International Journal of Health Studies (IJHS - Shahroud University of Medical Sciences)
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The Content Validity and Reliability of Injury Severity Parameters in Data Collection Tool for Developing a National Trauma Prognostic Scale (TPS)
Get PDFBackground: Trauma injuries are a health threat to the whole world and according to 2016 WHO report, are one of the top ten causes of death. This study aimed to determine the content validity and inter-rater reliability of a data collection tool used to develop a national Trauma Prognostic Scale (TPS).
Methods: The study was conducted in three stages including the development of the primary tool, assessment of the validity tool, and assessment of the reliability. The content validity, inter-rater reliability, and intra-rater reliability were assessed. For reliability assessment, 45 trauma patients from three trauma specialty centers in Tehran and Tabriz metropolises participated in the study.
Results: The final data collection tool had a total of 51 items in six parts as demographic (part A with 9 items); past medical history (part B with14 items); type of patients’ transferring (Part C with 3 items); pre-hospital measures (part D with 9 items); physiological indicators of injury severity (part E with 9 items), and anatomical indicators of injury severity (part F with 7 items). The content validity of the tool was confirmed with a total scale-level content validity (S-CVI) = 0.93, S-CVI= 0.92 for part A, S-CVI= 0.90 for part B, S-CVI= 1.000 for part C, S-CVI= 0.90 for part D, S-CVI= 0.95 for part E, and S-CVI= 0.91 for part F. Spearman correlation was above 0.7 for all items.
Conclusions: The content validity, and inter-rater test-retest reliability of the data collection tool for the developed TPS was confirmed.
Keywords: Trauma, Injury, Prognostic, Validity, Reliabilit
An Investigation of Family Therapy-Based Training on an Adolescent\u27s Self-Harm and Character Strengths
Get PDFBackground: The prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury has increased in adolescents. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of family therapy compared with treatment as usual in improving character strengths and reducing self-harm repetition in adolescents.
Methods: The research was designed as semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The statistical population was all students of Tehran\u27s middle schools with self-injury from October to September 2022. 53 eligible adolescents were selected purposefully. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: a family therapy counseling (n=27 people) and a control group (n=26 people). The experimental group received sixteen 75-min counseling sessions held weekly, while the control group underwent no interventions. Both groups received post-test evaluations following these sessions. Then, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory and Values in Action Inventory of Strengths scale (VIA-Youth) pre- and post-intervention were implemented. SPSS 24 used a multivariate analysis of the covariance (MANCOVA) version.
Results: The effect of family therapy on the self-injury variable was significant (F=32.61; Pvalue<0.001). Also, the effect of family therapy on character strengths (F=24.81; Pvalue<0.001) was confirmed. In addition, it related the largest effect size to the self-injury variable (0.648), which shows that 64% of the total variances of the experimental and control groups result from a family therapy approach.
Conclusions: The results showed that family therapy could effectively improve character strengths and reduce self-injurious behaviors in adolescents aged 13-16.
Keywords: Family therapy, Adolescent, Self-harm, Character strengths
Resilience and its Associated Factors in Clinical Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study
Get PDFBackground: Resilience is the positive adaptation of people in reaction to unfavorable conditions. Meanwhile, nursing is a demanding occupation with extensive stress and challenges. Thus, this study was performed to determine the extent of resilience among nurses and its associated factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 320 nurses in Shahroud, Iran. Those with bachelor\u27s degree of nursing and above as well as at least one year of full-time clinical practice were chosen through convenience sampling technique. The data collection instruments were included Sherer\u27s General Self-Efficacy Scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression).
Results: The present study showed that nurses experienced low levels of resilience (63.31±15.82) and high levels of self-efficacy (62.86±9.62). Furthermore, a positive and significant correlation was observed between resilience and self-efficacy of nurses (r=0.55, P<0.001). Satisfaction with personal protective equipment at the hospital of service and sense of safety against COVID-19 were noted as the factors associated with resilience and self-efficacy of nurses (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, provision of a safe environment with sufficient personal protective equipment as well as training the resilience skills and enhancing psychological capacity of nurses would play a key role in their positive adaptation to the tough and challenging conditions of the workplace
Determining the Effective Factors in Women\u27s Tendency to Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
Get PDFBackground: addiction is one of the most critical problems that has reached a global scale, and has gone beyond the borders of health care, and has become a psychological, social, and family problem. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the causes of women\u27s tendency to drugs and psychotropic substances in Gorgan.
Methods: The research method is cross-sectional and descriptive. The statistical population included all women who came to addiction treatment clinics in Gorgan in 2019. The sampling method was available, and the sample size was 60 people. A questionnaire on the causes of women\u27s addiction to drugs was used to collect data. Data were analyzed for their univariate nature using descriptive statistics (Frequency, percentage, central indicators, and dispersion).
Results: The results of data analysis showed that among the seven factors studied in the causes of women\u27s tendency to drugs and psychosis, the important factors are psychological, cultural, economic, social, physical, religious, and geographical, respectively. Addiction is a complex and polyhedral disease. And in this study, the psychological factor was one of the most important factors in women\u27s tendency to drugs and psychotropic substances.
Conclusions: Therefore, it seems that understanding the underlying factors causes the process of prevention, identification, treatment, and follow-up to be purposefully planned.
Keywords: Addiction, Psychotropic, Substances, Women.
 
Relationship between Physical Activity, Knowledge, Attitude, and Nutritional Practice with Body Mass Index (BMI) of Iranian Teenage Girls
Get PDFBackground: Adolescence is considered one of the most critical periods of human development, in which nutrition, physical activity and weight control play a very effective role. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between physical activity, knowledge, attitude and nutritional practice with (BMI) in Student girls.
Methods: the statistical population of 270 female students in the age range of 14.3 ± 1.3 in Miami city in 1401 with the convenience sampling method and were selected as available. They completed the questionnaire containing demographic information, knowledge, attitude and nutritional practice (KAP), the international physical activity questionnaire, Anthropometric values (BMI) were computed and compared with CDC2000 standards and then using SPSS software. The significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: The results showed that students had 48.7%, 48.1% and 41% moderate score knowledge, practice but attitude score low respectively. Comparison of BMI with standard values showed that 24.5%, 7.7% and 4% of participants were underweight, overweight and obese respectively. Statistically significant correlation was seen knowledge, attitude and nutritional practice with BMI and also between attitude and nutritional practice with physical activity (Pvalue<0.05).
Conclusions: Based on the findings, the data indicate that knowledge, attitude and practice nutritional of Mime Shahroud province were moderate or relatively low and all of the students, need more Theoretical and applied nutritional education, physical activity, weight control methods in textbooks and cyberspace is necessary.
Keywords, knowledge, Attitude and nutritional practice, Physical activity, Body mass inde
Determining the Selected Social Network of Employees of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences to Receive News of Covid-19
Get PDFBackground: Today, social networks play a very important role in communication between people. Many people use social networks as a source of information and a means of sending messages. This study aimed to determine the selected social network among the staff of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Different variables, such as demographic characteristics, amount of interest in each social network, hours of using the Internet, trustworthiness, being up-to-date, accessibility, number of visits to each network, effectiveness, and how information is shared, and also the relationship between these variables were examined. The significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: A total of 109 (28.2%) women and 277 (71.8%) men participated in this study. The majority of the participants were aged 30-40 years (50%) and had a bachelor’s degree (55.2%). All the participants were members of at least one social network. The participants rated Telegram and then WhatsApp as the most frequently-visited, accessible, trusted, and up-to-date social networks.
Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, Telegram and then WhatsApp is the social network of choice among the majority of the staff.
Key Words: Social networking, COVID-19, News, Medical staf
Examining the level of metacognitive obsessive, intellectual-practical beliefs in the COVID-19 epidemic: Examining the level of metacognitive obsessive, intellectual-practical beliefs in the COVID-19 epidemic
No full textIntroduction: Currently, the world community is experiencing one of the biggest health crises in recent decades. The psychological consequences of Corona can include a range of feelings of loneliness, boredom and aggressiveness to anxiety and mental distress. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the level of obsessive and practical metacognitive beliefs in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted cross-sectionally on 416 people who referred to corona testing centers using available sampling method. The data was collected using three depression, anxiety and obsession, intellectual-practical questionnaires, after collecting the data, it was entered into SPSS 18 and analyzed with the help of descriptive and analytical statistics.
Findings: The results of this study showed that 61% of the participants had moderate anxiety, 20% had moderate depression, and the mean obsessive-compulsive score was 68.9 ± 19.8. The results of linear regression also showed that depression can predict the occurrence of practical obsessions.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that people with obsessive-compulsive disorder were greatly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. And anxiety is a common disorder among those who refer to corona testing centers in Shiraz city, and more than half of those who refer to these centers are suffering from anxiety disorder
Investigating the Relationship between the Intensity of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress with the State of Job Burnout in Emergency Department Employees of Medical Education Centers in Urmia
Get PDFBackground: Depression, anxiety, and stress are factors affecting people\u27s quality of life. Quality of life also affects people\u27s social status (occupation), and this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress with job burnout in emergency department employees of Urmia medical education centers.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on the personnel of the emergency department of four medical educational hospitals in Urmia using available sampling method. The data was collected using a demographic information questionnaire, a depression, anxiety and stress questionnaire, and a job burnout questionnaire. After collecting the data, it was entered into SPSS 18 and analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistics.
Results: In this study, the results showed that out of 100 participants in the study, 48% were men and the average age of the participants was 29.72 ± 6.22 years. In job burnout, the highest score related to emotional burnout was 28±9 and the lowest score was 14±6 for depersonalization, and in anxiety, depression, and stress, the highest score was 14.1±9 for stress and the lowest score was 7±5 for anxiety. There was no correlation between job burnout and depression, anxiety, and stress.
Conclusions: Emergency personnel are exposed to burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress. Therefore, it is necessary to know the sources, and on the other hand, it is recommended to create favorable and suitable conditions for personnel by holding appropriate educational-therapeutic courses.
Keywords: Depression, Stress, Anxiety, Burnout, Emergenc
Inferior Frontal-Occipital Fasciculus (IFOF) is the Main Neural Pathway in Psychotic Symptoms Induced by Methamphetamine Abuse: A Tract-based Spatial Statistics Study
Get PDFBackground: Chronic methamphetamine abuse can lead to white matter changes and increased levels of psychotic symptoms. This study aimed to investigate which neural pathway is most associated with the psychological symptoms of chronic Methamphetamine abuse.
Methods: We recruited 42 chronic methamphetamine abuse subjects meeting DSM-5 criteria and 21 healthy controls. Psychotic signs were measured using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). We applied tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to investigate group differences in alteration DTI parameters and their association with psychotic symptoms.
Results: Chronic methamphetamine abuse group had significantly lower FA and higher AD, RD, and MD in a wide range of white matter mainly IFOF, and subjects in the methamphetamine abuse group had significantly higher PANSS total scores when compared to the control group.
Conclusions: Chronic methamphetamine abuse shows subtle patterns of impaired white matter integrity of distinct cerebral nerve pathways, mainly IFOF relative to controls. The results are further suggested that neuronal tract-based pathology plays the main role in psychotic symptoms in methamphetamine abuse disorders.
Keywords: Methamphetamine, psychotic symptoms, Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), Inferior Frontal-Occipital Fasciculus (IFOF).
 
The Effectiveness of Group-Based Dialectical Behavior Therapy in Aggression and Social Adjustment of Single-Parent Adolescents
Get PDFBackground: The absence of each parent impairs the psychological and the social adjustment of single-parent adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group-based dialectical behavior therapy in reducing aggression and increasing social adjustment of single-parent adolescents.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental using a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included single-parent adolescent boys in the junior high schools of Baghmalek. The sample consisted of 24 students who were randomly assigned to the experimental and the control groups. The experimental group received dialectical behavioral therapy during eight sessions. The research instruments included Ahwaz Aggression Questionnaire (AAI) and Bell’s Adjustment Inventory (BAI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance).
Results: Findings showed that group-based dialectical behavior therapy reduced aggression and increased social adjustment of the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In fact, the results showed the effect of dialectical behavior therapy in reducing aggression and improving social adjustment in single-parent adolescents.
Conclusion: According to the research results, counselors and psychotherapists can use dialectical behavior therapy to intervene aggression and social adjustment.
Keywords: Dialectical behavior therapy, Aggression, Social Adjustment, Single-parent adolescent