19354 research outputs found
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Antibacterial Oligo-Arylureides
No full textAnna Dano, Biology, Gregory O\u27Brien, Biology, Victoire-Grace Karambizi, BiologyFaculty Mentor(s): Professor Sujit Suwal, Chemistry, Professor Olga S. Novikova, Biology
Multidrug-resistant bacteria is an emerging global threat that is demanding worldwide attention. There is an urgent need for the innovation of novel therapeutics to replenish conventional antibiotics regimens. Several host defense Anti-Microbial Peptide (AMP) having immunomodulatory properties are currently developed into an antibacterial agent to overcome this biological obstacle. However, such molecules are cytotoxic, susceptible to undergo enzymatic degradation, and expensive. Likewise, several AMP-biomimetics are used in clinical trials to combat potential epidemics due to the possible evolution of new bacterial strains. In our lab, we recently developed a new class arylureido peptoids (ArU) through solid-phase synthesis. We demonstrated that a functionally diverse ArU library can be generated by coupling commercially available primary amines and arylisocyanate using split & pool synthetic approach. We are currently testing the antibacterial properties of some of the ArU molecules against different strains of microbials - Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We explored the size of the ArU-backbone by adding methylamine as the side chain of the oligomers. After successful optimization of the oligomer size, we diversified the sidechain, measured MIC, CFU and able to identify our hit molecule. We found MIC value of the hit molecule is comparable to ampicillin treatment, at least against E. Coli. Currently, we are pursuing in-vitro cytotoxicity assay of the hit molecule against a human cell.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/srcc-sp21-physgeosci/1021/thumbnail.jp
Magnetic and Transport Properties of R3TiSb5 (R=Ce;Pr;Nd) Compounds
No full textRandall S. Filippone, Electrical Engineering TechnologyFaculty Mentor(s): Professor Arjun K. Pathak, Physics
Rare-earth (R) intermetallics show a wealth of interesting fundamental physics due to localized 4f electrons. Importantly, the physical behaviors of these compounds can be tailored by controlling either or both chemistry and structure, hence they remain an intriguing subject for materials science and condensed matter physics communities. Here we present magnetic and transport properties of ternary rare-earth transition metal antimonides with the stoichiometry R3TiSb5 (R=Ce, Nd, Pr). The compounds crystallize in the anti-Hf5CuSn3 -type hexagonal structure, space-group P63/mcm (hP18). Our magnetic measurements show that the compounds with R=Ce, Nd undergo antiferromagnetic transition below 5K. However, the compound with R=Pr does not show magnetic ordering down to 1.5K. The resistivity for R=Nd was also measured from 2 to 300K at magnetic field up to 5 Tesla. The resistivity shows metallic behavior with a transition around 5K for R=Nd, which is consistent with the magnetic measurement. This work has been carried out in collaboration between Buffalo State College, the University at Genova, Italy, and Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/srcc-sp21-physgeosci/1005/thumbnail.jp
Invasive Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in Tributary Streams of Eastern Lake Erie
No full textKyle Glenn, BiologyFaculty Mentor(s): Professor Christopher Pennuto, Biology
The invasive Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus) alters macroinvertebrate communities in newly colonized environments throughout the Great Lakes region. I revisited four streams which were examined for Round Goby impacts in 2005 by a former graduate student at Buffalo State College, using the same collection techniques at the same time of year. Gobies appear to have expanded their range since the 2005 assessment. Two of the four streams sampled supported Round Goby populations both in 2005 and 2020, whereas one stream which did not have gobies in 2005 currently has a population. Both streams harboring Round Gobies had lower total invertebrate abundance, taxa richness, and taxa diversity than was reported in 2005. A comparison of current streams with and without gobies did not show any consistent differences in the three metrics examined. Collectively, these results indicate Round Goby continue to expand their distribution and streams with gobies present over the last 15 years appear more impacted by this invasive fish.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/srcc-sp21-physgeosci/1000/thumbnail.jp
Tracy Clark
No full textHarlem Renaissance Man: Towards a Comprehensive Biography of Actor-Singer Frank H. Wilson
Tracy Clark, MusicFaculty Mentor: Professor Carolyn Guzski, Music
Tracy is a December 2020 graduate of the Bachelor of Arts in Music program, where she majored in Voice and Bassoon. This fall she will pursue the Master of Music degree in Musicology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, where she has been awarded a UT Access and Diversity Fellowship and a Graduate Teaching Assistantship. She will assist faculty with teaching and research within UT’s historical musicology and ethnomusicology program.
In her fellowship, Tracy focused on the life of the Broadway actor and singer Frank H. Wilson (1886-1956), renowned for creating the title role in Porgy (1927), which served as the basis for George Gershwin’s opera Porgy and Bess. Wilson’s achievements in stage, film, and broadcasting significantly won him a place in the African American National Biography. Tracy’s findings filled in several significant lacunae in Wilson’s life, including his educational background, his foundational training, and the early development of his professional acting career.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/srcc-sp21-usrfp/1005/thumbnail.jp
MUS261
No full textThird in a sequence of four group piano classes for music majors only. Expansion of healthy piano technique, general musicianship skills and effective music learning strategies. Sight Reading, Chord Progressions, Melody Harmonization, Open Score Reading, Scales, Melody and Harmonic Improvisation, Repertoire
Developmental and Behavioral Responses of Early Life Stages of Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to Urban Effluents Treated with Advanced-Oxidation Processes
Get PDFWastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) are the main vector for pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) to enter waterways. Many PPCPs are lipophilic, allowing them to bioaccumulate and biomagnify within aquatic organisms. PPCPs have been known to alter fish behavior and physiological processes, such as nesting defense and sex ratios, and produce an increase in deformities. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are novel ways for treating WWTPs effluents that use hydroxyl radicals to indiscriminately breakdown PPCPs. In this study, fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were used to examine the biological effects of AOP-treated municipal effluent as they developed from eggs to juveniles, in a 30-day life history test. During early life stages, there was a trend for heart rate to be lower in the Hydrogen peroxide/Ultraviolet light and WWTP Secondary effluent. Hatching success was not impacted. However, egg hatching occurred earlier in the Hydrogen peroxide/Ultraviolet light (H2O2), Peracetic Acid/Ultraviolet light (PAA), and Niagara River treatments compared to the Control, while eggs in the secondary effluent had a delayed hatching time. Larvae 12 and 13 days old were tested for predator avoidance using their C-start response, which was not different among treatments. At day 30, there was a significant difference in weight and length for fathead minnows raised in the H2O2 and PAA treatments which resulted in stunted growth at the juvenile stage. These results indicate that AOP-treated effluent can have an impact in the growth and development of larval fish near outflow areas and potentially affect their fitness in their adult life
The analysis and treatment of Ephraim Chambers’ Cyclopaedia
Get PDFA copy of the 1786 edition of Ephraim Chambers’ Cylopaedia was researched and analyzed, developing an informed treatment plan. Imaging techniques and scientific analysis were used to identify materials, revealing details about the original binding structure and later repairs using manuscript waste and textile fragments. Treatment included extensive paper repair to all three volumes and the two gatherings of plates, and strengthening the abbreviated sewing structures with new sewing and spine linings. This complex treatment also involved parchment toning for rebacking material, stabilizing the previous textile repair, and replacing a missing board
Developing the Facilitative Health and Well-being Tool: Freeing Writing
Get PDFResearch into processes of self, including self-concept clarity, identity, and meaning and purpose in life, has demonstrated that human beings that feel they know themselves tend to experience positive health and well-being outcomes, while people who feel they don’t know themselves tend to experience more negative health and well-being outcomes. These findings indicate that knowing oneself is essential. Thus, the facilitative tool I am creating with this Master’s Project, Freeing Writing, combines the power of self-knowledge and self-discovery with the healing power of expressive writing. In this manuscript, I synthesize the scientific research, Design Thinking process, and real-world experiences which contributed to the development of this tool, which will help facilitate well-being outcomes for participants in current and future professional endeavors
Attribute-Aligned Domain-Invariant Feature Learning for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Person Re-Identification
No full textDomain invariance and discrimination of learned features as two crucial factors affect the performance of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) person re-identification (Re-ID). Person attributes (such as “backpack”, “boots”, “handbag”, etc) remaining unchanged across multiple domains have been used as mid-level visual-semantic information in UDA person Re-ID. As two main challenges, both misalignment of attribute-related regions across multiple images and domain shift between source and target domains affect the learning of domain-invariant features (DIF).
To address the above two challenges, this article proposes to take advantage of the stability of person attributes and the complementarity of person attributes and the corresponding low-level visual features to guide the learning of discriminative DIF. Specifically, the proposed solution contains the generation of latent attribute-correlated visual features (GLAVF), DIF learning under the guidance of person attributes, and the alignment of person attributes corresponding to the local regions of pedestrian images. Due to the gap between person attributes and visual features, person attributes are first converted into latent attribute-correlated visual features (LAVF) without any specific domain information in GLAVF, and then LAVF are used as the substitutions of person attributes to guide the learning of DIF. To enhance the discrimination of learned features, the proposed solution mainly explores the alignment between person attributes and corresponding local regions, and the alignment of the same person attributes across multiple pedestrian images. A fully connected layer is used to achieve the above two types of alignment in the proposed framework, which reduces the adverse impacts of inference information and ensures the semantic consistency between person attributes and corresponding local regions across multiple pedestrian images. The effectiveness of the proposed solution is confirmed on four existing datasets by comparative experiments.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/fsrcf_pro/1000/thumbnail.jp
Universal Design for Trauma
No full textTrauma history is an important consideration for adult educators. The majority of adults in the United States will experience trauma in their lifetime and many will suffer both short and long-term physical and/or emotional health impacts as a result. Previous research (Nikischer, 2018; Huang & Mossige, 2012; Horsman, 2002 & 2006) indicates trauma history can negatively influence educational outcomes, with implications for adult education program design and delivery. Building on the concept of “universal design” (Mace, 1998), I will outline five required components for a new universal design for trauma created specifically to address trauma history. (This PowerPoint presentation was created for the Buffalo State Faculty and Staff Research and Creativity Forum, Spring 2021. A full paper on this topic will be presented at the AEGT Conference, June 2021.)
Keywords: universal design, trauma, trigger warnings, compassion fatiguehttps://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/fsrcf_ed/1001/thumbnail.jp