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Negative population trend of the Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus in an important wetland in southeastern Norway
Full text linkCover photo: Singing Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus at Årnestangen, Nordre Øyeren nature reserve. Photo: Øyvind Hagen.
The Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus is considered the most common of the five species of Emberiza buntings breeding in Norway and is currently listed as a species of Least Concern. However, a complete census of territorial male Reed Buntings conducted in the Nordre Øyeren nature reserve in 2019 showed a decline in the local breeding population of 67% compared to the last counts completed 40 years ago. Censuses were conducted in 1976 and 1981 in the same area and with the same methods. Analyses of citizen science data from the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre also show a similar decreasing trend (-66%) for the Reed Bunting breeding population in Nordre Øyeren from 1976 to 2019. Moreover, image analyses of the census maps show that that the number and density of Reed Bunting territories have decreased locally and probably has done so since early 1980s. Interestingly, a subset of localities within the survey area still have the same territory densities as the 1976 and 1981 censuses. We suggest that changes in habitat, vegetation and farming practice, especially grazing, could be the underlying cause of variation in bird numbers. Our results indicate a negative population trend for the Reed Bunting locally, a tendency that is also observed regionally in the Nordic countries. Taken together, local and regional declines raise concerns about the conservation status of the Reed Bunting in Norway
Regulating Criminal Unaccountability - From Concepts to Defensible Legal Standards
Full text linkModern criminal law is based on the premise that individuals possess the ability to take the responsibility to act in permissible ways and in accordance with the norms communicated by the penal code, and thus can be held accountable for their acts. There are, however, exceptions when this presumption is overridden. Young age and immaturity, severe mental disorder and disabilities, and consciousness disorders are across jurisdictions considered candidates to impair these capacities. The key legal doctrine of criminal insanity here concerns a defendant’s lack of capacity for responsible action and provides an excuse from criminal responsibility. In current criminal justice systems, this doctrine has been linked to concepts about mental disorder. The specific legal criteria vary across countries, but the reasons and justifications for this variation have not been sufficiently discussed. This article takes as a starting point that the law must transform concepts into concrete and applicable legal rules and standards. Thus, any system’s definitions and judgements about who is criminally unaccountable, must rely on proxies such as ‘mental disorder’. From this starting point, this paper discusses the transformation from concepts to possible alternatives of legal rules, with special attention to mental disorder as an excuse from criminal accountability and punishment.
Global Perspectives on Addressing Systemic Issues in Music Therapy Curricula and Healthcare
No full textThe discipline of music therapy is practiced differently across the globe and over the years, in all regions of the world, the number of music therapy training programs has expanded. As such, there is a need to reflect on the differences between education and training programs, which vary according to the local culture, educational needs, theoretical background, and scope, among others. Music therapists work in a variety of environments including hospitals, community centres, regular or special education schools, speciality clinics, private practice, and long-term care homes, etc. Music therapists are tasked with navigating policies in their workplaces and balancing the needs of their clients/consumers/service users. This article written together by educators and a student aims to present brief highlights of the work of the authors whose collaboration resulted in a presentation at the European Congress of Music Therapy in June 2022. This presentation focused on the challenges and issues faced by the discipline of music therapy and health in general, based on the analysis of systemic issues in education and training, social issues, and significant issues such as multiculturalism, equity, and race around the world. These were identified as important issues for the authors who desired to raise awareness on these topics to further open ongoing dialogue. Our aim is to contribute to the establishment of dialogues between music therapy educators, allied health professionals, researchers, and students for the implementation of new courses and the updating of existing programs, expanding views on possible music therapy interventions in contemporary times.
Acknowledgement
Marisol Norris and Hyun Ju Chong were also part of this working group, and we want to thank them for their contributions to our work.
Editorial note: This acknowledgement was unfortunately omitted from the version of record of the publication
Making Dementia Matter Through Sound: The Stem&Luister Project of the Genetic Choir
No full textThis paper investigates the working practices of the Genetic Choir and the “Stem&Luister” project, in which the ensemble uses voice, sound and improvisation to explore and develop ways of connecting with people with dementia, thereby seeking to improve the experience of care. Their musical sessions are multilayered. First, through listening they develop a sense of the people and the environment. Then through introducing their vocal practices, they breach the prevailing sonic regime. Second, through immersing the residents in sound-making and singing, they draw on the material and sensorial qualities of sound. This gives access to those who were difficult to reach and offers both an alternative means of communication and enables the recognition of selves. A third layer concerns the strategic use of improvisation, of which the deployment of “ensemble” and “instant composition” are analysed. Recognising the compositional efforts in improvisation shows their work to be a form of design. It facilitates attention to personhood, relations, and diversity. This specific practice appears as an untapped resource for the health and wellbeing of people with cognitive and speech impairments. Theoretically, the findings have implications for the notion of care and provide support from practice to existing neurological evidence of the significance of music as a fundamental faculty for survival and wellbeing
Memristive egenskaper i slimsoppen Badhamia utricularis
Full text linkMemristorer kan effektivisere og forbedre digitale prosesseringsenheter. En memristor er en elektrisk komponent der motstanden gjennom komponenten avhenger av den tidligere strømmengden som har gått igjennom den. Hypotesen var at slimsoppen har memristive egenskaper. Vi fikk slimsoppen Badhamia utricularis til å danne en bro mellom to elektroder,og det ble sendt strøm gjennom preparatet for å teste memristive egenskaper. Det ble gjort flere metodefunn knyttet til elektrodene og kapasitans. Av studien var det ikke mulig å bekrefte eller avkrefte memristive egenskaper. Videre forskning er nødvendig
Sjukepleie i Noreg frå kring 1950 og fram mot 2024: Avskilsførelesing av professor Jeanne Helene Boge
No full textLanguage Interpreters as Cultural Brokers in Music Therapy
No full textIn an increasingly linguistically diverse society, music therapists in the United States are working with individuals who may not speak the dominant English language (Davenport, 2024). It is important that music therapists collaborate with language interpreters when language discordance occurs, that is, when the music therapist and patient do not have a shared proficiency of the same language. There are many ways of working with interpreters, but the topic is not widely researched in the music therapy profession. In this reflection paper, I discuss the ways in which music therapists and language interpreters can collaborate, highlighting the importance of the cultural broker stance and inviting interpreters into the therapeutic space
In Memory of Rosemary Ganzert Fischer: Reflections and Inspirations
No full textDr. Rosemary Ganzert Fischer (1932-2021) was a pioneer of Canadian music therapy. She began the Bachelor of Music Therapy programme at Wilfrid Laurier University (WLU), Waterloo, Ontario in 1986. This article describes her contributions to Canadian music therapy. It also contains memories of our time working and teaching together and the inspirations we shared. Rosemary’s legacy to Canadian music therapy should be remembered. The dedication she brought to her work and teachings at WLU inspired a generation of music therapists who are now actively working and standing on the shoulders of her contributions to the field
Perspectivas Decoloniais da América Latina: Coordenadas Iniciais e Anúncio de Edição Especial
No full textEsta editorial contempla ciertas coordenadas para pensar las perspectivas decoloniales desde Latino America. Explora las nociones de dependencia academica, colonialismo epistemico y pensamiento situado como ejes dentro de la perspectiva decolonial. Asimismo, se extiende una invitacion a musicoterapeutas latinoamericanos para ser parte de una edición especial que será publicada en 2025. Por ultimo, se brinda una breve descripción de los artículos incluidos en esta edición de la revista.Este editorial contempla certas coordenadas para pensar sobre as perspectivas decoloniais da América Latina. Ele explora as noções de dependência acadêmica, colonialismo epistêmico e pensamento situado como eixos dentro da perspectiva decolonial. Também faz um convite aos musicoterapeutas latino-americanos para participarem de uma edição especial a ser publicada em 2025. Por fim, é apresentada uma breve descrição dos artigos incluídos nesta edição da revista.This editorial discusses specific coordinates for thinking about decolonial perspectives from Latin America. It explores the notions of academic dependence, epistemic colonialism and situated thought as axes within the decolonial perspective. It also extends an invitation to Latin American music therapists to participate in a special edition to be published in 2025. Lastly, a brief description of the articles included in this journal edition is provided.
Resumen
Este editorial contempla certas coordenadas para pensar sobre as perspectivas decoloniais da América Latina. Ele explora as noções de dependência acadêmica, colonialismo epistêmico e pensamento situado como eixos dentro da perspectiva decolonial. Também faz um convite aos musicoterapeutas latino-americanos para participarem de uma edição especial a ser publicada em 2025. Por fim, é apresentada uma breve descrição dos artigos incluídos nesta edição da revista.
Resumen
Esta editorial contempla ciertas coordenadas para pensar las perspectivas decoloniales desde Latino America. Explora las nociones de dependencia academica, colonialismo epistemico y pensamiento situado como ejes dentro de la perspectiva decolonial. Asimismo, se extiende una invitacion a musicoterapeutas latinoamericanos para ser parte de una edición especial que será publicada en 2025. Por ultimo, se brinda una breve descripción de los artículos incluidos en esta edición de la revista