Masaryk University Journals / Časopisy Masarykovy univerzity
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Recreational Facilities and Patient Health Promotion in Southwest Nigeria: The Role of Nonmedical Intervention
Full text linkThe usage of non-biomedical intervention otherwise known as recreational facilities is a new strategy employed to enhance patient recovery in hospitals. These facilities such as board games, gym facilities, arts, and music, engages patient in different recovery activities. Therefore this study investigate recreational facilities as nonmedical intervention for patient health promotion. Using 362 questionnaires six hospitals in Southwest Nigeria were chosen using purposive and stratified sampling techniques. Also using purposive sampling, six individuals were chosen for an interview. The findings indicate that the use of recreational/nonmedical interventions will effectively reduce the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in patients. They also improve recovery periods and provide a necessary diversion from the monotony of hospital routines. The study provides valuable insights into how these interventions can augment hospitals' clinical treatment and enhance health promotion. This will strengthen the region's healthcare sector and foster a holistic approach to healthcare in Southwest Nigeria
Revealing the Impact of Physical Activity on Student Postural Stability Through Inclinometer Sensor Technology
Full text linkObjective: This study aims to investigate the impact of a 16-session of physical education program on student postural stability using inclinometer sensor technology. The objective is to determine whether targeted physical education interventions can enhance postural consistency and reduce variability, particularly in challenging stances, providing insights into the role of structured activity in promoting dynamic and static balance in students.
Method: This study evaluated the effects of a 16-session physical education program on the postural stability (PS) and the Postural Tendency (PT) of male students in an English Language Study Program. Ten participants, aged 19.1 years old on average (SD ± .876), with a mean weight of 7.1 kg (SD ± 26.3), height of 166 cm (SD = 8.67), and BMI of 25 kg/m² (SD = 7.45), took part in the intervention. Postural stability was assessed using inclinometer sensors attached to the thorax during bipedal, unipedal, and tiptoe stances, along the X (sagittal) and Y (frontal) axes, both before and after the intervention. By assessing postural stability and tendency across bipedal, unipedal, and tiptoe stances along the sagittal (X) and frontal (Y) axes, the study seeks to quantify the effectiveness of physical activity in improving balance, alignment, and control.
Results: Postural stability and tendency assessments revealed that sagittal axis movements were consistently larger than frontal axis movements, particularly in challenging stances like tiptoe, which showed the greatest variability and difficulty. Post-intervention, significant improvements were observed in sagittal axis measures across bipedal, unipedal, and tiptoe stances, with the largest improvements in tiptoe sagittal stability (PS-Tiptoe-X). Frontal axis measures showed trends toward improvement but were not statistically significant. The intervention was most effective in enhancing postural control in unipedal and tiptoe stances, which demand greater balance and alignment, while bipedal stances showed minimal changes due to their inherently stable nature.
Conclusion: Overall, the physical education program effectively enhanced postural stability, particularly in challenging stances and sagittal alignment, supporting its potential to improve dynamic balance and consistency in postural control
Transformation of the thematic element ATU 332 "Godfather Death" in the work of Gustaw Morcinek
No full textStudie je věnována proměně tematického prvku ATU 332,1 "Kmotřička smrt",2 v díle rodáka z Karviné, polsky píšícího spisovatele Gustawa Morcinka (1891–1963), jenž se stal v meziválečném i poválečném období nejpopulárnějším spisovatelem ze Slezska v polské národní literatuře. Kromě tvorby pro dospělé, přičemž byl znám jako aktivní publicista, byl také velmi oblíbeným autorem pro děti a mládež (k tomu existuje celá řada studií polských literárních vědců). Zaměřujeme se na jednu povídku z Morcinkova souboru pohádek Przedziwne śląskie powiarki, konkrétně O tym, jak śmierć była matką chrzestną, a zjišťujeme některé paralely proměny téhož motivu ATU 332 "Godfather Death" v povídce Jana Drdy Dařbuján a Pandrhola, která se nachází v jeho knize České pohádky.The article is devoted to the transformation of the thematic element ATU 332 "Godfather Death" in the work of a native of Karviná, the Polish writer Gustav Morcinek (1891–1963), who became the most popular writer from Silesia in Polish national literature in the interwar and postwar period. In addition to writing for adults, while he was known as an active publicist, he was also a very popular author for children and young people (there are a number of studies on this by Polish literary scholars). We focus on one short story from Morcink's collection of fairy tales Przedziwne śląskie powiarki ("Strange Silesian superstitions"; Warszawa, 1961), namely "O tym jak śmierci była matką chrzestną" ("About how death was the godmother"), and find some parallels in the transformation of the same motif in Jan Drda's short story "Dařbuján and Pandrhola", which is found in his book "České pohádky" (Czech fairy tales; Prague, 1959); its film adaptation under the same name, directed by Martin Frič (released in 1959), undoubtedly contributed to the popularity of Drd's fairy tale among Czech readers
Manuscript tradition of the Galganum herbal and Melleus liquor
No full textThis study focuses on the Galganum herbal, a medical handbook from the Late Middle Ages that discusses the effects of plants, with particular emphasis on the preservation of its Latin manuscripts. The primary problem addressed is the incomplete documentation and cataloging of surviving manuscripts of this herbal, which has led to gaps in understanding its textual transmission and variations. The study seeks to answer the question of how the Galganum Herbal was preserved across different regions, particularly in Central Europe, and how its Latin manuscripts are connected to later vernacular translations, especially in Old Czech. The paper also mentions the medical collection Melleus liquor, in which the herbal is often survived. By systematically reviewing manuscript collections, the research aims to clarify the relationship between the Latin and vernacular versions and to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the textual variants and the broader context in which the herbal circulated. By examining the macrostructure of entries and the broader Melleus liquor context, the study lays the groundwork for future research to categorize the manuscripts and further illuminate tradition of this popular medical text
The construction and material equipment of Moravian provincial courtrooms until 1620 : (analysis of written sources)
No full textObě zemské soudnice v Brně a v Olomouci představovaly významné veřejné prostory pro fungování stavovských institucí, tedy zemského soudu a zemského sněmu. K těmto účelům stavovská obec tradičně využívala prostory v dominikánských klášterech v Brně i v Olomouci. Stávající prostory se na počátku 16. století ukázaly jako nevyhovující. Stavovská obec tedy ve dvou etapách přistoupila k výstavbě nových soudnic a dalších prostor sloužících pro uskladnění písemností, výslech svědků a zasedání kurií zemského sněmu. Nejdříve byla postavena nová soudnice v Olomouci, která byla zbudována jako samostatně stojící budova v bezprostřední blízkosti areálu dominikánského kláštera. Tato stavba byla realizována pravděpodobně v letech 1570–1571. Nová soudnice v Brně byla postavena pravděpodobně v letech 1584–1585, a to v rámci dosti radikální přestavby části dominikánského kláštera.The two provincial courtrooms in Brno and Olomouc were important public spaces for the functioning of the institutions of the Estates, i.e. the provincial court and the Provincial Diet. For these purposes, the Estates traditionally used the premises of the Dominican monasteries in Brno and Olomouc. By the beginning of the 16th century, the existing premises had become inadequate. The Estates therefore proceeded in two stages with the construction of new courthouses and other rooms for the storage of documents, the interrogation of witnesses and the meetings of the curiae of the Provincial Diet. The first to be built was a new courthouse in Olomouc, a free-standing building in the immediate vicinity of the Dominican monastery. It was probably built in 1570–1571. The new courthouse in Brno was probably built in 1584–1585 as part of a rather radical reconstruction of a part of the Dominican monastery
Quod licet Iovi : hedges in US politicians' press conference speeches
No full textThis study aims to examine the use, frequencies and pragmatic functions of hedges found in US politicians' press conference speeches. In particular, we compare the scripted and the spontaneous components of the selected speeches as well as compare the use of hedges by female politicians with that by male politicians. To test Lakoff's (1973; 1975; 1990) claim on 'women's language', a frequent interpretation of which is that women use more tentative language than men, it was hypothesised that, in the speeches examined, women would use more hedges than men. To this aim, a corpus of 22 press conference speeches given by a number of US politicians was compiled, and the hedges identified were examined using Salager-Meyer's (1997) taxonomy. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied. The findings reveal that the approximators were most frequently used, followed by modal auxiliary verbs, introductory phrases, and modal lexical verbs. In contrast, adjectival, adverbial and nominal phrases, if-clauses and compound hedges were used the least. All hedges function as linguistic tools to generalise information, convey uncertainty, save speakers' face and express an opinion. Comparison by gender suggests that male politicians used more hedges than female politicians. Further studies on the use of hedging devices in press conference speeches may incorporate further criteria, such as prosodic information as well as geographical differentiation and may also be directed at verifying the existence of the relationship between the use of hedges and the success of persuading the audience
