Psychological Thought (Journal)
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Cross-Cultural Study of Psychological Types at the Years of Emerging Adulthood
Get PDFEmerging adulthood exists only in cultures that allow young people a prolonged period of independent social roles and exploration during the late teens and twenties. It is a period of the course of life that is culturally constructed, not universal or immutable (Arnett, 2000). This assumption led to the idea for comparison of this age in three cultures - Bulgarian, Hawaiian and New Zealand. The Myers-Briggs type indicator, Form G, was administered (Myers et al., 1998). The sample consisted of 289 respondents, aged 18-29, respectively the Bulgarians were 100, the Hawaiians were 89 and the New Zealanders were 100. Six SRTT comparisons were made. The results show that there were typological differences that distinguished the group of Bulgarians, aged 18-29, from their peers from Hawaii, USA and New Zealand. The specificity was expressed in preference to N, P, T, IN, NP, NT, IP, TP and INTP. This finding is largely consistent with the pursuit of new experience and opportunities, typical for the years of emerging adulthood. As well, there were some typological differences between the gender groups.Language: Bulgaria
The Evolutionary Logic of the Obsessive Trait Complex: Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder as a Complementary Behavioral Syndrome
Get PDFFreud noted that the obsessive traits of orderliness, parsimony, and obstinacy incontestably belonged together. This observation has been unfailingly justified, but unsatisfactorily explained. Being a highly heritable pattern essentially unaffected by parental influence, it is counterfactual to continue to explain the obsessive trait constellation as a pathological signature of harsh, authoritarian parenting. Alternatively, the present paper, building upon a previously promulgated evolutionary etiological model, describes how obsessive traits work in unison to enable survival within harsh northerly climates. What appears to be a loosely federated inventory of pathology, after the application of evolutionary reasoning, becomes a coherent behavioral package, adaptive suite, or behavioral syndrome. All three of these terms, taken from behavioral biology, suggest that traits strategically covary, such that the adaptive value of each trait is enhanced by the presence of the others. In this vein, the union of anxious tension and conscientiousness drives the obsessive personality to labor incessantly. The fruits of obsessive labor are then conserved through parsimoniousness, hoarding, vigilance, and niggardliness. And so, obsessive personality is a coherent behavioral package in that the drive to work towards the acquisition of necessities is paired with the drive to conserve and defend them
Treating the Initial Physical Reflex of Misophonia With the Neural Repatterning Technique: A Counterconditioning Procedure
Get PDFMisophonia is a condition in which a person has an acute emotional response of anger or disgust to a commonly occurring innocuous auditory or visual stimulus referred to as a trigger. This case details the effective treatment of misophonia in a young woman that included a counterconditioning treatment called the Neural Repatterning Technique (NRT), which combines a continuous positive stimulus and a reduced intensity, intermittent trigger. The treatment was delivered via the Misophonia Trigger Tamer smartphone app and all treatments were conducted independently by the patient. In this patient, the trigger elicited a physical reflex of contraction of the flexor digitorum profundus, which caused her to clench her fist. To enhance the effect of the NRT treatment, Progressive Muscle Relaxation was incorporated to increase her ability to deliberately relax the affected muscle during treatment. During NRT treatment sessions, the patient experienced a weak physical reflex to the reduced trigger stimulus but no emotional response. Her emotional response of misophonia was not treated, but when the physical reflex extinguished, the emotional response also extinguished. This case indicates that the misophonic response includes a Pavlovian-conditioned physical reflex. It is proposed that the trigger elicited the physical reflex and the physical reflex then elicited the conditioned emotional response that is characteristic of misophonia. Because of the conditioned reflex nature of misophonia, it is proposed that a more appropriate name for this disorder would be Conditioned Aversive Reflex Disorder
Most Important Work Values in Bulgarian University Students
Get PDFThis article aims to identify the most important work values of university students. For this purpose, data from an empirical study among students (N = 208), from different study programmes, are presented. Results obtained with the Bulgarian version of the questionnaire WIS/SVP (OS Bulgaria, 2007) revealed that in 2013 there were some gender significant differences in the respondents’ values. The students’ important values were Economic Security, Personal Development, Ability Utilization, Achievement and Advancement. The data could be used for vocational guidance
Antecedents and Outcomes of Psychological Insecurity and Interpersonal Trust Among Chinese People
Get PDFPsychological insecurity and interpersonal trust were empirically tested in a conceptual model in relation to several personality and social measures as theoretical antecedents, and to interpersonal relationships and feelings of life satisfaction as hypothesized outcomes. Questionnaire data from 301 Chinese adults showed psychological insecurity to be significantly and positively correlated with neuroticism and dependency, while negatively related to family emotional support, emotional intelligence, openness, and agreeableness; and the regression revealed neuroticism to be the strongest predictor of psychological insecurity. The results for interpersonal trust showed a significant negative correlation with psychological insecurity, and a pattern of correlations with all the other variables that were in the opposite direction of those for psychological insecurity; and the regression revealed agreeableness to be the strongest predictor of interpersonal trust. Interpersonal trust was also a significant predictor of coworker support and life satisfaction. The research identified behaviors that should be able to reduce psychological insecurity, and others that could increase interpersonal trust, with the overall results demonstrating the importance of being emotionally supportive and honest with other people to reduce feelings of psychological insecurity and increase interpersonal trust
Nostalgia and Sentimentality Among Minority Elderly People (Bulgarian Roma People and Hungarians Living in Romania)
Get PDFNostalgia and sentimentality are very typical for the old age. There are some characteristics that are perceived as typical for the elderly people in the different cultures, such as being dependent, and needing long-term care. There are also some similarities between the population tendencies in Bulgaria and Romania. The simultaneously acceptance in European Union of both countries also suggests the existence of some similar attitudes towards the past among elderly minority people in both countries. The hypothesis of the study was that together with some similarities, the elderly people from both ethnic minorities in the two countries would differ cross-culturally in their sentimentality and nostalgia related to the past. Sentimentality and nostalgia in elderly minority people (26 Roma people in Bulgaria and 21 Hungarians in Romania) were measured by means of a questionnaire created by Gergov Stoyanova (2013). The results indicated that the Hungarian minority in Romania was more sentimental and nostalgic than the Roma minority in Bulgaria. More thoughts about the past reported the minority young elders than the minority oldest old. The females from the minority groups were more sentimental than the males from the minority groups. Higher sentimentality and nostalgia among elderly Hungarians could be explained by their higher conservatism and more satisfaction with the hystorical past than Roma people. Roma people living in institutions felt a sense of stability in their present and they shared some positive expectations for the future
Predatory Publishing and the Psychology Behind it
Get PDFThis Editorial article discusses the publishing strategies of some journals, the authors' reactions to them and the quality of publishing
Book Review: Managing and Sharing Research Data: A Guide to Good Practice
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Meta-Cognition in Mindfulness: A Conceptual Analysis
Get PDFOver the last few decades there has been a substantial increase in the research and applications of meta-cognition and mindfulness. The concept of meta-cognition and mindfulness seems different and their research literature evolved independent of each other. However, meta-cognition and mindfulness share many commonalities and are conceptually related in many ways. Evidently, there has been relatively little research addressing this relationship. The research tradition of meta-cognition and mindfulness may strengthen and benefit each other. Specific aspects, such as development of ‘meta-awareness’ can be integrated with each other in a complementary as well as supplementary manner in applied settings such as psychotherapy. This paper describes the nature of meta-cognition and mindfulness and reviews their conceptual relationships. Finally, theoretical and applied implications of this relationship are discussed
Personality Characteristics and Informal Leadership Among Young People With Mild and Moderate Degree of Intellectual Disability
Get PDFНастоящата статия представя резултати от проведени количествени и качествени изследвания сред млади хора с лека до умерена степен на интелектуално затруднение на възраст 18 – 40 години, посещаващи Дневен център за трудови умения. Целта на изследването е да се идентифицират неформалните лидери, да се опишат личностните им характеристики, и особеностите на лидерството сред тази група. Използваните методи са: социометрично изследване, цветови тест на Люшер и Личностен въпросник на Айзенк. Събраните данни и анализираните резултатите сочат, че степента на интелектуално затруднение не влияе върху избора на неформален лидер. Определящи характеристики са мотивацията за самоусъвършенстване и налагане на собствения авторитет сред другите (определени по цветови тест на Люшер), както и ниските показатели по скала „Невротизъм“ от Личностния въпросник на Айзенк.This article presents the results of qualitative and quantitative studies conducted among young people with mild to moderate intellectual disability, aged 18-40 who attended a Daycare center for working skills. The aim of the study was to identify the informal leaders among the participants and to describe some leadership features in this group. The used methods were a sociomertic study, the Lüscher color-test and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. The summarized results showed that the degree of intellectual disability did not affect the choice of an informal leader. The important determinants were the motivation for self-improvement and imposing authority among others (found by means of Lüscher color test), and the low scores on scale "Neuroticism" from Eysenck Personality Inventory.Language: Bulgaria