Masaryk University Journals / Časopisy Masarykovy univerzity
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Travestimenti testuali : scrittori filogini nel cinquecento italiano
No full textIn the Renaissance, men and women shared the same city spaces and some symbolic spaces. The debate of the Querelle des Femmes not only develops on the basis of more or less philogynous texts where equality between the sexes is supported, but on the basis of a social and cultural transformation implemented, in which women are participants in events and cultural, military, political and religious discussions. In this scenario, gender relations are destined to change, women will be considered from a literary and philosophical point of view equal to men and many new cultural and educational initiatives in this sense, while the superiority of men is questioned, both in dialogues philosophical-literary as well as in popular genres such as jokes. The sexual hierarchy will be the object of irony and parody, with the consequent virilization of women and the feminization of men.Nel Rinascimento uomini e donne condividono gli stessi spazi cittadini e alcuni spazi simbolici. Il dibattito della Querelle des Femmes si sviluppa non solo in base a testi più o meno filogini dove si sostiene l'uguaglianza fra i sessi, ma in base a una trasformazione sociale e culturale messa in atto, nella quale le donne sono partecipi di eventi e discussioni culturali, militari, politici e religiosi. In questo scenario le relazioni di genere sono destinate a cambiare, le donne saranno considerate da un punto letterario e filosofico uguali agli uomini, e molte iniziative culturali ed educative si muovono in questo senso, mentre la superiorità degli uomini viene messa in discussione, sia nei dialoghi filosofici-letterari, sia nei generi popolari come le facezie. La gerarchia sessuale sarà oggetto di ironia e di parodia; con la conseguente virilizzazione delle donne e la femminilizzazione degli uomini
Personal music documents of Pavel Josef Vejvanovský as part of the Lichtenstein collection
No full textThe core of the Kroměříž music collection, which is currently managed by the Olomouc Museum of Art, Archdiocesan Museum in Kroměříž, is a repertoire from the period of the episcopacy of Karl von Lichtenstein-Castelcorno. Generally, the Lichtenstein music collection is associated with the operations of the bishop's music ensemble. The key figure in the practical operation of the ensemble was Pavel Josef Vejvanovský. His activity as a copyist and author may help identify the individual layers of the collection. The research of the provenance of the music prints and manuscripts involved a detailed examination of the preserved covers inscribed by Vejvanovský's hand. Many of them bear characteristics signs, based on which it was possible to identify several manuscripts carrying common features of systematisation. The Lichtenstein music collection consists predominantly of manuscripts; there are only a few music prints. A handwritten exlibris entered in the Orlando di Lasso's compositions refers to Vejvanovský's ownership; the same is written also in a book of toccatas by Girolamo Frescobaldi, which is now a part of the collection of the Brno Augustinians
[Christiansen, Morten H.; Chater, Nick. The language game: how improvisation created language and changed the world]
No full text[Cerquiglini, Bernard. "La langue anglaise n'existe pas": c'est du français mal prononcé]
No full textThe journey of the Holy Family and Hana Bočková, or How the song about the flight into Egypt entered a long literary and oral tradition
No full textTato případová studie přináší kritickou edici a analýzu české kramářské písně, která se věnuje útěku Svaté rodiny do Egypta. Píseň se dochovala v literární i ústní tradici po více než dvě století. Čerpá z apokryfních a jiných nekanonických zdrojů a je součástí anonymní, pravděpodobně katechetické katolické písňové tvorby šířené na okraji mediálního prostoru. Studie využívá interdisciplinární přístup a zkoumá dané téma z jazykového, literárněhistorického, etnologického a etnomuzikologického hlediska. Ilustruje rozdíly v přenosu textových a hudebních složek kramářských písní.This case study presents an critical edition and an analysis of a Czech broadside ballad depicting the flight of the Holy Family into Egypt. The song has been preserved in both literary and oral traditions over two centuries. It draws upon apocryphal and other non-canonical sources and is part of anonymous, likely catechetical Catholic song production disseminated on the fringes of the media space. The study employs an interdisciplinary approach, examining the subject from linguistic, literary- historical, ethnological, and ethnomusicological perspectives. It illustrates differences in the transmission of the textual and musical components of broadside ballads
Editorial: The mediation of children’s digital technology usage
No full textEditorial: The mediation of children’s digital technology usag
From Policy to Practice: Monitoring SDG Targets with PIRLS 2021 Austrian Data
No full textThis study uses the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2021 data to test quality education targets related to primary education achievement, early childhood, skills for work, equity, the learning environment, and teachers' highest levels of qualification. Using Austrian data as a specific case, a regression analysis was performed on items from the student, home, and teacher questionnaires with overall reading literacy achievement as the outcome variable. Results show a drop in Austrian primary education reading literacy achievement between PIRLS 2016 and PIRLS 2021. Targets of early childhood, skills for work, equity, and a safe and effective learning environment are statistically significantly related to reading achievement. Boys trail girls in reading achievement, and higher teacher qualifications do not translate into significantly better reading results. The study's focus on targets with evidence from PIRLS raises two issues: the extent of the PIRLS contribution to measuring and monitoring SDG 4 targets and how PIRLS can help operationalize interconnected targets.This study uses the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2021 data to test quality education targets related to primary education achievement, early childhood, skills for work, equity, the learning environment, and teachers' highest levels of qualification. Using Austrian data as a specific case, a regression analysis was performed on items from the student, home, and teacher questionnaires with overall reading literacy achievement as the outcome variable. Results show a drop in Austrian primary education reading literacy achievement between PIRLS 2016 and PIRLS 2021. Targets of early childhood, skills for work, equity, and a safe and effective learning environment are statistically significantly related to reading achievement. Boys trail girls in reading achievement, and higher teacher qualifications do not translate into significantly better reading results. The study's focus on targets with evidence from PIRLS raises two issues: the extent of the PIRLS contribution to measuring and monitoring SDG 4 targets and how PIRLS can help operationalize interconnected targets
Reflective journals in the professional preparation of female primary school teacher students
No full textEmpirická studie se zaměřuje na reflexi jako klíčovou komponentu profesního rozvoje studentů učitelství. Cílem studie je popsat, vysvětlit a interpretovat, jakým způsobem studentky učitelství reflektují souvislou pedagogickou praxi v reflektivních denících, konkrétně se jedná o spolupráci s fakultní učitelkou, realizaci výuky s důrazem na udržování kázně a o reflexi vztahů studentek s žáky. Pro naplnění zvoleného cíle byla provedena obsahová analýza 32 reflektivních deníků studentek učitelství pro 1. stupeň základní školy. Nejprve jsou představena teoretická východiska definice a modelů reflexe, dále je pojednáno o reflexi v kontextu profesní přípravy studentů učitelství. Následuje představení výsledků empirické studie. Ukázalo se, že se studentky učitelství během souvislé praxe setkávají s řadou výzev zahrnujících oblasti řízení výuky, udržování kázně a rozvoje vztahů se žáky. Klíčovou osobou je pro ně ale fakultní učitelka, kterou uznávají jako autoritu a v případě potřeby se na ni neváhají obrátit pro získání nezbytné podpory a pomoci.This study focuses on reflection as a key component of student teachers’ professional development. The aim of the study is to describe, explain and interpret how student teachers reflect on their teaching practice in reflective journals, specifically in terms of their collaboration with the accompanying teacher, the implementation of lessons with an emphasis on maintaining discipline, and reflection on their relationships with students. In order to fulfill the chosen objective, a content analysis of 32 reflective journals of female student teachers for primary school was conducted. First, the theoretical background of the definition and models of reflection are presented, then reflection in the context of professional preparation of student teachers is discussed. This is followed by the presentation and results of the empirical study. Student teachers are shown to encounter a number of challenges during their continuous practice involving the areas of managing instruction, maintaining discipline, and developing relationships with students. However, the key person for them is the accompanying teacher, whom they recognise as an authority figure and do not hesitate to turn to her for necessary support and assistance when needed
Health and safety literacy: How do primary school pupils develop the ability to identify and explain risks?
No full textČlánek se zaměřuje na gramotnost žáků v oblasti ochrany zdraví a bezpečnosti jakožto integrální součásti vzdělávacích cílů v primárním vzdělávání. Respondenty výzkumu byli žáci 1., 3. a 5. ročníků ZŠ (N = 387). Cílem bylo zachytit a analyzovat jejich schopnost identifikovat rizika a určit jejich podstatu ve čtyřech vybraných prostředích (hřiště, park, město a domácnost), jimiž prolínají tři shluky (nebezpečné předměty a zvířata; osoby potenciálně ohrožující děti; lidé v nebezpečí) o nízké nebo střední vzájemné korelaci (r < 0,5). Jako výzkumný evaluační nástroj byl využit soubor pracovních listů o 49 položkách, který vznikl v rámci projektu LAGRIS. Získaná data byla analyzována pomocí deskriptivních statistických metod a korelační analýzy. Žáci všech věkových kategorií věnovali nejmenší pozornost lidem ohrožujícím děti. V rámci dalších položek se věkové skupiny lišily. Zatímco žáci 1. ročníků spatřovali riziko primárně ve zřejmých nebezpečích (pes na hřišti, injekční stříkačky), žáci 5. ročníků považovali za nebezpečné osoby chovající se v rozporu se zvyklostmi (opilý muž konzumující alkohol) nebo méně explicitní situace (chemikálie v dosahu dítěte v domácnosti). Nejmladší žáci téměř zcela ignorovali prostorová rizika (otevřené okno dokořán), čemuž žáci 5. ročníků věnovali až čtyřnásobně větší pozornost.This paper focuses on pupils’ health and safety literacy as an integral part of educational objectives in primary education. The respondents of the research were pupils of 1st, 3rd and 5th grade of primary school (N = 387). The aim was to capture and analyse their ability to identify risks and determine their nature in four selected environments (playground, park, city and home) through which three clusters (dangerous objects and animals; people potentially dangerous to children; people in danger) with low or moderate correlation (r < 0.5) interacted. A set of 49-item worksheets developed by the LAGRIS project was used as the research evaluation tool. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistical methods and correlation analysis. Pupils of all ages paid the least attention to people endangering children. Within each item, the age groups differed. While the first graders saw the risk mainly in obvious dangers (dog in the playground, syringes), the fifth graders saw the risk in people behaving contrary to the rules (drunk man drinking alcohol) or in less obvious situations (chemicals within reach of a child in the house). The youngest pupils almost completely ignored spatial risks (a wide window open), which 5th graders paid up to four times as much attention to
Error Analysis and Frequency in the Writing Section of the STANAG 6001 English Examination Among Military Students: A Corpus-Based Study of Proficiency Level Variations
Get PDFThis study examines error types and their frequencies in the writing section of the STANAG 6001 English examination among military students, with a focus on variations across proficiency levels. The STANAG 6001 is a high-stakes examination used to assess the language proficiency of military personnel, playing a crucial role in their career advancement and operational effectiveness. The analysis employs a corpus-based methodology to identify prevalent error types, examine their distribution, and quantify their frequencies. A total of 240 written responses from military students at proficiency levels 1, 1+, and 2 were analyzed, with errors classified into orthographical, grammatical, and lexical categories. The results indicate notable differences in the frequency and categories of errors across proficiency levels. These variations highlight the specific linguistic challenges encountered by students at various developmental stages. The results correspond with the proficiency descriptors for each level, particularly the necessity for accurate verb usage in narration and description at level 2, while also indicating that certain recurring errors are tolerated within the range of acceptable performance at this level. This research has significant implications for classroom instruction and curriculum design, suggesting the need for targeted teaching strategies to address the specific error patterns that hinder progression between levels