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The Brick Mule
No full textThis observational anthrozoological ethnographic film documents the lives of Nepal\u27s working mules. The film finds a closeness with the mules; their sale in India, their journey to Nepal and their work in the huge brick factories of the Kathmandu valley and portering goods into the high Himalayas. Stunning cinematography and a crafted soundscape paint a moving portrait of Nepal\u27s brick mules and the people who make their living with them. Honest, but non-judgemental, the film gives a unique insight into hardship of life for people and equines alike. Yet underlying questions about humanity and our relationship with animals underpin the film.
This film formed part of a community project using Paulo Freire’s ‘critical consciousness’ (Freire, 1978) theory, involving self-reflection and transformation, leading to changes in knowledge, attitudes and behaviours that ultimately improved equine wellbeing. The theoretical underpinnings and project outcomes can be further explored through an open access paper published in Visual Studies journal.
Navigating an Internship at a Residential Education and Medical Centre in Rural Kenya: Reflections of a Music Therapy Student
No full textLittle has been written from the perspective of a Kenyan student completing a music therapy internship at a mental rehabilitation institution in rural Kenya. At the time of writing this essay, music therapy was still not recognized as a profession in Kenya. This observation inspired me to fill a knowledge gap, encourage students to share their own experiences, and in the process, encourage aspiring music therapist students pioneering in other parts of Africa. I have divided my learnings into five themes based on my reflexive notes: (1) Mindset: Something out of nothing, (2) A staggered internship, (3) Transferring theory to practice, (4) Navigating workplace culture, and (5) Cultural sensitivity and musical multicultural competence. I advise the reader to take into consideration that these are my thoughts as a student undergoing a transformation. The essay not only describes my journey as an intern, but also provides me with a template for further reflections in my work as a music therapist. Compiling this essay has taught me that words on paper carry significant weight and have the ability to bring resolution to a problem or propagate it further. Through the internship, I came to learn that it is the role of music therapists to see beyond adversity; ignite hope where there is despair, and hold on to a future of possibilities
Peace Camp: Reflections on Community Music Therapy and Conflict Transformation
No full textCommunity Music Therapy (COMT) is a development increasingly referenced and often nebulous in the field of music therapy. Depending on its description in the literature, COMT seems to be situated between an aspiration to stretch beyond boundaries of the ‘consensus model’ and serve atypical populations, and a working practical approach with clear guidelines. Curiosity around this phenomenon inspired an initial inquiry by the author into potential theoretical underpinnings to provide context and definition for its aims, namely critical theory. Through identifying the links between CoMT, critical theory/psychology, and conflict transformation–the approach utilized in modern peacekeeping–the author hoped to inspire more intentional efforts by music therapists working at the convergence of those ideas. This research culminated in the author’s master’s thesis, a critical review and attempted integration of these topics, in 2018. This article aspires to build upon that research by remapping the knowledge gained onto the experiences that catalyzed the inquiry. Through vignettes and commentary, the author uses a reflexive, critical lens to examine his tenure as a music counselor at Seeds of Peace Camp, a conflict transformation camp. By re-examining trial-by-fire moments and their aftermath, the author identifies relevant research in the aforementioned fields that may have enhanced or explained participant responses. This serves to broaden the collective understanding of the overlapping goals and practices of CoMT, critical theory/psychology and conflict transformation
Applying Integral Thinking to Music Therapy Education
No full textEducating music therapy students is a complex task as a result of laws and regulations, professional biases, and a desire to produce students who will be competent and thoughtful music therapists. The purpose, or outcome, of this article is to outline a curriculum re-design implementing Integral Thinking in Music Therapy (ITMT) as applied to the academic and clinical aspects of two university music therapy training programs in the United States. The history and philosophy of ITMT are explained to give context to this approach. An overview of the innovative curriculum design and teaching resources are included for direct implementation of experiences into the classroom. Recommendations include the uses of ITMT in music therapy education as well as possible limitations to this pedagogical approach
Die Erfahrung von Authentizität in drei Musikdisziplinen: Musiktherapie, Musikunterricht und Musikaufführung
No full textAcross music disciplines, authenticity has been referred to in various ways. Within music therapy and music teaching, only sparsely has it been discussed focusing on the intrapersonal aspects of authenticity. This study seeks to explore and understand authenticity as experienced and expressed by three music professionals practicing within the areas of music therapy, music teaching, and music performance, the goal being primarily to deepen, enrich, and understand the authenticity experience to possibly benefit professionals and their clients, students, and audiences. Three music professionals holding various professional backgrounds were selected based on their assumed ability to reflect on this rather philosophical topic. Preparatory materials were sent out to participants prior to conducting two semi-structured interviews – 1 solo interview and 1 group interview. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed through a thematic coding analysis revealing four meta themes: 1) paradoxes in language and action, 2) imbalance and inauthenticity, 3) roles, relationships, masks, and 4) the field of authenticity. Findings were discussed with chosen theory synthesizing the experience of authenticity as being associated with several interconnected elements: relationship (with self and others), role (self-chosen and assigned), context (role fits the context), professionalism (having skills needed, letting go of control), and personality (transparent persona).In den verschiedenen Musikdisziplinen wird der Begriff der Authentizität auf unterschiedliche Weise verwendet. In der Musiktherapie und im Musikunterricht wurde sie nur spärlich diskutiert, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den intrapersonellen Aspekten der Authentizität lag. In dieser Studie wird versucht, Authentizität zu erforschen und zu verstehen, wie sie von drei Musikfachleuten, die in den Bereichen Musiktherapie, Musikunterricht und Musikperformance tätig sind, erlebt und ausgedrückt wird. Das Ziel besteht in erster Linie darin, die Authentizitätserfahrung zu vertiefen, zu bereichern und zu verstehen, damit Fachleute und ihre Klient:innen, Schüler:innen und Zuhörende davon profitieren können. Drei Musikfachleute mit unterschiedlichem beruflichem Hintergrund wurden aufgrund ihrer vermuteten Fähigkeit, über dieses eher philosophische Thema zu reflektieren, ausgewählt. Vor der Durchführung von zwei halbstrukturierten Interviews - einem Einzelinterview und einem Gruppeninterview - wurde den Teilnehmenden vorbereitendes Material zugesandt. Die Interviews wurden transkribiert und mittels einer thematischen Kodierung analysiert. Durch die Analyse konnten vier Metathemen identifiziert werden: 1) Paradoxien in Sprache und Handeln, 2) Ungleichgewicht und Unauthentizität, 3) Rollen, Beziehungen, Masken und 4) das Feld der Authentizität. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit einer ausgewählten Theorie diskutiert, die die Erfahrung von Authentizität mit mehreren miteinander verbundenen Elementen in Verbindung bringt: Beziehung (zu sich selbst und zu anderen), Rolle (selbst gewählt und zugewiesen), Kontext (die Rolle passt zum Kontext), Professionalität (über die erforderlichen Fähigkeiten verfügen, die Kontrolle loszulassen) und Persönlichkeit (transparente Persona)
Characteristics of cliff nest sites of Golden Eagles in forested hills of southeast Norway
Full text linkCover photo: Adult Golden Eagle. Photo: Kristian Henriksen.
The characteristics of cliff nest sites of the Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos were evaluated from a sample of 57 nests, located during 2000–2020 in the forested valley of Valdres in southeast Norway. About 80% of nests were facing to the south and east, but availability of nest ledges seemed largely a consequence of cliff structure and orientation. Among the 57 nest sites, 4% were placed in a corner with vertical walls, 33% on a ledge with overhang, 10% on a ledge with a vertical back wall, 2% on a ledge with a reclining wall, 49% within a cavity and 2% within a cave. Thus, about 83% of the nest sites were sheltered by an overhang, a cavity or a cave in the cliff within 0.5–2 meters from the nest, and only 16% of sites lacked shelter from above. Heavy snowfall in early spring, torrential rain or strong winds in spring and summer may increase mortality among the nestlings unless the nest site is well sheltered. Moreover, a dry and snowless nest may allow the eagles to start early incubation in late March, thereby increasing fledgling survival. Cavitynests are sheltered sites with less visibility that might protect from attacks from other raptors and Ravens Corax corax
Holdbarhet av brød i ulike oppbevaringsmiljøer
Full text linkKunnskap om riktig oppbevaring av brød hjemme hos forbruker er et viktig ledd i arbeidet med å redusere matsvinn. I dag finnes det ingen entydige råd om hvordan forbruker skal oppbevare brød for best å ivareta kvaliteten på det. Denne forskningsoppgaven har sett på hvordan ulike vanlige oppbevaringsmiljøer påvirker fuktighet og muggdannelse i brød. Over en testperiode på tre uker ble det gjennomført kvantitativ analyse av vanlig kjøpebrød oppbevart i plastpose, perforert plastpose, papirpose og bomullspose i henholdsvis kjøleskap og romtemperert skap. Resultatene viser at med hensyn på faktorene fuktighet og muggdannelse har brød lengst holdbarhet når det oppbevares i perforert plastpose i kjøleskap. For alle emballasjetypene ble det påvist muggsopp, men i svært ulik grad. Analyser utført ved Veterinærinstituttet avdekket i alt fire typer muggsopp av slekten Penicillium
Tributary
No full textTributary is an experimental ethnographic film that traces the movement and harnessing of natural resources within the Icelandic landscape to support our digital lives.
Tributary explores covert, \u27black-boxed\u27 data centres (remote and highly secure sites) by tracking water and geothermal sources to the infrastructure required to power and house these physical locations of intensive computational processing.
Created from a combination of traditional and experimental field recording techniques made within Iceland and the UK, Tributary aims to problematise the notion of \u27green\u27 data centres. It showcases the intensive energy requirements required to prop up the digital infrastructure of contemporary life. These include cryptocurrency mining, cloud storage, digital image production and media streaming.
Kunstnerisk frihet og personvern : -Erfaringer fra bruk av dokumentaristisk materiale i tre produksjoner på Den Nationale Scene
Full text linkArtikkelen belyser og drøfter etiske dilemmaer knyttet til tre oppsetninger på Den National Scene i Bergen: Reksten – firmaets mann (2014), Vår Ære/ Vår makt (2016) og Kim F (2018).
De tre produksjonene refererte til kjente og virkelige mennesker og omhandlet tematikk med stor offentlig interesse. Spørsmålet er hvem som eier retten til et menneskes egen livsbeskrivelse. Hvor går ytringsfrihetens grenser for kunstnere som lager scenefiksjon som refererer til virkelige menneskers liv og inkorporerer dokumentarisk materiale i en forestilling?
Artikkelforgatteren var teatersjef på DNS fra 2012 til 2019 og reflekterer rundt sine egne erfaringer knyttet til debattene som forestillingene utløste. Artikkelen drøfter også forskjellen på scenekunst og jounalistikk og forankrer teatrets kunstneriske frihet i norsk kulturpolitikk. Diskusjonene som oppsto rundt de tre urpremierene illusterer hvordan friheten til å bruke biografisk materiale i en teaterproduksjon utvikles og testes gjennom en vedvarende diskusjon om kunstnerisk frihet, etikk og personvern