International Journal of Health Studies (IJHS - Shahroud University of Medical Sciences)
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Comparing the Outcome of Immobilizing Lower Limb Injuries Using Standard-Sized and Half-Length Short Leg Splints
Get PDFBackground: Soft tissue injuries (STIs) of lower extremities are considered as a very common complaint in those patients that were admitted to the emergency department. One of the main purposes in these patients\u27 treatment strategies is early returning to work and regular activities. This study purpose was to compare the results of two lower limb (leg) splinting methods: standard-sized short leg splinting, and also half-sized short leg splinting.
Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial research, we enrolled those patients with STI of the lower limb and without bone fracture. The setting was Haftom Tir trauma center and all patients signed the written consent before the study starting. We categorized participants into two groups: standard-sized short leg splint and halfsized short leg splint. The data were entered into SPSS 18 software and also were analyzed using that. Results: 300 patients were included in this study totally. The splinting complications were similar in two groups, but the splint fracture and skin burn frequency were significantly lower in half-sized short leg splint (p value <0.005). The mean score of pain and swelling frequency had no significant differences in both groups (P>0.005). Conclusions: The results indicated that the performance of standardsized and half-sized short leg splinting was similar in lower limbs STIs. The difficulties were less in half-sized short leg splint. Therefore, this study recommend that emergency physicians could consider half-sized short leg splinting in STIs, but the recommendation may be considered as valuable when this study results reassess in other clinical trials with multicenter researches and more sample size
Energy Drinks Consumption among Iranian University Students and Associated Factors
Get PDFBackground & Aims: There is no study in Iran about the Energy drinks (EDs) use by students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of EDs consumption and its related factors among the students.
Methods:This cross-sectional study carried out among students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Using a standardized, pretested and self-administered questionnaire, the data were collected. The questionnaire consisted of 65 questions that asked the students\u27 sociodemographic characteristics and their knowledge and habits of ED consumptions.
Results:Of all participants 66.3% were female, 63.1% of students live in dormitories and 6.9% and 19.9% of them live with friends and parents, respectively. Almost 11.5 percent of students are user of energy drinks. The most common reason to try an ED was ‘‘its special tastes’’ (36.2%), followed in order of frequency by ‘‘to stay awake for long hours’’. Logistic regression modeling of EDs use indicated that, male gender, students who live alone and higher monthly costs for personal requirements were also positively and significantly associated with EDs use.
Conclusions:Despite thelow prevalence of EDs consumption in our study samples,male students, living alone and higher monthly costs for personal requirements are factors associated with more EDs consumption.
Key words: Energy Drink; Youths; University Students; Iran
KAWASAKI Disease: a Rare Case Report with Severe Abdominal Pain
Get PDFKawasaki disease is an acute febrile systemic disease with unknown etiology that often affects children younger than 5 years. Common symptoms are fever; noninfectious conjunctivitis, inflammation of the mucous membranes and macular skin complications. Severe abdominal pain is a non-common symptom of the disease. Abdominal pain can be reduced with medical and conservative treatment. The patient is a 4-year-old female who referred with fever and severe abdominal pain. She was underwent an unnecessary appendectomy due to lack of timely diagnosis. With careful attention to the uncommon symptoms of the disease and early administration of intravenous immunoglobulin and control of coronary aneurysm, the child was discharged with good condition
The Prevalence of Mental Disorders (Depression and Anxiety) and its Related Factors Among the Elderlies in Bastam, 2018
Get PDFBackground: Depression and anxiety are common problems in the elderly, which also causes disability and physical illness. The aim of this study is to investigate The Prevalence of Mental Disorders (Depression and Anxiety) and factors affecting them among the elderlies of Bastam city.
Method: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. By referring to Bastam Health Center, 262 adults aged 60 and over were selected by simple random sampling method. Depression and anxiety in the elderly were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory, respectively. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including independent t-test, Pearson correlation test and Chi-square test were used.
Result: In the present study, 25.6%, 11.1% and 8% of the elderly had mild, moderate and severe depression, respectively. There was no significant difference between depression scores in terms of gender, marital status and employment status (P.V> 0.05); But there was a significant difference between the mean depression scores in terms of underlying disease (P.V <0.001). There was a significant difference between the mean score of anxiety in terms of gender, marital status, occupational status and underlying disease (P.V ≤0.05). There was a direct and significant relationship between age and mean score of depression and anxiety. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the level of education of the elderly and depression and anxiety scores (P.V ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are prevalent among elderly people in Bastam. Therefore, it is important to address mental health problems, especially depression and anxiety in the elderly, and to identify risk factors among the elderly
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight in Shahroud; 2013-2015
Get PDFBackground : One of the most important causes of neonatal death is their Low Birth Weight (less than 2500 grams). Low Birth Weight has a lot of risk factors. Low birth weight will cause physical, mental, and growth problems in the future. In respect to importance of the issue, this study aimed to determine the prevalence rate and risk factors of LBW (Low Birth Weight) in Shahroud, Iran.
Methods: In a cross-sectional research, all mothers who had given birth at Bahar Hospital from 2013 to 2015 entered to the study. The information of the mothers and neonates were extracted from their records. Data were analyzed using SPSS v16 and t-test and chi-square tests.
Results: 6677 mothers were enrolled in the study. The mean age of mothers was 27.20±5.43. %4.8of newborn babies had weights equal or less than 2500 grams. There was a significant relation between low birth weight and the mothers who were under 18 years, maternal addiction, and type of delivery (p value= 0.001).Also, there was a significant relationbetween Preterm labor and prevalence of Low Birth Weight, and the need to revive and hospitalization of baby in NICU (p value= 0.001).
Conclusions: The infants\u27 health is one of the main factors determining the quality of Health Services in a community. Since the rate of LBW is stillhigh, and this matter leads to a lot of problems for both family and society; preventive actions are recommended
Mucormycosis in Uncontrolled Diabetic: A Case Report
No full textBackground: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection produced by various fungi in the order Mucorales, which is most commonly seen in people with a defect, especially diabetics. Introduction of this infection can involve processes such as insulin injections and tooth extractions. Mucormycosis mortality is significantly high even with surgical treatment and management of diabetes. In this paper, a case of 28-year-old female with a history of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus referred to emergency ward 5 days after tooth extraction experiencing a progressive pain and swelling was reported. Patient\u27s examinations showed left orifice edema, left 7th nerve paralysis, and ocular-paralysis of 3rd, 4th and 6th on the left side. The patient was deployed to a more equipped facility in Mashhad (Iran), and after several days she died
Electrocardiographic Changes in Scuba Divers: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Iran
Get PDFBackground: Cardiac arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, congenital and acquired heart disorders could threat the human life in scuba diving. This study purpose was to investigate and analyze the electrocardiographic changes in scuba divers.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was accomplished on scuba divers of saltwater in the Persian Gulf. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was taken during 10 min before, immediately and also by passing 60 min from diving. All ECGs were interpreted by an emergency medicine specialist regarding heart blocks, sinus arrhythmia and the heart rate changes, QT and PR intervals, QRS complex, ST segment and T wave. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software ver19. Significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: 37 males with the mean age of 35.7±4.27 years old were enrolled in this study. There was observed no significant change in the mean of the heart rate, mean of the QT interval and T wave change between two age groups cases (<35 and >35 years old), BMI groups (<25 and >25 kg/m2), depth of water groups (<25 and >25 m) and water temperature groups (14 to 15 and 16 to 17 ̊C), in the studied time periods (p value>0.05, in all of the cases); but the mean of the pulse rate, mean of the QT interval and T wave change indicated significant difference between the studied time periods (p value=0.005, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: This study indicated significant changes in pulse rate, QT intervals and T waves between studied periods in scuba divers; consequently, special attention to these changes is required
Comparison of the Behavioral Changes in Pain Patterns in Brucellosis Patients under Oral Gabapentin and Naproxen Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Get PDFBackground: Brucellosis is a common disease between humans and animals which can cause various types of organ involvement. Of the most common and important disorders, it is a skeletal disorder that causes severe pain. The aim of this study was done to compare the behavioral changes in pain patterns in brucellosis patients under oral gabapentin and naproxen treatment. Methods: This study was a paralleled randomized controlled clinical trial on 86 patients with brucellosis disease. All 15-65-year-old patients with diagnosed brucellosis and no history of other systemic diseases were included. Patients with a history of using corticosteroids were excluded. After receiving their informed consent, the eligible patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of intervention (gabapentin) and control group (naproxen) using a block randomization method. Then, the pain severity was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) before, as well as 4, 7, and 10 days postintervention. In this study, the patients, data collector (pain intensity assessment), and analyzer were blinded. The data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Among the participants, 56 patients (65.1%) were male and the mean age of the patients was 46.85 ± 19.15 years, which was not significantly different between the two groups. In the case of painful and involved joints, sacroiliac joint with 34 cases (39.5%) was the most commonly involved joint in both groups. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean pain intensity on the fourth day (Pvalue = 0.021) and seventh day (Pvalue = 0.001), while there was no difference at other times.Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that gabapentin significantly and rapidly decreased skeletal pain in brucellosis patients. Therefore, it can be used as an appropriate drug for the control of bone and joint pain in brucellosis patients, though at least it should be used for a few day period.Keywords: Brucellosis, Gabapentin, Naproxen, Skeletal pain
The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Postpartum Depression: A Review and Meta-Analysis Study: cognitive behavioral therapy on postpartum depression
No full textBackground: Mother\u27s health and breastfeeding efficacy are affected by depression during pregnancy. The aim of study was to determine the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the treatment of postpartum depression in mothers after childbirth.
Methods: In this systematic review, the Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran & SID databases were used to access relevant documentation. To search for articles in the resource, the keywords depression AND cognitive-behavior therapy AND "perinatal OR antepartum OR childbirth" is used with all possible combinations of these words. Without time limitation, all related articles have been retrieved. Search was restricted to articles published in Persian and English. The quality of papers was examined using the Cochran risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev 5.3.
Results: We retrieved 621 titles, of which 12 were qualified after the qualitative synthesis. Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant beneficial effect of CBT sessions as compared to routine postpartum care on long term management of postpartum depression. (Mean Difference: -4.02 [-5.58, -2.47]). A pooled effect size with BID instrument was observed -6.32 [-8.54, -4.11] at 3 months, with EPDS were observed -2.83 [-6.56, 0.90] and -2.81 [-4.21, -1.41] at 3 and 6 months respectively.
Conclusions: CBT was shown to be effective however the evidence available is limited. It can be used as an effective psychological treatment without the side effect of drugs in PPD.
Keywords: Postpartum depression, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychological disorder, Review, Meta-analysis
