Psychological Thought (Journal)
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Review of the Book “Defense Mechanisms. Coping Strategies. Self-Regulation”
Get PDFThis book deals with coping strategies and defense mechanisms as two kinds of self-regulation of human behaviour. The defense mechanisms are described with some examples of fiction books. Language: Bulgaria
Geriatric Logotherapy: Exploring the Psychotherapeutics of Memory in Treating the Elderly
Get PDFGeriatric Logotherapy is an analytical approach designed to address issues uniquely confronted in the counseling encounter with the elderly and is an adaptation of the psychotherapeutic school of thought known as Logotherapy. Logotherapy is a type of psychotherapeutic analysis and treatment which focuses on a will to meaning, founded upon the belief that striving to find meaning in one's life is the primary, most powerful motivating and driving force within the human experience. Sometimes called existential analysis, logotherapy grew out of the psychiatric research and personal experience of Viktor Frankl, M.D., based on his internment experience in Germany. Known as the Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy (Freud and Adler being the founders of the First and Second Schools), logotherapy as a school of thought emphasizes existential reflection rather than psychoanalytic repression, focusing upon the concept and centrality of “meaning” in one’s life rather than Freud’s “pleasure principle” and Adler’s “will to power.” This article explores, then, the application of this school of psychotherapeutic theory and practice to the psychological care and treatment of the elderly, emphasizing the “existential efficacy of the good memory” as an analytical tool for emotional nurture with emphasis upon “immediacy” rather than “longevity” of care and treatment. Language: Englis
For the Pseudoacceptance or Theoretical Bases of one Undescribed Defense Mechanism
Get PDFМного изследователи изтъкват, че това, което знаем за защитните механизми, е, в действителност, резултат от събрани клинични данни. За някои защитни механизми като класическата проекция няма никакви емпирични данни, потвърждаващи тяхното съществуване. Съществуват многобройни психологически школи, всяка от които има собствен възглед за природата, типовете, характеристиките и ефектите от защитните механизми. Няма една единствена теория за защитните механизми. Тази статия поставя теоретичните основи на псевдоприемането като един неописван защитен механизъм, така че разширяването на интрапсихичната защитна система е основната цел на този теоретичен анализ. Представени са природата и характеристиките на псевдоприемането, както и механизмът на разгръщането му, неговата диференциация и взаимовръзки с другите защитни механизми. Един пример за псевдоприемане също е представен и анализиран.Many researchers emphasize that what we know about the defense mechanisms is actually a result of collected clinical data. For some defense mechanisms like the classical projection, there is not any empirical data proving their existence. There are numerous psychological schools, each with its own view of the nature, of the types, of the characteristics and of the effects of the defense mechanisms. There is not a single theory of defense mechanisms. This paper lays the theoretical bases of the pseudoacceptance as one undescribed defense mechanism, so the broadening of the intrapsychic defense system is the main purpose of this theoretical analysis. The nature and the characteristics of the pseudoacceptance are presented, as well as the mechanism of its deployment, its differentiation and relations with other defense mechanisms. An example of the pseudoacceptance is also presented and analyzed. Language: Bulgaria
Effect of Prayer and “OM” Meditation in Enhancing Galvanic Skin Response
Get PDFThe research was conducted with the purpose to study the effect of prayer and meditation on galvanic skin response (GSR). It was hypothesized that there was a significant positive effect of prayer and meditation (Om chanting) on galvanic skin response (GSR). The sample consisted of 20 normal, healthy female participants through purposive sampling. The age group of the sample was 18 to 24 years (Mean= 18.7, SD= 1.55). Gender was female and minimum education was graduation. The daily practice time of prayer and meditation session was 30 minutes for one month. Pre- Post data were recorded before and after intervention of prayer and meditation session by using single group pre-post research design. Recordings of galvanic skin response (GSR) were made on a computerized polygraph (Model Physiopac, PP 4, Medicaid Systems, Chandigarh, India) test. The results revealed a significant increase in GSR values as an effect of prayer and meditation which suggested the psychophysiological relaxation. Practicing prayer and meditation increases the galvanic skin response and hence decreases the stress level of the individual. Language: Englis
Specificity of the Codependent Behaviour and Some Models in the Therapy of Codependency
Get PDFThis paper presents the specificity of the codependent behaviour, some models of therapeutical effect, their scientific validity and practical effectiveness. The focus is on the possibilities of motivational interviewing - one comparatively new therapy in the area of dependent behaviours with specific techniques, which are directed towards the act and the mobilization of the inner values and goals of the codependents, their resources for stimulating changes in behaviour and forming more effective coping strategies. Language: Bulgarian
Pedology as a Complex Science Devoted to the Study of Children in Russia: The History of its Origin and Elimination
Get PDFThis article traces the history of pedology in the works of Russian psychologists, doctors and pedagogues at the turn of the 20th century. Its main aim is to provide characteristic features of its development in chronological order and at the same time to underline general ideas. A quantitative analysis of books on pedology, categorised according to subject, is presented; and reasons for the elimination of pedology are explored, in terms of social and ideological changes. Language: Englis
New Start of “Psychological Thought”
Get PDFThe history and the mission of Psychological Thought are presented. The scientific journal “Psychological Thought” started its existence as an idea of the colleagues at the Department of Psychology at South-West University “Neofit Rilski” in 2006. Seven print issues were published from 2006 to 2009 (2 issues per year). Each issue included average ten articles published in Bulgarian or in English. Language: Englis
Unemployment and Possible Alterations of Personality Traits: The Case of the General Causality Orientations
Get PDFThe investigation of the unemployment consequences is a challenging theme in current psychological research. The recent controversy on the nature of general causality orientations (GCO’s) as personality traits stood as a reason for this study. Considering that prolonged unemployment is a significant life event, we investigated the stability in time (as a condition for a personality trait) of GCO’s for a sample of unemployed and we compared the results to those obtained from a sample of employed individuals. The first measure took place in April 2007, the second in September 2007 and the third in November 2011. The results indicated a higher level of control orientation for the unemployed in T3 and a significant positive growth of impersonal orientation for the same sample. Among the research limits were the poor data collection about the reasons of unemployment, family structure, job search behaviors and economic status. Language: Englis
Occupational Burnout Among Employees in Some Service Occupations in Nigeria: Are Health Workers Different?
Get PDFStudies on occupational burnout among health workers, especially in Nigeria have been at best isolated. No adequate inter-occupational comparative study on burnout among health workers, police personnel, and teachers has been conducted. This study, therefore, investigated the extent to which health workers were different from police personnel, and teachers in the manifestations of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, reduced personal accomplishment, and overall occupational burnout. Participants were 455 employees (203 males; 252 females) sampled from 3 service occupations (police = 139; health = 159; teaching = 157), whose ages averaged 35.94 years (SD = 7.93). Health workers reported higher levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and overall occupational burnout than either police personnel or teachers. Although health workers reported a higher level of reduced personal accomplishment than police personnel, results indicated that teachers felt as underachieving as health workers. The findings were discussed in terms of the perceived imbalance in the job demands-rewards ratio in the job situations
Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Interviewing – Different Communication and Interpreting Approaches
Get PDFThe books by M. Alvesson and J. Salmons deal with some different kinds of methodologies: qualitative (case study, grounded theory, phenomenology, and multiple qualitative methodologies), quantitative (experimental and quasi-experimental), and mixed methods. The trends in and the future of interview research, qualitative and mixed research methods are discussed. Language: Englis