selected by the participant of this project, documents how the decline of this trade affects the daily life of the communities in Berahle district of North-eastern Ethiopia. The documentary is part of PhD project at the Department of Anthropology and Sociology at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University London. It is based on 13 months ethnographic research (2017-2018) that combines anthropological theory with ethnographic filmmaking to explore new and creative ways of collaborative research
Leben in “Turbulence”: Reflections on a Therapeutic Theatre Performance
No full textThis paper explores a Black music therapist’s experience within Turbulence, a therapeutic performance piece developed by Black and brown creative arts therapists and theatre artists in the Greater New York City area. The author shares her own personal experiences and reactions as a participant, process actor, musician, and music therapist within this group process. An examination of the integration of music within the performance will also be shared, particularly in terms of how certain music traditions can be used to elevate the expression of those with identities that have been historically marginalized. Additionally, this paper explores how social identity-based affinity groups supported by a creative process can decrease feelings of isolation and bolster a sense of empowerment amongst BPOC-identifying creative arts therapists.Questo articolo esplora l\u27esperienza di una musicoterapista nera all\u27interno di Turbulence, una performance terapeutica sviluppata da terapisti di arti creative e artisti teatrali neri e mulatti, nell\u27area della Greater New York City. L\u27autrice condivide le proprie esperienze e reazioni personali in qualità di partecipante, attore di processo, musicista e musicoterapista all\u27interno di questo processo di gruppo. Verrà inoltre condivisa una valutazione dell\u27integrazione della musica all\u27interno della performance, in particolare nei termini di come determinate tradizioni musicali possano essere utilizzate per elevare l\u27espressione di coloro le cui identità sono storicamente emarginate. Inoltre, l’articolo esplora come gruppi di affinità basati sull\u27identità sociale e supportati da un processo creativo, possano diminuire sentimenti di isolamento e rafforzare un senso di empowerment fra terapisti delle arti creative identificati BPOC.
Abstract
Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Erfahrung einer Schwarzen Musiktherapeutin mit Turbulance. Turbulance ist ein therapeutisches Stück der Performance Art, entwickelt von künstlerischen TherapeutInnen und Theatermachern, die sich als Schwarz oder Personen of Color identifizieren, im Großraum von New York City. Die Autorin teilt ihre persönlichen Erfahrungen und Reaktionen als Teilnehmerin, Darstellerin, Musikerin und Musiktherapeutin im Gruppenprozess. Desweitern findet eine Untersuchung der Integration von Musik innerhalb der Performance statt. Der Blick liegt besonders auf den musikalischen Traditionen und inwiefern diese während des Gruppenprozesses genutzt werden können, um den Ausdruck derer zu erhöhen, deren Identitäten in der Vergangenheit marginalisiert wurden. Darüber hinaus untersucht dieser Artikel wie künstlerische TherapeutInnen, die sich als Schwarz oder Personen of Colour identifzieren, in identitätsbasierten Gruppen durch einen kreativen Prozess Isolationsgefühle verringern und Selbstermächtigung erlangen können.  
Pragmatic annotation of a domain-restricted English-Spanish comparable corpus
No full textThis paper explores the multi-layer annotation of a written domain-restricted English-Spanish comparable corpus (CLANES – Controlled LANguage English Spanish), focusing on pragmatic annotation. The annotation scheme draws on part of speech tagging and a semantic annotation scheme, i.e. the UCREL Semantic Analysis System, with some added categories to fit the food-and-drink domain represented in CLANES. These are used to build significant (pragmatic) metapatterns. Seven different pragmatic functions have been identified in our corpus, namely <STATE>, <DIRECT>, <SUGGEST>, <RECOMMEND>, <PRAISE>, <EVIDENCE> and <RELATE TO READER>. Computer scripts translate this linguistic information into regular expressions to be used in unsupervised annotation. Partial results indicate that applying lexical restrictors boosts the success rate considerably. However, metadata is preferred because of increased replicability and generality. Replicability issues and limitations encountered during testing are also addressed
The World has not Changed
No full textThe Pèrè people is a ethnic group who lives on the Pere plains. Their territory is divided by the Nigerian Cameroonian border. Their traditions are threatened of desperation by a strong islamization process and by migration into the cities. At the regional radio station CRTV Adamaoua, in Northern Cameroon, do they have redaction on various local languages. This film follows of the Pèrè redaction and its work to take care of the traditions of its people and to facilitate communication between its people and the modern world. The film is shot on SD (DV-CAM).
 
Theoretical Perspectives and Therapeutic Approaches in Music Therapy with Families: An International Survey Study
No full textProspettive teoriche e approcci terapeutici nella musicoterapia con le famiglie: un’indagine di studio internazionale
Abstract
Nella storia della loro professione, i musicoterapisti hanno descritto l\u27importanza di lavorare in collaborazione con i membri delle famiglie in varie popolazioni. Nonostante la crescente quantità di letteratura, non si ha abbastanza conoscenza sulla portata di prospettive teoriche e approcci terapeutici che guidano la musicoterapia incentrata sulla famiglia. Lo scopo di questa indagine di studio internazionale era comprendere meglio prospettive e approcci professionali dei musicoterapisti che lavorano con le famiglie di tutto il mondo. L’articolo presenta i risultati del sondaggio in cui sono state analizzate in totale 125 risposte. Le risposte dei partecipanti hanno indicato che la musicoterapia con le famiglie è ben consolidata come importante campo di pratica, il quale include una vasta gamma di popolazioni nel corso della vita. I musicoterapisti che lavorano con le famiglie sottolineano che il lavoro è olistico e flessibile, sia in termini di approcci teorici che informano il loro lavoro, sia di metodi e tecniche incluse nelle sessioni. I partecipanti a questo studio hanno sostenuto ulteriori opportunità di sviluppo professionale continuo, al fine di approfondire la loro pratica. Inoltre, i dati dell\u27indagine offrono priorità e raccomandazioni per ricerche future.Perspectivas teóricas y enfoques terapéuticos en musicoterapia con familias: un estudio de encuesta internacional
Resumen
Los musicoterapeutas han descrito la importancia de trabajar en colaboración con los miembros de la familia en varias poblaciones a lo largo de la historia de la profesión. A pesar de la creciente cantidad de literatura, no se sabe lo suficiente sobre el alcance de las perspectivas teóricas y los enfoques terapéuticos que guían la musicoterapia centrada en la familia. El objetivo de este estudio de encuesta internacional fue comprender mejor las perspectivas y enfoques profesionales de los musicoterapeutas que trabajan con familias de todo el mundo. Este artículo presenta los resultados de la encuesta donde se analizaron un total de 125 respuestas. Las respuestas de los participantes indicaron que la musicoterapia con familias está bien establecida como un campo de práctica importante que incluye una amplia gama de poblaciones a lo largo de la vida.
Los musicoterapeutas que trabajan con familias enfatizan que el trabajo es holístico y flexible, tanto en términos de los enfoques teóricos que informan su trabajo como de los métodos / técnicas que se incluyen en las sesiones. Los participantes en este estudio abogaron por más oportunidades de desarrollo profesional continuo para profundizar y desarrollar aún más su práctica. Además, los datos de la encuesta ofrecen prioridades y recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.Music therapists have described the importance of working collaboratively with family members in various populations throughout the history of the profession. Despite the growing amount of literature, not enough is known regarding the scope of theoretical perspectives and therapeutic approaches that guide family centered music therapy. The aim of this international survey study was to better understand the professional perspectives and approaches of music therapists who work with families around the world. This article presents the results of the survey where a total of 125 responses were analysed. Participants’ responses indicated that music therapy with families is well established as an important field of practice that includes a large range of populations across the life span. Music therapists working with families emphasise that the work is holistic and flexible, both in terms of the theoretical approaches that inform their work and the methods/techniques that are included in sessions. The participants in this study advocated for more continuing professional development opportunities to further deepen and develop their practice. In addition, the survey data offers priorities and recommendations for future research.家庭音乐治疗的理论视角与治疗方法：一项国际调查研究
摘要
音乐治疗师描述了在整个职业史上与不同人群中的家庭成员合作的重要性。尽管有越来越多的相关文献，但对于指导以家庭为中心的音乐治疗理论观点和治疗方法的范围知之甚少。这项国际调查研究的目的是为了更好地了解世界各地与家庭合作的音乐治疗师的专业观点和方法。本文分析了125份调查问卷的结果。参与者的答复表明，与家庭一起进行音乐治疗是一个重要的实践领域，包括了大量的跨越整个生命周期的人群。与家庭一起工作的音乐治疗师强调，无论是从指导他们工作的理论方法，还是从治疗中包含方法/技巧来看，这项工作都是全面和灵活的。本研究的参与者主张，应提供更多持续的专业发展机会，从而进一步深化和发展他们的实践工作。此外，调查数据为今后的研究提供了优先考虑事项和建议。
Theoretische Perspektiven und therapeutische Ansätze der Musiktherapie mit Familien: Eine internationale Umfragestudie
Abstract
Musiktherapeut:innen haben in der Geschichte ihres Berufes schon seit jeher die Wichtigkeit von der Zusammenarbeit mit Angehörigen betont. Obwohl ein Anstieg der Literatur zu diesem Thema zu verzeichnen ist, ist nicht genug bekannt über die Bandbreite der theoretischen Perspektiven und therapeutischen Ansätze, die die familienzentrierte Musiktherapie bestimmen. Das Ziel dieser internationalem Umfragestudie war es, berufliche Perspektiven und Ansätze von Musiktherapeut:innen, die rund um den Globus mit Familien arbeiten, besser zu verstehen. Der Artikel zeigt die Ergebnisse der Umfrage auf. 125 Antworten wurden hierfür analysiert. Die Antworten der Teilnehmer:innen weisen darauf hin, dass die musiktherapeutische Arbeit mit Familien in der Praxis bereits ein sehr etabliertes Feld ist. Es bezieht eine weite Spanne von Personen jeden Alters ein. Musiktherapeut:innen, die mit Familien arbeiten, unterstreichen ausdrücklich die Flexibilität und Ganzheitlichkeit ihrer Arbeit; sowohl in Bezug auf die theoretischen Ansätze, auf denen ihre Arbeit gründet, als auch in Bezug auf die angewandten musiktherapeutischen Methoden. Die Teilnehmer:innen der Studie plädieren dafür, dass auch weiterhin Angebote für die berufliche Weiterentwicklung angeboten werden, um ihre Arbeit zu vertiefen und weiterzuentwickeln. Zusätzlich zu alldem bieten die Umfragedaten Prioritäten und Vorschläge für zukünftige Forschung
Representation Matters but is Not Enough
No full textLa representación importa pero no es suficiente
Resumen
Esta es la Editorial.摘要
这是篇社论EditorialLa rappresentazione è importante, ma non basta
Questo è l’editoriale.Repräsentanz ist wichtig, aber nicht genug
Abstract
Dies ist das Editorial
Esplorare un intervento basato sulla musica intitolato "Portrait Song" nella musicoterapia per la scuola: L\u27approccio basato sulla canzone di Stella Lerner
No full textSongwriting has gained footing as one of the main approaches in music therapy. Many of the publications focus on various techniques whereby children and adults are assisted, individually or in groups, to create songs collaboratively. This study explored a non-collaborative song-based intervention entitled "Portrait Song"; namely, an original song composed by the therapist for and about specific recipients as a therapeutic tool. The "Portrait Song" intervention was initiated and implemented by Ms. Stella Lerner, an Israeli music therapist and composer. Two specific aims were set for the study: (1) to explore the nature of the "Portrait Song" practice as a means for school music therapy; and (2) to examine the effect of the "Portrait Song" intervention on students\u27 outcomes. The author/researcher acted as an outside observer, evaluating the "Portrait Song" intervention and the students\u27 experiences in two schools in Israel, which provide music therapy programs for children possessing a broad range of disorders. Data included field notes compiled during class observations, extensive interviews with the therapist, and examination of musical scores and written material. The study showed that the "Portrait Songs" intervention guided participants to higher levels of social adjustment, refined physical skills, and assisted with areas of self-identity and self-efficacy. Lerner\u27s innovative "Portrait Song" intervention can give music therapists some perspectives about the possibility and benefits of composing complete therapeutic songs (lyrics and music) for and about specific clients in school settings.
Japanese abstract:
学校での音楽療法における「ポートレートソング」という音楽ベース介入の検討
ステラ ラーナーのソングベイスドアプローチ
リヴカ・エルコシ
要旨
ソングライティングは、音楽療法の主要なアプローチ法の一つとして不動の立場を得ている。多くの出版物が様々なテクニックを紹介しており、それは子どもや大人が（個人でもグループでも）共同で曲を作る手助けとなっている。この研究では、「ポートレートソング」（セラピストによって療法的なツールとして特定の対象者のために作られたオリジナルソング）と名付けられた非共同的なソングベイスドの介入について検討している。この「ポートレートソング」の介入方法は、イスラエルの音楽療法士であり作曲者でもあるステララーナーによって開発、実践された。研究の目的は次の2点である。（１）学校における音楽療法の手段としてポートレートソングの特徴を探ること、（２）学生の事後変化に対するポートレートソング介入の影響を探ること。研究者/著者は、幅広い障害を抱えた子供たちに対して音楽療法がおこなわれているイスラエルの2つの学校に外部オブザーバーとして入り、「ポートレートソング介入」と、学生の経験を評価した。データには、授業観察期間に集めたフィールドノート（観察記録）、広範囲に及ぶセラピストへのインタビュー、楽譜や書かれた素材の調査が含まれる。研究では、「ポートレートソング」介入が対象者の社会適応レベルを引き上げ、身体的スキルを高め、また自己効力感やアイデンティティの領域でも支援した、と示された。ラーナーの革新的な「ポートレートソング」介入法は、音楽療法士に、学校環境で特定のクライエントのために療法的ソング（歌詞や曲）を作曲することの利点や可能性に視点をいくつか与えることができるだろう。
キーワード：ソングライティング、学校での音楽療法、作曲、学校エスノグラフィー、音楽ベースの介入La composición de canciones se ha consolidado como uno de los principales enfoques de la musicoterapia. Muchas de las publicaciones se centran en diversas técnicas mediante las cuales se ayuda a niños y adultos, individualmente o en grupo, a crear canciones de forma colaborativa. Este estudio exploró una intervención basada en canciones no colaborativa titulada "Canción de retrato"; es decir, una canción original compuesta por el terapeuta para y sobre destinatarios específicos como herramienta terapéutica. La intervención "Portrait Song" fue iniciada e implementada por la Sra. Stella Lerner, una musicoterapeuta y compositora israelí. Se establecieron dos objetivos específicos para el estudio: (1) explorar la naturaleza de la práctica de la "Canción de retrato" como un medio para la musicoterapia escolar; y (2) examinar el efecto de la intervención "Portrait Song" en los resultados de los estudiantes. El autor / investigador actuó como observador externo, evaluando la intervención "Canción de retrato" y las experiencias de los estudiantes en dos escuelas en Israel, que brindan programas de musicoterapia para niños que poseen una amplia gama de trastornos. Los datos incluyeron notas de campo compiladas durante las observaciones de la clase, entrevistas extensas con el terapeuta y examen de partituras musicales y material escrito. El estudio mostró que la intervención de "Canciones de retrato" guió a los participantes a niveles más altos de adaptación social, refinó las habilidades físicas y ayudó con áreas de autoidentidad y autoeficacia. La innovadora intervención "Portrait Song" de Lerner puede brindar a los musicoterapeutas algunas perspectivas sobre la posibilidad y los beneficios de componer canciones terapéuticas completas (letras y música) para y sobre clientes específicos en entornos escolares.歌曲创作已经成为音乐治疗的主要方法之一。许多出版物侧重于各种帮助儿童和成人的个体或集体的歌曲创作技巧。本研究探讨了一种非合作性的以歌曲为基础的干预方法，名为“肖像歌曲”，是治疗师为特定接受者创作的原创歌曲，并将其作为治疗工具。“肖像歌曲”干预由以色列音乐治疗师和作曲家斯特拉·勒纳女士开创并实施。该研究设定了两个具体目标：⑴ 探索“肖像歌曲”作为学校音乐治疗手段的本质；（2）检验“肖像歌曲”干预对学生成绩的影响。作者/研究人员担任外部观察者，评估以色列两所学校的“肖像歌曲”干预和学生体验，为患有广泛疾病的儿童提供音乐治疗方案。数据包括课堂观察期间编辑的现场笔记、对治疗师的大量采访，以及对乐谱和书面材料的检查。研究表明，“肖像歌曲”干预能够引导参与者进行更高水平的社会适应，改善身体技能，并与自我认同和自我效能领域相结合。勒纳创新的“肖像歌曲”干预可以让音乐治疗师了解为学校环境中的特定来访者创作完整治疗性歌曲（歌词和音乐）的可能性和好处。Il Songwriting è affermato come uno dei principali approcci nella musicoterapia. Molte delle pubblicazioni si concentrano su varie tecniche con cui bambini e adulti sono assistiti, individualmente o in gruppo, per creare canzoni in modo collaborativo. Questo studio ha esplorato un intervento basato sulla canzone, intitolato "Portrait Song", di tipo non-collaborativo, vale a dire una canzone originale composta dal terapeuta per e su destinatari specifici come strumento terapeutico. L\u27intervento "Portrait Song" è stato avviato e realizzato dalla signora Stella Lerner, musicoterapeuta e compositrice israeliana. Per lo studio sono stati fissati due obiettivi specifici: (1) esplorare la natura della pratica della "canzone-ritratto" come mezzo per la musicoterapia ella scuola; e (2) esaminare l\u27effetto dell\u27intervento "Portrait Song" sui risultati degli studenti. L\u27autore/ricercatore ha agito come osservatore esterno, valutando l\u27intervento "Portrait Song" e le esperienze degli studenti in due scuole in Israele, le quali forniscono programmi di musicoterapia per bambini affetti da una vasta gamma di disturbi. I dati includevano note sul campo compilate durante le osservazioni in classe, ampie interviste con il terapeuta e l\u27esame di spartiti musicali e materiale scritto. Lo studio ha mostrato che l\u27intervento "Portrait Songs" ha guidato i partecipanti a livelli più elevati di adattamento sociale, abilità motorie fini, e ha aiutato le aree di autoidentità e autoefficacia. L\u27innovativo intervento "Portrait Song" di Lerner può dare ai musicoterapisti alcune prospettive sulla possibilità e sui benefici di comporre canzoni terapeutiche complete (testi e musica) per e su clienti specifici in contesti scolastici
Rezension von Adrian Dunns The Black Messiah
No full textAbstract
Das Album The Black Messiah ist eine klangliche Meditation über das Leben der Schwarzen, die sich mit der Geschichte des antischwarzen Rassismus in den USA auseinandersetzt. Das Album zeigt eine starke Gruppe von schwarzen Künstlern und kombiniert verschiedene Genres wie Gospel, Rap, Jazz und Oper. The Black Messiah bietet ein Gegenstück zu Georg Händels Messias und eine zeitgemäße Antwort auf die Black Lives Matter-Proteste im Sommer 2020. The Black Messiah album is a sonic meditation on Black life that confronts the histories of anti-Black racism in the U.S. Showcasing a powerful group of Black artists, the album combines multiple genres including gospel, rap, jazz and opera. The Black Messiah offers a counter to George Handel’s Messiah and a timely response to the Black Lives Matter protests of summer 2020
Interview-Transkript von Black Music Matters und dem Black Messiah Album: Ein Interview mit Adrian Dunn
No full textAbstract
In einem Audio-Interview bespricht Adrian Dunn sein Album The Black Messiah mit Leah Gipson und Marisol Norris. Als Kommentar zum religiösen Leben in den USA wurde die Musik erstmals in dem Jahr aufgeführt, in dem Donald Trump zum Präsidenten gewählt wurde - als Widerstand gegen den vorherrschenden, weißen, christlichen Nationalismus und gegen Hassreden. Dunn versuchte, diese Geschichte in einem Album zu bewahren. Dunn erklärt, dass The Black Messiah die Befreiung und Gerechtigkeit der Schwarzen bestärkt und sieht die Verantwortung dafür bei jedem einzelnen als das Werk der humanen Gemeinschaft. Die Diskussion reflektiert über amerikanische Musiktraditionen, Narrative, schwarze Spiritualität und eine integrale Beziehung zwischen Musik und Freiheit. In an audio interview, Adrian Dunn, discusses his album, The Black Messiah, with Leah Gipson and Marisol Norris. As a commentary on religious life in the U.S., the music was initially performed the year that Donald Trump was elected president in resistance to dominant, white Christian nationalism and hate speech. Dunn sought to preserve this history in an album. Dunn explains that The Black Messiah affirms Black liberation and justice, and situates responsibility with all persons as the work of a shared humanity. The discussion reflects on American musical traditions, narratives, Black spirituality, and an integral relationship between music and freedom