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Central Europe towards Sustainable Building 2022 (CESB22)
No full textThe Central Europe towards Sustainable Building 2022 conference was held in Prague, in July 4 - 6, 2022.
The objective of the 6th International Conference Central Europe towards Sustainable Building (CESB22) was to present current activities in sustainable building with special focus on the Central European area and to bring ideas and international expertise to the region and deliver expertise from the region to enhance further development of built environment in the region as well as in a worldwide scale. The aim was to bring together engineers, researchers, academics, producers, investors, and developers to exchange and discuss their innovative approaches and ideas focused on sustainable buildings and their contribution to development of sustainable built environment in line with UN sustainable development goals.
Simultaneously with CESB22, on 4 July 2022, a fourth iiSBE Forum of Young Researchers in Sustainable Building (YRSB22) took place, focusing on actual PhD research in the field of sustainable building.
The conference key topics were following:
Innovative technologies and systems
New materials and components for sustainable buildings
Energy efficient buildings and districts
Adapting design, construction and operation of buildings to climatic goals
Integration of principles of circular economy into building design process
Decision-support tools and assessment methods for sustainable built environment
Retrofitting of existing building stock
Sustainable refurbishment of cultural and industrial heritage
Improving resilience of the built environment
Sustainable urban developmen
Scientific comittee:Petr HájekJan TywoniakDaniel AdamovskýManuela AlmeidaMaria BalouktsiNina BartošováVlastimil BílekLuc BoehmeRolf André BohneDalibor BorákRuben Paul BorgAnatolijs BorodinecsLuis BragançaSteve BurroughsAlbert De La FuenteJan DesmyterJakub DivišManish DixitPavol ĎuricaLukas FerklCtislav FialaAxel FöhlKristina FořtováBuntara Sthenly GanAntonio García MartínezJacopo GaspariVanessa Gomes Da SilvaJohn GrunewaldMatthias HaaseGuillaume HabertAylie HanDalibor HlaváčekAlexander HollbergJana HořickáGiuliana IannacconeRobert JáraStephan JörchelKarel KabeleTargo KalameesMiloš KalousekBohumil KasalJiří KolískoPavel KopeckýPetr KuklíkJerzy KwiatkowskiNils LarssonRichard LorchAntonín LupíšekThomas LützkendorfKarel MaierLenka MaierováRicardo MateusTomáš MatuškaYu MorishitaAndrea MoroJan MukařovskýJiří NováčekJiří NovákMagdaléna NovotnáFreja Nygaard RasmussenMiles Kenneth OglethorpeDoris ÖsterreicherMilan OstrýAlexander PasserTereza PavlůTomas PeltanBruno PeuportierTomas PlauskaRonald RoversJan RůžičkaSenot SangadjiSeongwon SeoHarijanto SetiawanRenáta Schneiderová HeralováMatthew SchwarzkopfJiri SkopekRoman SmutnyMichal SněhotaJerzy SowaKamil StaněkZbyněk SvobodaMartina SýkorováZsuzsa SzalayOndřej ŠikulaMichal ŠourekJiří TencarJoel Ann ToddAlexandra TroiJan TywoniakJohn Van OorschotJure VetršekMartin VolfJakub VorelFrantisek VorlíkWei YangRadek ZiglerIvana ŽabičkováJulie Železná
Local organizing comittee:Alena BílkováAntonín LupíšekJakub DivišPetr HájekPetr HejtmánekJana HořickáTereza PavlůKateřina SojkováJan TywoniakMartin VolfJulie Železná
Guarantor of the peer review process:Petr Hájek
Guarantor of the language editing:Kateřina Sojkov
DEVELOPING A VIRTUAL OPEN-AIR MUSEUM OF VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
Get PDFVernacular architecture is an integral part of the national cultural heritage. Today, however, many of these buildings exist only on old plans or photographs and the average citizen has no opportunity to get acquainted with this part of the national identity. Therefore, in our work, we present the development of two web applications with the aim of creating a virtual open-air museum for presenting vernacular architecture in the Czech Republic. The applications were created using open-source technologies, and are implemented with methods that allow easy transfer from one operating system to another. The presented content is a carefully selected sub-sample of more than 10,000 available records representing all regional types of vernacular architecture. The result is one application designed for editors to manage the presented content and one application allowing interactive viewing of the available geo-located records designed for the general public. Individual records can be searched either directly using the map window or by querying the attribute table. These records contain descriptive information about the object, as well as historical photographs and plans and, for some objects, additional information in the form of 3D models, PDF documents and other files. The applications are designed in such a way that their content can be freely expanded in the future and thus contribute to the popularization of vernacular architecture among the general public, which was the main reason for their creation
THERMAL PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF WALL ASSEMBLIES: CRITERIA IMPORTANCE THEORY AND AHP APPROACH
Get PDFThe problem of the “best” choice in terms of the ecological, durable, cheap and energy-effective material of envelope construction has been considered in the paper. For the numerical assessment of the thermal performance, the MCDA techniques as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Criteria Importance Theory (CIT) were used. There were proposed eight types of wall assemblies from a natural material, namely: Hempcrete, Adobe, Strawbale panel, Earthbag, Cordwood, SIP (plywood+ecofiber), Hempcrete+straw and Compositional building thermo-block. As a objective function for the search of the best alternative the integral index was proposed which consist of thermo-physical and economic criteria. As the thermo-physical criteria component of the index were taken the u-value of the envelope W/m2K, the dimensionless decrement factor of the envelope f and the internal areal heat capacity of the envelope k1, kJ/m2K according to ISO 13786:2017. As economic criteria of the integral index, the authors proposed the cost of the wall material Q, UAH/m2 and the mass of the wall m, kg/m2. The analysis of the conducted research has shown, that from the one hand there is no absolute “leader” in the ranking of the wall assemblies according to the proposed criteria and MCDA technique, but from the other hand by comparison of the results, there were revealed that the top three alternatives in both AHP and CIT technique are walls of “B”, “D” and “E” type with different point order, achieved in each MCDA calculation technique
DESIGN AND RESEARCH OF ELECTRIC BRICKS TRANSPORTING CAR IN NON FIRED BRICKS FACTORY
No full textUnder the background of building energy saving, unburned bricks emerge as the time requires. The non-fired bricks need to be transported to the maintenance site by transporting equipment after being pressed and moulded, but now the transporting equipment in our country is simple and inefficient. In order to improve the production efficiency and promote the development of non-fired brick industry, the scheme of electric brick cart in this paper is put forward. This paper is centered on the design of electric brick cart. Firstly, the shortcomings of existing brick conveying equipment and the areas needing improvement are expounded, and the main research contents and the main structure scheme are put forward. Specific design includes structure design of main frame and loading car, calculation and selection of lifting system and motor, reducer and chain, calculation and selection of driving system, calculation and selection of motor and chain, selection and design of steering system and braking system. Finally, finite element analysis of bearing components is carried out and the design is summarized. The electric brick car designed in this paper has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, high transportation efficiency, simple operation, and can bring higher benefits to the brick factory without burning, and has broad application prospects
BIOCOMPATIBLE CARBON NANOLAYERS FOR COATING LENSES
Get PDFAs previous studies indicated, diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers exhibit outstanding biocompatible properties. Additionally, due to high hardness and high transmittance in infrared and visible parts of spectra it is possible to utilize for application ophthalmic optics. DLC layers are suitable for coating of spectacle lenses, contact lenses and even intraocular lenses. In this paper, we focused on transmittance and wear resistance of different commercially available spectacle lenses with surface modification and lenses with DLC layer. The lens transmittance depends on base material and its surface modification. Commercially manufactured lenses exhibit usual transmittance of 90±5%, while transmittance of DLC coated lenses was lower by 15%. Wear resistance is strongly dependent on surface modification. The results of DLC layers were similar or better than commercially manufactured lenses with surface modification
Determination of loads on the body of a boxcar with elastic elements in the center sill
Get PDFThe authors suggest elastic elements in the body of a centre sill being the basic carrying element of the frame to decrease the dynamic loads. This solution can transform the dynamic loads on the body into the work of the dry friction forces between the components of the centre sill. The authors substantiated the solution by means of mathematic modelling of the dynamic loads on the body of a boxcar in the vertical plane, including the bouncing oscillations. The differential equations of the motion were solved with the Runge–Kutta method under the zero initial conditions. This solution can decrease the accelerations on the body of a boxcar by about 20 % in comparison to that of the prototype car. The study presents the strength calculations and the design service life for the body of a boxcar. It was calculated that the design service life of a boxcar was longer than that of the prototype car by about 20 %. The research may be used by those who are concerned about higher efficiency of railway transportation
THE IMPORTANCE OF A COMBINED 3D MODEL OF GROUND AND GEOTECHNICAL STRUCTURE
Get PDFThe rapid progress of digitalisation in civil engineering is also happening in the branch of geotechnical engineering. BIM is a part of this process. The mutual connection of a 3D model of ground with a 3D model of geotechnical structure can help to give a clearer view of the interaction of this structure and ground. At the same time it also makes possible better control for all participants in the construction process, particularly if all conditions of this mutual interaction are fulfilled. There is considered whether the main aim of the construction process, namely that the care devoted to the individual phases of the structure design and execution actually correspond to the risk with which this structure and ground are indeed connected. Within this context a closer specification of the Eurocode 7 of the second generation will be identified , especially as it relates to different models
Conformity assessment model for mechanical coupling devices and anchors for reinforcing steel for use in concrete structure
Get PDFThe use of mechanical coupling devices and anchors for reinforcing steel for use in concrete structures can simplify the design and construction of reinforced concrete and reduce the amount of reinforcement required. Technical Approvals of these products by suitably qualified organisations are acceptable under Building Regulations and by major specifiers as the appropriate way of assessing non-standard or new and innovative products. Specifiers, manufacturers, traders, and customers increasingly demand certainty in the quality management of mechanical coupling devices and anchors entering the supply chain. The supply chain is extremely complex. The weak traceability systems and pressure on the supply chain to reduce cost have created the environment where risks increase. This unique and comprehensive model describes the technical and assessment requirements for the conformity of mechanical coupling devices and anchors. It covers all stages in the supply chain from the production, assembly, product performance and evaluation of mechanical properties including tensile strength, ductility, permanent elongation (slip), cyclic loading performance and fatigue performance. The essential elements of the quality management system combined with additional requirements on process control, product testing and robust installation methodology are essential and agreed by all relevant sectors of industry
A study on properties of concrete with dry fly ash and fly ash slurry stored with stirring
Get PDFIn the evaluation of concrete sustainability, what constitutes "sustainable" to one region may vary from another. This often leads to methodological forms of uncertainties that makes the evaluation process more complex. As such, this paper aims to quantify the effect of uncertainties in the regional context on the sustainability evaluation of concrete materials. This is carried out by quantifying the regional context through establishing a weighting scheme and then integrating the obtained weights into the sustainability analysis of concrete materials in tandem with uncertainty analysis. Japan is used as a case study because although it relatively appears as a homogeneous country, its prefectures possess unique characteristics that may make the sustainability evaluation of concrete materials vary across prefectures. Cluster analysis is carried out in the 47 prefectures of Japan using a set of regional context indicators. Five clusters are identified with varying characteristics and these are translated into different weighting schemes. The established weights are used in the sustainability evaluation of concrete materials using multi-criteria decision-making analysis. The results showed that one mix is the most sustainable for four of the clusters and a different mix is the most sustainable for the remaining cluster. When uncertainty analysis is conducted, the effect of the weights in the sustainability evaluation is explained by examining the average scores of the concrete mixes and the variance of the scores across the five clusters. This investigation facilitated the understanding of how regional differences and the uncertainties associated with it impact the evaluation of concrete sustainability
Influence on permeability and pore structure of polyolefin fiber reinforced concrete containing slag
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to assess the mechanical and microscopic properties of concrete containing different dosages of polyolefin fibers and slag through tests of compressive strength, resistivity, water absorption, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Test results indicate that the specimens containing slag have higher compressive strength, lower absorption, lower resistivity and denser porestructures than the control and specimen made with fibers. The specimens containing slag and polyolefin fiber demonstrated better performances in fiber reinforced concrete. Scanning electron microscopy illustrates that the polyolefin fiber acts to arrest the propagation of internal cracks. Still, there are cracks and weaknesses between fiber and paste that cause harmful ions penetrated easier