Psychological Thought (Journal)
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REVIEW OF THE BOOK "THE POLYGRAPH METHOD - APPLICATION IN THE PROFESSIONAL SELECTION OF PERSONNEL" BY AUTHORS VELINA VLADIMIROVA AND EMELINA ZAIMOVA
Full text linkThe review presents the book "POLYGRAPHIC METHOD - Application in the Professional Selection of Personnel " by Velina Vladimirova and Emelina Zaimova. The authors demonstrate analytically and empirically that the polygraph method is the only scientific method for the detection of falsehoods and the identification of unfair practices in the professional past, along with other scientifically based technologies for the verification of claims. The scientific work proposed by Vladimirova and Zaimova makes it possible to develop a comprehensive concept of the stages of conduct and the problems faced by polygraph specialists.
STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DARK TRIAD AND AGGRESSION IN WOMEN, SENTENCED FOR VIOLENT CRIMES IN BULGARIAN PRISON
Full text linkThis article is devoted to a little-studied topic in criminal psychology - women who commit serious crimes. This study analyzes the relationship between the complex of personality traits “The Dark Triad” and Aggression and in correlation with the aggression sub-types such as physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. The study was conducted on delinquent women that were sentenced to prison for violent crimes, including murder. The participants were 30 female prisoners from Bulgarian women's prison, aged between 22 and 69 years, (M = 47,36, SD = 11.71). The instruments that were used in the research are the Bulgarian adaptation of the Dark Triad Questionnaire and the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Correlation analysis shows that there are significant relationships between scores on the scales of the Dark Triad questionnaire and general aggression. Dark Triad traits are significant predictors of all types of aggression, especially between psychopathic traits and physical aggression. Based on the findings of the study, it can be designed psycho-educational programs to prevent criminal behavior, and psycho-re-educational programs to improve the behavior of delinquent women
INVESTIGATING HISTORICAL TRAUMA PREVALENCE AND TRANSMISSION PATHWAYS AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS: CENTERING COMMUNITY WELLNESS PRACTICES
Full text linkExisting historical trauma studies have advanced important theoretical frameworks for understanding biopsychosocial effects observed among children of Holocaust survivors and contemporary Indigenous Peoples. This study used an existing application of historical trauma conceptualized as historical perceived loss and associated symptoms of that perceived loss such as grief, anger, sadness and depression to determine prevalence and correlates of historical loss among 129 African Americans aged 18 to over 65 from Illinois and Florida in the United States. The respondents also completed a survey to identify potential historical trauma transmission pathways. The results indicated respondents reported they thought about historical losses such as land, language, and spiritual ways at least yearly or at special times and sometimes or more had feelings or associated symptoms of historical loss such as sadness or depression or being uncomfortable around White people. Bivariate and multivariate correlational analyses showed significantly statistical differences between age and historical loss and associated symptoms where younger respondents had more frequent thoughts about historical loss and experienced more associated emotions, which was unexpected. A correlation was also found between occasionally hearing family stories of enslavement and discrimination and thoughts of historical los
REVIEW OF THE BOOK "PSYCHOANALYSIS IN BULGARIA UNTIL THE 40S OF THE 20TH CENTURY", WRITTEN BY ASSOC. PROF. STOIL MAVRODIEV, D.SC.
Full text linkThe review presents the book "Psychoanalysis in Bulgaria until the 1940s" authored by Assoc. Prof. Stoil Mavrodiev, PhD, which examines the creation and development of psychoanalysis in Bulgaria in the period from the 1920s to the 1940s. XX century. The study and analysis of the works of Bulgarian psychoanalysts from this period represents a significant contribution of the author to the study of Bulgarian psychoanalysis and its achievements
THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Full text linkThe usage of technologies, such as biofeedback and neurofeedback methods, are an attractive approach for all those looking for a different, non-invasive, drug-free therapy. Through these methods, the mental and emotional state of a person is influenced by means of a change in the physiological processes of the body. The article summarizes numerous studies of the relationship between biofeedback and the acquisition of new and desired behaviors. The main part of the research discussed is in the field of training a new psycho-physiological response in a stressful situation, as well as for dealing with anxiety and depressive symptoms. As a conclusion from the review of a numerous scientific studies, it emerges that the new way of responding is related to the value and importance that is attached to the stimulus. Thus, by changing the evaluation of the stimulus or the scheme for interpreting the stimulus, an emotional change is induced, which also leads to a new psycho-physiological response
MEASURING BOREDOM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to translate into Spanish and validate the Boredom Proneness Scale-Short (SBPS) in a sample of young people and adults in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 588 people between 17 and 53 years of age (M = 21.70; SD = 5.22) was selected as a sample. The methodology used combined Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Item Response Theory (IRT) to determine the internal structure, factor weights and reliability, which was estimated by means of the omega coefficient test information functioning and empirical or marginal reliability. Evidence of convergent validity of the SBPS was explored based on its relationship with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). Results reveal that the SBPS is a measure that should be interpreted uni-dimensionally. Reliability was excellent and convergence with the GAD-2 and PHQ-2 presented the expected relationship in both magnitude and direction.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-ESTEEM AND SELF-FORGIVENESS: UNDERSTANDING THE MEDIATING ROLE OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SELF-COMPASSION
Full text linkSelf-forgiveness (letting go of the feelings of victimization, resentment, and vengeance) is possibly shaped in its nature and extent by self-esteem and self-compassion, through various mechanisms. The latter two represent well-known affirmative self-resources with significant implications for life outcomes in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. However, the literature linking self-forgiveness and self-esteem is limited, and whether self-compassion mediates this relationship is not known. The present study addressed this gap by examining the mediating role of Positive and Negative Self-compassion (PSC NSC, respectively) in the relationship between Self-esteem and Self-forgiveness. Employing convenience sampling, 144 males (Mean age = 22.10 years, SD = 1.66 years) and 124 females (Mean age = 21.98 years, SD = 1.90 years) participants were chosen. Correlation and regression analyses along with the path analytic method were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that both Self-esteem and PSC significantly and positively correlated with the dimensions of self-forgiveness (except Guilt). NSC correlated positively with self-esteem but negatively with PSC. NSC significantly and negatively correlated with some self-forgiveness dimensions like Realization and Reparation, and Attribution but positively with the Guilt dimension. Both PSC and NSC significantly mediated the relationships among Self-esteem, Realization and Reparation, Guilt, and Attribution. Findings suggest the association between self-esteem and self-forgiveness could be explained by elevated PSC and reduced NSC, highlighting the coexistence and simultaneous functioning of both self-esteem and self-compassion in a collectivist culture like India, with more pronounced effects of the latter. Future studies should verify these preliminary correlational findings using diverse cross-cultural samples and methodology
GRATITUDE AND WELL-BEING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN IRAN: THE MODERATING ROLE OF RESILIENCE
Full text linkThe global pandemic has caused a great problem to the psychological well-being of people around the world. Iran is one of the most affected countries in pandemic situation. Resilience is the most common outcome after life-threatening events. In fact, studies have proven that positive emotions such as gratitude and resilience were able to improve well-being. This study used the theory of broaden-and-build to explore the association of gratitude, resilience, and well-being among Iranian adults during the pandemic. The convenience sampling method was utilized to recruit 441 Iranian adults aged between 18 to 35 years. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling using SmartPLS. The results supported the role of gratitude and resilience in improving the well-being of Iranian adults. Besides, the results supported the role of resilience as the moderator for the effect of gratitude on well-being. The findings of this study may have implications for mental health professionals and policymakers to promote gratitude and resilience intervention to increase positive emotions and well-being in young adults in this time of need and help society to be prepared for challenging times of adversity in the future
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PSYCHOSEXUAL FACTORS, FAMILY VARIABLES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Full text linkLinks between psychosexual factors (sexual communication and sexual satisfaction), family variables (marital satisfaction, years in marriage, and the number of children), and psychological well-being among Yoruba older adults of Southwestern Nigeria were investigated. A cross-sectional research design was used for the study. Two hundred and nine (209) older adults aged 60 to 92 years (M = 68.2, SD = 8.05, Females = 81, Males = 128) were conveniently drawn from five (5) communities in Southwestern Nigeria. Data collected from the samples using a self-administered paper and pencil questionnaire were analyzed using Structural equation modelling (SEM). Results showed that sexual satisfaction has a direct and significant effect on marital satisfaction and psychological well-being among older adults; sexual satisfaction mediates the effect of years in marriage on psychological well-being; increased number of children leads to lower marital satisfaction and poor psychological well-being in old age, and sexual communication enhances psychological well-being in old age. Notwithstanding the fact that sexual behaviour is shrouded in secrecy among older adults in some African cultures like Nigeria, the study concluded that it plays a significant role in enhancing their psychological well-being
DETERMINANTS OF WOMEN’S TOLERANT ATTITUDES TOWARD GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN KOSOVO
Full text linkGender-based violence against women is still one of the most worrying facts in Kosovo. This paper examines determinants of women’s tolerant attitudes toward gender-based violence against women in Kosovo. An empirical assessment of determinants of tolerance towards domestic violence was conducted by utilizing data from the Kosovo Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) carried out in 2019–2020. The survey was carried out with 5,124 households, drawn from a sample representative of the whole population of Kosovo. The national representative sampling by the MICS survey allows for generalized findings. Economic conditions, lower education level, residence, marital status, and marrying age are important predictors of a higher rate of women’s tolerant attitudes toward gender-based violence among women in Kosovo. The study’s important findings open new pathways for multi-level design studies including more variables such as social support, family finances management, gender roles in parenting, health situation, institutional responsiveness, and efficacy of institutional interventions to reduce gender-based violence